scholarly journals Sobrevivência in vitro de blastocistos Mus domesticus domesticus vitrificados em macro ou microvolume de crioprotetor

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Alexander Nivia Osuna
Keyword(s):  
2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-467
Author(s):  
Consuelo Garrastazu Paixão Côrtes ◽  
José Luiz Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  

Os experimentos realizados tiveram como objetivo determinar a taxa de sobrevivência in vitro e in vivo de blastocistos Mus domesticus domesticus vitrificados em meio contendo 9,0M de etileno glicol e 0,3M de sacarose. As soluções testadas foram denominadas de I e IS, quando a adição do crioprotetor foi realizada em duas etapas, e II e IIS, quando a adição deste foi realizada em apenas uma etapa. Na solução de vitrificação I, foi realizada inicialmente uma desidratação prévia dos embriões por um período de 2 minutos em solução de 1,8M de EG em PBS + 6% de BSA e, logo após, eles foram transferidos, por um período de 30 segundos, para a solução composta por uma associação de 9,0M de EG em PBS + 6% de BSA, antes da imersão em nitrogênio líquido. Na solução de vitrificação IS, o procedimento foi idêntico ao da solução I, apenas com o acréscimo de 0,3M de sacarose às soluções crioprotetoras. Na solução de vitrificação II, os embriões foram expostos diretamente a uma solução composta por uma associação de 9,0M de EG em PBS + 6% de BSA, onde permaneciam por 30 segundos antes da imersão em nitrogênio líquido. Na solução de vitrificação IIS, o procedimento foi idêntico ao da solução II, apenas com a adição de 0,3M de sacarose à solução crioprotetora. No experimento I, foi determinada a taxa de sobrevivência de 299 blastocistos após a exposição às soluções crioprotetoras, não sendo observada diferença estatística entre os tratamentos e o grupo controle. O experimento II permitiu avaliar a sobrevivência embrionária in vitro (taxa de eclosão) após a vitrificação de 330 blastocistos, onde as soluções I e IS foram estatisticamente superiores às demais, apresentando taxas de eclosão de 49 e 40%, respectivamente. No experimento III, realizou-se a transferência de 141 blastocistos vitrificados, após a exposição às soluções I e IS, para fêmeas receptoras. Não houve diferenças estatísticas entre as taxas de sobrevivência embrionária determinadas aos 14 dias de prenhez, tanto para implantações (37 e 32%) quanto para fetos (27 e 27%), respectivamente. A presença de sacarose na solução de vitrificação não proporcionou uma maior sobrevivência de blastocistos Mus domesticus domesticus vitrificados em uma solução contendo 9,0M EG.


2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Leandro Francisco BASILE
Keyword(s):  

Foram realizados três experimentos para se avaliar o desenvolvimento in vitro de blastocistos de Mus domesticus domesticus (CF1xSWISS) cultivados a partir de embriões de 1-célula, após exposição e vitrificação em solução crioprotetora contendo 9,0 M de EG acrescido ou não de 0,3 M de SAC. No experimento 1, após o cultivo de 755 embriões de 1-célula, foram observadas taxas de eclosão de 53,0% para o meio HTF e de 61,7% para o meio KSOM (P>0,05), suplementados com 4 mg/ml de BSA + 20 e 25 mM de HEPES. No experimento 2 testaram-se os possíveis efeitos tóxicos ds soluções crioprotetoras propostas: VS1 = 1,8 M EG em PBS + 6% BSA (60 s) seguido de 9,0 M EG em PBS + 6% BSA (imersão direta) e VS2 = 9,0 M EG + 0,3 M SAC em PBS + 6% BSA (imersão direta) em 152 blastocistos cultivdos a partir de embriões de 1-célula em meio KSOM com 25 mM de HEPES. Não houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre os grupos controle (86%), VS1 (82,3%) e VS2 (78,4%). No experimento 3, 140 blastocistos cultivados por 72 h em meio KSOM com 4 mg/ml modificadas (OPSm) nas soluções crioprotetoras acima descritas, alcançando taxas de eclosão de 45,7 e 41,4% para VS1 e VS2 (P>0,05), respectivamente. Portanto, concluiu-se que ambos os meios, HTF e KSOM acrescidos de BSA e HEPES, proporcionaram o completo desenvolvimento embrionário in vitro. Apesar de não ter ocorrido diferença estatística (P>0,05), no meio KSOM observou-se que os embriões tiveram uma curva de crescimento mais homogênea e melhores taxas de eclosão, representando mais uma alternativa para o cultivo de embriões de 1-célula. Igualmente, não houve variação significativa (P>0,05) nas taxas de eclosão para os blastocistos de Mus domesticus domesticus vitrificados nas soluções crioprotetoras contendo 9,0 M de EG com ou sem o acréscimo de 0,3 M de SAC.


