Chironomidae (Order: Diptera) diversity in relation to water quality of highland rivers at Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

Aim: This study aims to determine Chironomidae diversity and distribution in three small rivers at Cameron Highlands in relation to their response to water quality conditions. Methodology: Fifteen sites from three rivers (Palas River, Pauh River and Bertam River) were chosen for water quality measurements and Chironomidae sampling. Water quality was analysed following APHA standard methods and chironomid was identified to genus level. The rivers were classified based on Malaysian’s Water Quality Index (WQI) and macroinvertebrates diversity and distribution was analysed using diversity indices. Comparison between sites and river was undertaken using one-way ANOVA and chironomid appearance in relation to water quality was evaluated using Pearson correlation test. Results: Chironomidae (Order: Diptera) distribution at high altitude rivers in Malaysia is not well documented although this group of insect has a wide range of distribution in tropical region. Based on Malaysian water quality index (WQI), result shows all rivers were in Class I. Although still in Class I, Bertam River has slight lower water quality due to higher ammoniacal nitrogen and total suspended solids. The diversity indices also demonstrate that Bertam Rivers was in stress conditions, and other two were in moderate conditions. Three subfamilies (Chironominae, Orthocladiinae and Tanypodinae) were recorded, which comprises of 1963 individuals. Tvetenia (Subfamily: Orthocladiinae) was the most dominant but only dominated Palas River and Pauh River. Another genus from Orthocladiinae (Crocotopus and Rheocrocotopus) also recorded dominant only in Palas River and Pauh River, but lesser in Bertam River. Only Polypedilum (Subfamily: Chironominae) which was second highest recorded, dominated in all rivers, even highest in Bertam River. Amongst dominant genus, only Polypedilum was found dominant in all rivers, others were only dominating Palas River and Pauh River only. Interpretation: This findings exhibit wide range of adaptations and potential use of Polypedilum as biological indicator. Due to availability of incomplete keys, identification to species level cannot be undertaken. However, this study reveals thirteen different sub-group of Polypedilum based mouthpart organs, which represent different species for tropical ecosystems.

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Assessment of Surface Water Quality of Mayur River in Khulna City

10.21203/rs.3.rs-202634/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Md. Mahadi Hashan ◽

S.M. Moniruzzaman

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

River Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

River Water Quality ◽

Household Waste ◽

Aquatic Life ◽

Phosphate Nitrate

Abstract River water quality is one of the foremost concerns now a days as it plays a significant role in human and aquatic life. Mayur River, located on the northwestern side of the Khulna city, is important from numerous points of view like freshwater reservoir, navigation, water source for irrigation, ground for fishing and the main wastewater route of Khulna city. However along with human interruption, the unplanned and untreated crude dumping of domestic, industrial and household waste into it, the natural flow of the river is totally retarded and the river water quality has been degraded on a large scale due to water pollution. This pollution has colossal negative impact on day to day life of the inhabitants living alongside of this river as they use this water for domestic and sometimes drinking purposes. That is where the significance of assessing the water quality of Mayur River has come from. The core objectives of this study is to assess the water quality of Mayur River and to develop a model using statistical analysis between water quality parameters (WQP) and water quality index (WQI) to interpret relationship among them. Water quality was assessed on the basis of WQI calculation using National Sanitary Foundation water quality index method. The temporal WQI value showed that the water quality in Mayur River got worse in dry season than that of wet season due to dilution. Much higher values were obtained in case of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), turbidity, total solids (TS), chloride, phosphate, nitrate and fecal coliform (FC). Pearson correlation coefficient shows negative relationship among temporal average WQI with other parameters except pH. Regression analysis indicates that 99.7% proportion of variance of dependent variable (temporal average WQI) can be predicted from the independent variables (Dissolved Oxygen (% saturation), BOD, turbidity, TS, pH, temperature change, phosphate, nitrate and FC). Total nine prediction equations were formed using regression coefficients that may be helpful to predict the WQI on the basis of WQP in future.

