scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kehamilan Tidak Diinginkan di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
Ratna Dwi Wulandari ◽  
Agung Dwi Laksono
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Unintended pregnancy can cause pregnancy termination, which leads to safety risks. This study analyzed factors affecting unintended pregnancy in Indonesia. The analysis units were women aged 15-49 who gave birth in the past five years. The sample size was 36,472 women. The research variable was unintended pregnancy, residence, age, education, husbands/partners, employment, wealth, parity, pregnancy termination, decision-maker in woman's access to health care, access to family planning information on radio, television, and newspapers/magazines. The final stage analysis used binary logistic regression. Women in urban were 1.834 times more likely to experience an unintended pregnancy than women in rural. The 20-24 age group was 0.202 times more likely to experience an unintended pregnancy than the 15-19 age group. Women with secondary education were 1.447 times more likely to experience an unintended pregnancy than no education women. The poorer were 1.190 times more likely to experience an unintended pregnancy than the poorest. Multiparity was a strong determinant of unintended pregnancy. History of pregnancy, a decision by husbands, and access to family planning information on radio and television in the last few months were risk factors for unintended pregnancies. The study concluded that eight variables affected unintended pregnancies. Keywords: unintended pregnancy, women of childbearing age, contraceptive use, family planning, maternal health. Abstrak Kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan dapat menyebabkan terminasi kehamilan, yang berujung pada risiko. Studi menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi kehamilan tidak diinginkan di Indonesia. Unit analisis wanita usia 15-49 tahun yang melahirkan dalam lima tahun terakhir. Besar sampel 36.472 responden. Variabel penelitian adalah kehamilan tidak diinginkan, tempat tinggal, usia, pendidikan, pasangan, pekerjaan, kekayaan, paritas, terminasi kehamilan, pengambil keputusan akses perempuan terhadap pelayanan kesehatan, akses informasi KB di radio, televisi, dan surat kabar/majalah. Analisis tahap akhir menggunakan regresi logistik biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perempuan di perkotaan 1,834 kali lebih mungkin mengalami kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan dibandingkan perempuan di perdesaan. Usia 20-24 tahun 0,202 kali lebih mungkin mengalami kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan dibandingkan kelompok 15-19 tahun. Wanita dengan pendidikan menengah 1,447 kali lebih mungkin mengalami kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan daripada yang tidak berpendidikan. Kelompok yang lebih miskin 1,190 kali lebih mungkin mengalami kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan daripada yang paling miskin. Multiparitas adalah determinan kuat dari kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan. Riwayat kehamilan, keputusan suami, dan akses informasi KB di radio/televisi merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan. Studi menyimpulkan delapan variabel yang mempengaruhi kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan. Kata kunci: kehamilan tidak diinginkan, wanita usia subur, penggunaan kontrasepsi, keluarga berencana, kesehatan ibu

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Unintended Pregnancies among Childbearing Age Women in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Dwi Laksono ◽  
Ratna Dwi Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract Background: Unintended pregnancy can cause pregnancy termination, which leads to safety risks. The purpose of the study was to analyze the factors that influence unintended pregnancies in Indonesia.Methods: The analysis unit was women aged 15-49 years old who gave birth to the last 5 years. The sample size was 36,472 women. In addition to unintended pregnancy as the dependent variable, other variables analyzed were the place of residence, age, education, husband/partner, employment, wealth, parity, pregnancy termination, the person deciding woman's access to health care, heard about family planning messages on radio, television, and newspaper/magazines. The final stage analysis uses binary logistic regression.Results: Women in urban areas were 1.834 times more likely than women in rural areas to experience an unintended pregnancy. The 20-24 age group was 0.202 times more than the 15-19, while the 45-49 was 1.916 times compared to the 15-19 to experience an unintended pregnancy. Secondary education women were 1.447 times more likely than no education women, while the poorer women were 1.190 times more likely than the poorest women to experience an unintended pregnancy. Parity was found to be a strong determinant of unintended pregnancy. History of pregnancy, decision making by husbandpartner, and heard about family planning messages on radio and television in the last few months are risk factors for unintended pregnancy.Conclusions: Eight variables affect unintended pregnancy, namely age, education, wealth, parity, pregnancy termination, the person deciding woman's access to health care, and heard about family planning messages on radio and television.

scholarly journals Perceived Barriers to Contraceptive Use: An Exploratory Study of Women Living in Rural Haiti

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyne de Gouvenain
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Community Roles ◽  
Health Organization