Author(s):  
P.L. Moore

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.


Author(s):  
John J. Wolosewick ◽  
John H. D. Bryan

Early in spermiogenesis the manchette is rapidly assembled in a distal direction from the nuclear-ring-densities. The association of vesicles of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the manchette microtubules (MTS) has been reported. In the mouse, osmophilic densities at the distal ends of the manchette are the organizing centers (MTOCS), and are associated with the SER. Rapid MT assembly and the lack of rough ER suggests that there is an existing pool of MT protein. Colcemid potentiates the reaction of vinblastine with tubulin and was used in this investigation to detect this protein.


Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.


Author(s):  
M. Kraemer ◽  
J. Foucrier ◽  
J. Vassy ◽  
M.T. Chalumeau

Some authors using immunofluorescent techniques had already suggested that some hepatocytes are able to synthetize several plasma proteins. In vitro studies on normal cells or on cells issued of murine hepatomas raise the same conclusion. These works could be indications of an hepatocyte functionnal non-specialization, meanwhile the authors never give direct topographic proofs suitable with this hypothesis.The use of immunoenzymatic techniques after obtention of monospecific antisera had seemed to us useful to bring forward a better knowledge of this problem. We have studied three carrier proteins (transferrin = Tf, hemopexin = Hx, albumin = Alb) operating at different levels in iron metabolism by demonstrating and localizing the adult rat hepatocytes involved in their synthesis.Immunological, histological and ultrastructural methods have been described in a previous work.


Author(s):  
Ann Chidester Van Orden ◽  
John L. Chidester ◽  
Anna C. Fraker ◽  
Pei Sung

The influence of small variations in the composition on the corrosion behavior of Co-Cr-Mo alloys has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), and electrochemical measurements. SEM and EDX data were correlated with data from in vitro corrosion measurements involving repassivation and also potentiostatic anodic polarization measurements. Specimens studied included the four alloys shown in Table 1. Corrosion tests were conducted in Hanks' physiological saline solution which has a pH of 7.4 and was held at a temperature of 37°C. Specimens were mechanically polished to a surface finish with 0.05 µm A1203, then exposed to the solution and anodically polarized at a rate of 0.006 v/min. All voltages were measured vs. the saturated calomel electrode (s.c.e.).. Specimens had breakdown potentials near 0.47V vs. s.c.e.


Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.


Author(s):  
Tai-Te Chao ◽  
John Sullivan ◽  
Awtar Krishan

Maytansine, a novel ansa macrolide (1), has potent anti-tumor and antimitotic activity (2, 3). It blocks cell cycle traverse in mitosis with resultant accumulation of metaphase cells (4). Inhibition of brain tubulin polymerization in vitro by maytansine has also been reported (3). The C-mitotic effect of this drug is similar to that of the well known Vinca- alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine. This study was carried out to examine the effects of maytansine on the cell cycle traverse and the fine struc- I ture of human lymphoblasts.Log-phase cultures of CCRF-CEM human lymphoblasts were exposed to maytansine concentrations from 10-6 M to 10-10 M for 18 hrs. Aliquots of cells were removed for cell cycle analysis by flow microfluorometry (FMF) (5) and also processed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FMF analysis of cells treated with 10-8 M maytansine showed a reduction in the number of G1 cells and a corresponding build-up of cells with G2/M DNA content.


Author(s):  
L.S. Cutler

Many studies previously have shown that the B-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol and the a-adrenergic agonist norepinephrine will stimulate secretion by the adult rat submandibular (SMG) and parotid glands. Recent data from several laboratories indicates that adrenergic agonists bind to specific receptors on the secretory cell surface and stimulate membrane associated adenylate cyclase activity which generates cyclic AMP. The production of cyclic AMP apparently initiates a cascade of events which culminates in exocytosis. During recent studies in our laboratory it was observed that the adenylate cyclase activity in plasma membrane fractions derived from the prenatal and early neonatal rat submandibular gland was retractile to stimulation by isoproterenol but was stimulated by norepinephrine. In addition, in vitro secretion studies indicated that these prenatal and neonatal glands would not secrete peroxidase in response to isoproterenol but would secrete in response to norepinephrine. In contrast to these in vitro observations, it has been shown that the injection of isoproterenol into the living newborn rat results in secretion of peroxidase by the SMG (1).


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