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Penggunaan IKA-INA dalam Penilaian Kualitas Air dengan Dua Skenario Kurva Sub-Indeks

Jurnal Ecolab ◽

10.20886/jklh.2020.14.2.125-135 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 125-135

Author(s):

Dewi Ratna Ningsih ◽

◽

Retno Puji Lestari ◽

Erna Wita Nazir ◽

Ridwan Fauzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Pearson Correlation

Indeks kualitas air merupakan salah satu instrumen yang dapat digunakan untuk penilaian kualitas air. Berbagai indeks kualitas air telah dikembangkan sesuai dengan peruntukannya. National Sanitation Foundation – Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI) merupakan salah satu formulasi indeks kualitas air yang banyak digunakan sebagai acuan pengembangan indeks baru. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk membandingkan penggunaan formulasi IKA-INA dengan skenario I menggunakan kurva sub indeks IKA-INA dan skenario II menggunakan kurva sub indeks kombinasi IKA-INA dan NSF-WQI. Kurva sub-indeks skenario II disusun dengan melakukan kombinasi kurva sub indeks NSF-WQI yang mempunyai parameter sesuai dengan kurva sub indeks IKA-INA. Uji Pearson Correlation dilakukan pada hasil indeks kualitas air skenario I dan II untuk mengetahui kedekatan dengan nilai indeks kualitas air berdasarkan penilaian pakar di lapangan. Formulasi IKA-INA dengan kurva sub indeks skenario I dan II diaplikasikan di 22 titik lokasi DAS Ciliwung dari hulu wilayah Puncak Bogor sampai ke hilir wilayah DKI Jakarta. Hasil aplikasi menunjukkan bahwa indeks kualitas air di DAS Ciliwung menunjukkan tren yang semakin memburuk ke arah hilir dengan rata-rata nilai indeks di wilayah Jakarta sebesar 38 untuk skenario I dan 32 untuk skenario II. Pemanfaatan dua skenario tersebut memberikan selisih nilai IKA yang lebih rendah untuk skenario II IKA-INA kombinasi dibandingkan skenario I. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kurva sub indeks IKA-INA masih mempunyai nilai kedekatan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan IKA-INA kombinasi terhadap hasil IKA penilaian pakar di lapangan, namun kedua skenario tersebut masih berada pada nilai kedekatan yang sangat erat atau mendekati 1, sehingga selain skenario I, formulasi IKA-INA skenario II dengan kurva sub indeks kombinasi juga dapat dijadikan alternatif formulasi penilaian kualitas air sungai.

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Assessment of Surface Water Quality of Danube River in Terms of Usual Parameters and Correlation Analyses

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.2.6924 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 398-406

Author(s):

Romana Drasovean ◽

Gabriel Murariu ◽

Gigi Constantinescu ◽

Adrian Circiumaru

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Danube River ◽

Index Method

In order to determine the water quality of Danube River, in the Galati area, the Water Quality Index was calculated. Water Quality Index is a useful number of overall qualities of water. Galati is a Danube port city located in south-eastern of Romania. Samples were taken from 9 places along the Danube starting with the place where the Siret flows into the Danube to the Profiland Steel Plant. Profiland Steel is a company in Galai whose main activities are: sheet and zinc strips; treatment and coating of metals. The monitoring period was one year, from November 2016 to December 2017. Every month, thirty physical - chemical parameters were investigated. In this study the assessment of surface water quality was determined on the basis of various indicators such as: potassium and calcium ions, nitrites, nitrates, total nitrogen, ammonium, chlorides, total phosphorus, sulphates, cadmium, chrome, copper, lead, iron, zinc, density, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand (CCO-Cr), biochemical oxygen demand (CBO5), electrical conductivity, the density of the conductivity, resistivity, pH, salinity, total dissolved solids. The water quality index (WQI) has been calculated by using Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index Method. Two types of correlations were developed: Pearson correlation matrix and Spearman correlation.