<p>Maternal health is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (WHO, 2016). Maternal health is a very important determinant of Haiti’s familial, educational, economic, and environmental development. One key to maternal health is family planning which can empower women to fulfill their familial and community roles. Family planning through contraception offers women the opportunity to gain time between child births by deciding when to get pregnant in relation to their other life obligations. Having fewer children and longer spacing between births provides women and children a better quality of life and an opportunity to be more productive members of their communities. A maternal health assessment for women of childbearing age in rural Beaulieu, Haiti and surrounding villages was conducted to investigate factors leading to unintended pregnancies among women receiving contraceptives at the Erline et Armelle Clinic using the Social Ecological Model as a framework. Implications for advanced practice public health nursing practice, policy, and research were identified and recommendations provided. </p>

scholarly journals Hubungan Paritas dan Karakteristik Individu terhadap Pemakaian Alat Kontrasepsi diantara Wanita Usia Subur di Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Ratna Dwi Wulandari ◽  
Agung Dwi Laksono
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Number Of Children

East Java Province, which is dominated by Javanese and Madurese, has a community with cultural characteristics that consider having a large number of children will many fortunes. This study aimed to analyze the relationship of parity on the use of contraceptives in women of childbearing age in East Java. The study used data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey. The population was women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in East Java. By using stratification and multistage random sampling obtained 5,593 respondents. In addition to the use of contraceptives and parity, other variables were the type of residence, age group, level of education, work status, marital status, socioeconomic status, and health insurance ownership. Determination of influence using binary logistic regression. The results showed that parity was one of the determinants of contraceptive use in East Java. Multiparous women of childbearing age were 4.114 times higher than primiparous women for contraception. Women in the 15-19 age group were 8.413 times more likely to use contraception than the 45-49 year age group. While women in the age group 40-44 years have the possibility of 2.209 times. Women with an elementary-junior high school education were 3.931 times more likely than those without school to use contraception. While those with tertiary education are likely 4.957 times compared to those not in school. Poor women were 1.525 times more likely than the poorest to use contraception. It could be concluded that parity was one of the determinants of contraceptive use in women of childbearing age in East Java Province. Abstrak Provinsi Jawa Timur didominasi oleh suku Jawa dan Madura. Kedua suku memiliki karakter pandangan budaya tentang jumlah anak yang banyak, yaitu banyak anak, banyak rejeki. Penelitian ditujukan untuk menganalisis hubungan paritas terhadap pemakaian alat kontrasepsi pada wanita usia subur di Jawa Timur. Penelitian menggunakan data Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2017. Populasi adalah wanita usia subur (15-49 tahun) di Jawa Timur. Dengan menggunakan stratification and multistage random sampling didapatkan 5.593 responden. Selain pemakaian alat kontrasepsi dan paritas, variabel lain yang adalah tipe tempat tinggal, kelompok umur, tingkat pendidikan, status bekerja, status perkawinan, status sosioekonomi, dan kepemilikan asuransi kesehatan. Penentuan pengaruh menggunakan regresi logistik biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paritas merupakan salah satu determinan pemakaian alat kontrasepsi di Jawa Timur. Wanita multipara kemungkinan 4,114 kali lebih tinggi dibanding wanita primipara untuk memakai alat kontrasepsi. Wanita pada kelompok umur 15-19 tahun memiliki kemungkinan 8,413 kali dibanding kelompok umur 45-49 tahun untuk memakai alat kontrasepsi. Sementara wanita pada kelompok umur 40-44 tahun memiliki kemungkinan 2,209 kali. Wanita berpendidikan SD-SLTP kemungkinan 3,931 kali dibanding yang tidak sekolah untuk memakai alat kontrasepsi. Sedang yang berpendidikan perguruan tinggi kemungkinan 4,957 kalidibanding yang tidak sekolah. Wanita miskin kemungkinan 1,525 kali dibanding yang paling miskin untuk memakai alat kontrasepsi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa paritas merupakan salah satu determinan pemakaian alat kontrasepsi pada wanita usia subur di Provinsi Jawa Timur.

Postpartum Contraceptive Use Among HIV Positive Women in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia: A Cross Sectional Study

KnE Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merry Amelya
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Original Cohort ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Long Acting

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prevention of unintended pregnancy among HIV positive women is the second element of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. Contraceptive use in Indonesia remains low, despite the potential contribution of family planning (FP) to the prevention of HIV infection and unintended pregnancy. It is anticipated that this research will update existing knowledge, inform policy makers and programmers to support safer and healthier reproductive options among HIV positive women in the study area.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia, since January 1<sup>st</sup> 2013 until December 31<sup>st</sup> 2014. Of the original cohort of 5499 women delivered in 2013-2014, 65 were HIV positive. The 58 subjects in this study were selected from each group of HIV positive women and HIV negative who had delivery in this hospital either by emergency admission or elective caesarean section. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were a total of 5449 deliveries, during the study period, out of which 65 were HIV positive women (1,2%). From 58 randomly selected patients, the mean age of HIV positive mothers was 27,74 ± 4,73 years. Their parity ranged from zero to five. With significantly uses of long acting contraception as IUD and sterilization on HIV-positive women as well as booked cased patients.<strong></strong></p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high rates of unintended pregnancies in the sample of HIV positive women suggest that the WHO’s strategy of preventing unintended pregnancies amongst HIV positive women to minimise vertical transmission of HIV must be reinforced. Long acting and permanent methods could fill an important gap in family planning services in Indonesia given women’s stated fertility preferences indicating a strong desire to either not have a future pregnancy or to wait several years before the birth of their next child.

