Mammary Gland Malignant Myoepithelioma in a Domestic Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Background: Malignant myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm in humans and rats, poorly reported in dogs and not previously described in rabbits. This study aimed to report a case of malignant mammary myoepithelioma in a domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Case: A domestic, hybrid, female, entire, nulliparous, seven-year-old rabbit was attended in the Veterinary Hospital Prof. Ricardo Alexandre Hippler at Universidade Vila Velha (UVV) with a history of apathy, lethargy and anorexia. In the clinical examination a 5 cm tumour was observed in the right abdominal mammary gland (M2), along with floating smaller lesions in M1 and M3. There were no palpable abnormalities in the axillary and inguinal lymph nodes. Complete blood count and serum biochemistry were within the normal range. Fine needle aspiration was performed for cytopathological evaluation of the tumour in M2 and it was suggestive of a malignant glandular neoplasm, with probable epithelial origin. Complete staging included chest and abdominal radiographs, but they were unremarkable. The patient was submitted to a right unilateral mastectomy, involving resection of the inguinal lymph node. The sample was sent to the Laboratory of Animal Pathology of UVV for routine histological evaluation. Histopathological evaluation in M2 was compatible with malignant myoepithelioma based on the literature, while nodules in M1 and M3 were classified as mammary cysts. The inguinal lymph node showed no significant abnormalities. An immunohistochemical panel was performed in the Comparative Pathology Laboratory of the Institute of Biological Sciences of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), using immunomarkers (pan-cytokeratin, p63 and vimentin) to characterize the tumour and confirm its diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry revealed expression of p63, and was negative for pan-cytokeratin and vimentin, which confirmed the myoepithelial origin, without involvement of the epithelial compartment. Clinical follow-up was recommended every 2-3 months, including abdominal ultrasonography, chest X-rays, complete blood count and serum biochemistry. Ultrasonography showed thinning of the uterine wall, dilation of 3.7 cm in diameter and presence of endometrial cysts of varied sizes, around 0.7 cm. Neutering was recommended but it was not elected by the pet´s responsible. These findings remained stable throughout the follow-up, which was greater than 405 days.Discussion: This is the first report of a malignant myoepithelioma in rabbit, with a detailed description of the clinical, surgical, pathological and immunophenotypic aspects of this neoplasm in this species. This is a tumour characterized by proliferation of epithelioid to spindle-like myoepithelial cells, as observed in this case, forming an extensive and well delimited solid area with marked central necrosis, compatible with what has already been described in the literature on bitches and women. As observed in this case, the neoplastic cells usually exhibit moderate cellular and nuclear pleomorphism, moderate anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, and several mitotic figures; different from what is observed in women, in which mitotic figures vary from small to moderate amount. Neoplasia and mammary cysts were removed by mastectomy, and the owner choose not to castrate the animal. On ultrasonography, after 12 months, the endometrium presented structures similar to cysts and was hyperplastic, which is commonly reported in association to mammary neoplasia. Nervertheless, the pet´s owner choose not to spay the rabbit and the lesions were stable on imaging follow-up

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Effect of raw and encapsulated policosanol on lipid profiles, blood biochemistry, activity, energy expenditure and macronutrient metabolism of adult cats

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1177/1098612x211013738 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1098612X2110137

Author(s):

James R Templeman ◽

Kylie Hogan ◽

Alexandra Blanchard ◽

Christopher PF Marinangeli ◽

Alexandra Camara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Indirect Calorimetry ◽

Respiratory Quotient ◽

Blood Count ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Blood Collection ◽