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Application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in water quality index prediction: a case study in tropical region, Malaysia

Neural Computing and Applications ◽

10.1007/s00521-016-2404-7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (S1) ◽

pp. 893-905 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Mohammed Hameed ◽

Saadi Shartooh Sharqi ◽

Zaher Mundher Yaseen ◽

Haitham Abdulmohsin Afan ◽

Aini Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Water Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Tropical Region

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Assessment of surface water quality of Onuiyieke river in Imo State, Nigeria

GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.30574/gscbps.2021.16.3.0264 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 071-084

Author(s):

Eze Chinwe Catherine ◽

Ahmad Ahmad Danmama ◽

Anaebonam Emeka ◽

Frank−Ogu Ngozi ◽

Nweze Kenneth Emeka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Principal Components ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Faecal Coliforms ◽

Mean Values

This research aimed to assess the surface water of Onuiyieke River to ascertain its quality status. Measurements were made on samples collected from seven locations with 500ml sample bottles according to standard methods. Samples for heavy metals were collected in 250ml bottle and fixed with concentrated HN03. Descriptive analysis, variation plots, ANOVA, Duncan Multiple Range tests, Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Pearson Correlation (r) and Water Quality Index (WQI) were used to analyze data. Mean values of the parameters obtained were: Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 198.19 ± 80.93mg/L; Electrical Conductivity (EC) 331.81 ± 59.78µ; Turbidity 18.84 ± 2.22 NTU; Nitrate ions 14.77 ± 0.92mg/L; Dissolved Oxygen (DO) 6.58 ± O.22mg/L and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) 1.77 ± 0.10mg/L. Mean values of the Trace Metals obtained were: Iron (Fe) 1.93 ± 0.23mg/L; Magnesium (Mg)0.22 ± 0.02mg/L and Calcium (Ca) 15.15 ± 1.87mg/L while the mean value of Faecal Coliform was 1.91 ± O.10MPN/100. pH, EC, TSS, BOD, turbidity, N03-, Ammonia, Fe and Faecal coliforms exceeded the NESREA and WHO maximum permissible limits. There were significant spatial differences in levels of TDS, EC, NO3, NH3, DO and Faecal coliforms (Sig F=0.000 to 0.039) and significant temporal differences in levels of PO43- (Sig F= 0.078 to 1000) between the control and other locations at p<0.05. Four Principal Components (PCs) formed the extraction solution with a cumulative percentage variability of about 77.67%. The Water Quality Index revealed that the rating for the water quality across the sampling locations was between excellent and unsuitable. Appropriate monitoring procedures for the sustainable development of the river should also be put in place.

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An assessment of water quality index of Godavari river water in Nashik city, Maharashtra

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-021-01432-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Ashali Chandrakant Kharake ◽

Vaishali Sanjay Raut

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Resource ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Human Activities ◽

Quality Index ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Religious Activities ◽

Godavari River ◽

Water Quality Status ◽

Quality Status

AbstractWater resource is most essential basic resource for human being. Today water resource management has become an important issue (Kharake, Pathare, Deshmukh, Arebian J Geosci 14(10):1–10, 2021) for all developing countries. Rapid growth of population and its repetitive activities along the river pose a concerned impact on the river system. The water quality and quantity are under constant pressure by the presence of different human activities like removal of vegetation, industrial activities, and encroachment, domestic and religious activities. These all activities resulted in degradation of water quality. These all problems are largely concentrated in and around urban areas. Keeping this view in the account systematic study has been carried out the water quality of Godavari river in Nashik city. Water samples from 10 sampling stations have been collected during 1st week of June 2019. Physico-chemical parameters have been analyzed by standard method. The Karl Pearson correlation matrix has been established for examining relationship between the water quality parameters, and the study is conducted to analyze the water quality status of Godavari river in terms of water quality index (WQI). The overall values showed good water quality status (WQI 133.44) at upper stream in the study area, but as it enters in urban area water quality becomes deteriorate (WQI 35.01). The field observations reveal that water quality is declining due to many human activities mainly industrial, domestic and religious waste. To analyze the water quality index (WQI) is the main aim of the research with remedial measures to mitigate the deterioration and related consequences in future.

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