scholarly journals Unintended Repeat Pregnancies Among HIV Positive Women in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-180
Author(s):  
Bernardo B. Wittlin ◽  
Alice W. Carvalho ◽  
Giulia P. Lima ◽  
Rune Andersson ◽  
Susanne Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Continuous Family ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Illegal Abortion ◽  
Hiv Positive Women

Introduction: High rates of unintended pregnancies among HIV positive women have been reported by several studies. Among repeated pregnancies, these rates may be higher. Our aim was to describe the unintended pregnancy rate in repeat gestations of the same group of HIV-positive women. Methodology: From a prospective cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women followed-up from 1995 to 2013 in an Antenatal Clinic (ANC) in Rio de Janeiro, we selected women who had at least two consecutive pregnancies. Patient data were prospectively obtained from standardized questionnaires. The main dependent variable was if the pregnancy was intended or unintended. Some of the other variables were: age, the interval between pregnancies, household income, CD4 cells count at admission in the ANC and at delivery, viral load<1000 copies/ml at admission and close to delivery, and attempts to illegal abortion. Results: From a total of 287 women included, the number of unintended pregnancies increased from 138 (63.6%) at first pregnancy to 198 (81.8%) at second pregnancy (p < 0.01). At first pregnancy, we observed 8 women who had made an attempt to illegal abortion (7 with an unintended pregnancy and 1 with a wanted pregnancy, p = 0.06), while at second pregnancy, 34 of them had made an attempt (33 with unintended pregnancy and 1 with a wanted pregnancy, p < 0.01). Regarding viral load suppression close to delivery, there was no statistic difference between first and second pregnancies (72,7% vs. 70,5%, p = 0.36) as well as between intended and unintended pregnancies (in first pregnancy: 80% vs. 86%, p = 0.4; in second pregnancy: 72% vs. 83%, p = 0,1). Conclusion: High rates of unintended pregnancies and illegal abortion attempts, along with their increase from one pregnancy to the subsequent, reinforce the need for continuous family planning practices in HIV-infected patients. The majority of the women were able to reach undetectable viral load at the end of the pregnancy, including those with unintended pregnancies. Implications: HIV infected patients presenting in antenatal care for sequential unintended pregnancies. Despite the fact that abortion is illegal in this country, a substantial number of women, still attempt it before attending antenatal care. Family planning actions should be performed during the antenatal care.

scholarly journals Choices and services related to contraception in the Gaza strip, Palestine: perceptions of service users and providers

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Böttcher ◽  
Mysoon Abu-El-Noor ◽  
Nasser Abu-El-Noor
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Potential Barriers ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
The Gaza Strip

Abstract Background Reliable contraception enables women and men to plan their family sizes and avoid unintended pregnancies, which can cause distress and anxiety, but also increase maternal mortality. This study explored potential barriers to contraceptive use for women in the Gaza Strip, Palestine from user and provider perspectives. Methods A convenient sample was used to recruit women, who were current contraception users, from three healthcare clinics that provide family planning care, two governmental and one non-governmental. A 16-item questionnaire was completed by 204 women, including socio-demographic data, contraceptive use and eight questions exploring user experience. Additionally, 51 women attended focus groups for a deeper insight into their contraceptive use experience and potential barriers. Furthermore, 14 healthcare providers were interviewed about their experience with service provision. Quantitative data are presented as means and frequencies and qualitative data were analysed item by item and are presented in themes jointly with the quantitative data. Results Women reported usage of only three main modern methods of contraception with 35.2% using intrauterine devices, 25.8% combined oral contraception and 16.4% condoms, while only 3.1% used the hormonal implant. Expectations from family planning services were low with most women attending the clinic having already decided their contraceptive method with decisions being made by husbands (41.2%) or women jointly with their partner (33.3%), only 13.7% took advice from service providers. Healthcare providers experienced high prevalence of beliefs that modern contraceptives cause infertility and cancer. Main barriers to effective family planning services were misconceptions of potential harm, poor availability and limited choice of contraceptive methods. Conclusion Women’s contraceptive choices in Gaza are limited by prevalent misconceptions and fears as well as recurring shortages, negatively impacting fertility control. Men are a major factor in choosing a contraceptive method, however, they have limited access to information and therefore, potentially more misconceptions. Therefore, male community members need to be included in the delivery of information on contraceptives to increase women’s choice. Furthermore, greater access to long-acting reversible contraceptives, such as the hormonal implant, and improved availability might be key factors in improving contraceptive uptake in Gaza and, thus, reducing unintended pregnancies.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of unmet family planning needs among women of childbearing age in The Gambia: analysis of nationally representative data