Adult Cats ◽

Activity Energy

Objectives The objective of this study was to verify the safety of policosanol supplementation for domestic cats. The effects of raw and encapsulated policosanol were compared with positive (L-carnitine) and negative (no supplementation) controls on outcomes of complete blood count, serum biochemistry, energy expenditure, respiratory quotient and physical activity in healthy young adult cats. Methods The study was a replicated 4 × 4 complete Latin square design. Eight cats (four castrated males, four spayed females; mean age 3.0 ± 1.0 years; mean weight 4.36 ± 1.08 kg; mean body condition score 5.4 ± 1.4) were blocked by sex and body weight then randomized to treatment groups: raw policosanol (10 mg/kg body weight), encapsulated policosanol (50 mg/kg body weight), L-carnitine (200 mg/kg body weight) or no supplementation. Treatments were supplemented to a basal diet for 28 days with a 1-week washout between periods. Food was distributed equally between two offerings to ensure complete supplement consumption (first offering) and measure consumption time (second offering). Blood collection (lipid profile, complete blood count, serum biochemistry) and indirect calorimetry (energy expenditure, respiratory quotient) were conducted at days 0, 14 and 28 of each period. Activity monitors were worn 7 days prior to indirect calorimetry and blood collection. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures mixed model (SAS, v.9.4). Results Food intake and body weight were similar among treatments. There was no effect of treatment on lipid profile, serum biochemistry, activity, energy expenditure or respiratory quotient ( P >0.05); however, time to consume a second meal was greatest in cats fed raw policosanol ( P <0.05). Conclusions and relevance These data suggest that policosanol is safe for feline consumption. Further studies with cats demonstrating cardiometabolic risk factors are warranted to confirm whether policosanol therapy is an efficacious treatment for hyperlipidemia and obesity.

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Thyroid Carcinoma in a 13-Year-Old Bengal

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/jaaha-ms-6853 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 53-57

Author(s):

Mallory Watson ◽

Benjamin S. Perry

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Blood Count ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Domestic Cats ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Cervical Swelling ◽

Treatment Plans ◽

Pulmonary Parenchyma ◽

The Right

ABSTRACT A 13 yr old male neutered Bengal cat was evaluated for a ventral cervical swelling, occasional vomiting, and decreased energy. Serum biochemistry, complete blood count, and physical examination were unremarkable apart from the cervical swelling. Serosanguinous fluid was drained from the cyst-like structure; however, the mass returned. Computed tomographic imaging revealed a large rounded-to-oval–shaped cystic structure in the region of the right thyroid gland with no obvious metastatic changes to the pulmonary parenchyma. The mass was surgically excised, and the tissues were histologically consistent with thyroid carcinoma. No evidence of recurrence or metastasis was present 6 mo postoperatively. Thyroid carcinomas are rarely reported in domestic cats; consequently, there is little research available on the topic. Until more research is made available, veterinarians may look to information available in canine literature to guide their treatment plans, but no definitive statements regarding therapy and ultimate prognosis can be made.

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An Unusual Case of Metastatic Seminoma in a Dog

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/jaaha-ms-6263 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 401-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Danielle R. Dugat ◽

Emily L. Medici ◽

Mark C. Rochat ◽

Jason A. Arble ◽

Timothy A. Snider

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Abdominal Mass ◽

Exploratory Laparotomy ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Biological Behavior ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Abdominal Radiographs ◽

The Right

An 8 yr old, reportedly castrated male Boston terrier presented with a history of generalized hyperesthesia and intermittent shifting leg lameness. Physical examination revealed a caudal abdominal mass and bilateral shoulder pain. A complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, and urinalysis were unremarkable. Thoracic radiographs demonstrated bony proliferation and lysis of the third sternebra, an expansile lesion of the left tenth rib, and lucency in both proximal humeral metaphyses. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound revealed a soft tissue mass within the caudoventral right abdomen. Ultrasonography also revealed an enlarged lymph node within the right retroperitoneal space. Exploratory laparotomy identified the mass as a retained testicle. A cryptorchidectomy, lymph node biopsy, and bilateral percutaneous core biopsies of the proximal humeri were performed. Histopathologic examination revealed malignant seminoma of the testicle with metastasis to lymph node and bone. Adjuvant chemotherapy was recommended, but it was declined by the owner. All follow-up was lost. This case highlights a unique case for causative hyperesthesia secondary to a novel site of metastasis from malignant seminoma. Metastasis to bone has not been reported in humans or dogs and represents a very unusual and aberrant variant of the normally relatively benign biological behavior of seminoma in the dog.