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadou Barrow ◽  
Amienatta Jobe ◽  
Friday Okonofua
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Background: Family planning is imperative in the control of population growth by preventing unintended pregnancies and reducing other pregnancy-related risks. However, the effectiveness of family planning is constrained by unmet needs. This study determined the proportion and identify factors associated with unmet family planning needs among women of childbearing age in The Gambia. Methods: We utilized cross-sectional population-based Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from Gambian women aged 15-49 years in 2013. The outcome measured was the total unmet/met need for FP.  The sample comprised 10,233 women aged 15-49 years old. Chi-square and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used. Results: Of the 10,233 eligible women recruited in the study, the mean age was 27.4±9.1 years while 67.5% were married. Overall, 17.6% of women reported unmet FP need, of whom 14.0% and 3.6% reported unmet birth spacing and birth limitation needs, respectively. The women's age, region, ethnicity, number of live children, number of household/family members, the optimal number of children, and husband/partners’ desire for the children were found as significant determinants of unmet FP needs. Furthermore, breastfeeding has been identified as the key reason for the non-use of FP in mothers. Conclusions: The study findings suggest a need to expand FP programs and related strategic communications especially for younger women in order to improve their contraceptive prevalence. Improving women empowerment and accessibility to FP will help to lessen the current trend towards rising unmet needs in The Gambia.

scholarly journals Sexual Violence as a Predictor of Unwanted Pregnancy: Evidence from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Titilayo A. ◽  
Ekundayo O.O. ◽  
Olaoye-Oyesola O.J. ◽  
Anuodo, A.O.
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Impressive Result ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Gender Based

Gender-based domestic violence (GBDV) continues to pose a serious threat to woman folk and the society at large. All efforts to reduce the menace have not yielded an impressive result and thus, the prevalence rate is still unacceptably high. Employing analytic nationally representative weighted sample size, 15,941women aged 15-49 years who were currently pregnant or ever had at least one pregnancy experience were interviewed for domestic violence through quantitative instrument (questionnaire). The data were analysed with a chi-squared test and binary logistic regression using STATA 13. Overall, one quarter (24.7%) of the total respondents who ever experienced domestic violence from their spouses or intimate sexual partners reported having experienced unwanted/unintended pregnancy. It was evident in the study that GBDV is significantly related to unwanted pregnancy even after controlling for all other tested independent variables like age, educational attainment, wealth index, religion, place of residence and other fertility related variables such as number of children ever born, contraceptive use and pregnancy termination experience. Spousal abuse in any form is a crucial predictor of unwanted pregnancy in Nigeria. Therefore, addressing gender-based domestic violence is critical to reducing the menace of unwanted pregnancy and taming unnecessary population growth in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of unmet family planning needs among women of childbearing age in The Gambia: analysis of nationally representative data

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Amadou Barrow ◽  
Amienatta Jobe ◽  
Friday Okonofua
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Background: Family planning is imperative in the control of population growth by preventing unintended pregnancies and reducing other pregnancy-related risks. However, the effectiveness of family planning is constrained by unmet needs. This study determined the proportion and identify factors associated with unmet family planning needs among women of childbearing age in The Gambia. Methods: We utilized cross-sectional population-based Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from Gambian women aged 15-49 years in 2013. The outcome measured was the total unmet/met need for FP.  The sample comprised 10,233 women aged 15-49 years old. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used. Results: Of the 10,233 eligible women recruited in the study, the mean age was 27.4±9.1 years while 67.5% were married. Overall, 17.6% of women reported unmet FP need, of whom 14.0% and 3.6% reported unmet birth spacing and birth limitation needs, respectively. The women's age, region, ethnicity, number of live children, number of household/family members, the optimal number of children, and husband/partners’ desire for the children were found as significant determinants of unmet FP needs. Furthermore, breastfeeding has been identified as the key reason for the non-use of FP in mothers. Conclusions: The study findings suggest a need to expand FP programs and related strategic communications especially for younger women in order to improve their contraceptive prevalence. Improving women empowerment and accessibility to FP will help to lessen the current trend towards rising unmet needs in The Gambia.

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