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Dark brown serum and plasma samples

Biochemia Medica ◽

10.11613/bm.2020.021002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 320-324

Author(s):

Lora Dukic ◽

Nikolina Maric ◽

Ana-Maria Simundic

Keyword(s):

Blood Count ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Reference Interval ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Arterial Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Reflex Testing ◽

Colicky Pain ◽

Hb Concentration

This case report describes occurrence of unusual, dark brown coloration of citrate plasma and serum samples in a female 68 years old patient admitted into Emergency department (ED). Patient complained of nausea and vomiting, fever up to 38.9°C, colicky pain in abdomen, diminished urinary output and yellowish skin tone. Her medical history included arterial hypertension, hypothyroidism and facial squamous cell carcinoma. For previous two years, she was treated with tuberculostatic therapy for Mycobacterium avium positive interstitial lung disease. Regular follow-up showed no signs of active disease. Upon admission to ED, complete blood count (CBC) analysis showed low red blood count (RBC) (3.76 x1012/L (reference interval (RI) 3.86 – 5.08 x1012/L)), low haemoglobin (Hb) concentration (111 g/L (RI 119 - 157 g/L)) and low haematocrit (Hct) (0.310 L/L (RI 0.360 – 0.470 L/L)). Biochemistry analytes were high, with foremost lactate dehydrogenase (LD) activity (2900 U/L, RI < 240 U/L). After communication with the clinician, methaemoglobin measured in arterial blood gas sample was reported. Patient was admitted to the Intensive care unit and upon reflex testing of haptoglobin, intravascular haemolysis was confirmed. This case indicates that every case of brown coloration of the serum must be promptly communicated to the clinician. Reflex testing assured timely diagnosis and favourable patient outcome.

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The Pedicled Flap of Adductor Longus, a New Technique for Inguinal Reconstruction

Frontiers in Surgery ◽

10.3389/fsurg.2021.639893 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Hong Zhang ◽

Zhenfeng Li ◽

Jianmin Li ◽

Lei Zhu ◽

Yakubu Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Dissection ◽

Inguinal Lymph Node ◽

Pedicled Flap ◽

Local Resection ◽

Inguinal Region ◽

Node Dissection ◽

Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection ◽

Adductor Longus

Introduction: Reconstruction surgeries of the inguinal area pose a challenge for oncological and orthopedic surgeons, especially after radical local resection (RLR), radical inguinal lymph node dissection (RILND), or both. Although numerous surgical procedures have been reported, there is no report about a pedicle adductor longus flap method. The aim of this work is to show our experience about inguinal reconstruction with pedicled adductor longus flap and associated outcomes.Patients and Methods: A retrospective study of 16 patients with localized inguinal region interventions and reconstructed by adductor longus flap from March 2016 to July 2020. Patients' average age was 60.0 years (range = 38–79 years) and had postoperative follow-up of 10 months (ranging 2–19 months). All patients had unilateral inguinal region involvement—seven cases on the left and nine cases on the right. The patients' clinical course, operative course, and postoperative follow-up data were evaluated.Results: All 16 patients recovered well post-operatively and did not require any re-intervention. Four patients experienced negligible discomfort around the groin area. Five patients experienced a minor strength deficit in thigh adduction compared with that of preoperative strength in the same or contralateral leg. The aforementioned complications resolved during the postoperative course and had no functional impact on their activity of daily living. All adductor longus flaps survived, completely filled the inguinal dead space, and wounds healed uneventfully within 3 weeks except for three patients who suffered delayed wound healing for more than 4 weeks. Other common complications such as infection, seroma, or wound dehiscence were not encountered in this series.Conclusion: The adductor longus flap is a reliable alternative method for inguinal region reconstruction following radical local resection (RLR), radical inguinal lymph node dissection (RILND), or both.

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Inflammatory Pattern of Eosinophilic COPD Involving 12/15-LOX Lipid Signals Expressed by Eosinophils

10.21203/rs.3.rs-706875/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chuanxu Cai ◽

Shuyan Wang ◽

Huakui Yue ◽

Danting Zhan ◽

Yimin Zha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Blood Count ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Pulmonary Function Tests ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Blood Eosinophil ◽

Treatment Interventions ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Inflammatory Pattern

Abstract Background and objective:Eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been recognized as an inflammatory pattern which is importance for precise treatment interventions among COPD. However, the studies about eosinophilic COPD show conflicting results and the role of eosinophils in COPD remains unclear. In this study, LC-MS/MS-based mediator lipidomics was to determine the expression status of lipid signals in non-eosinophilic and eosinophilic COPD.Method:A totally 80 patients with COPD including 40 eosinophilic COPD and 40 non-eosinophilic COPD were enrolled over 12 months. Clinical characteristics information record, pulmonary function tests, complete blood count, serum metabolites analysis and other clinical tests were performed at baseline and follow-up. Results:There were no significant differences in pulmonary function or pulmonary function decline between eosinophilic COPD and non-eosinophilic COPD after follow-up. However, eosinophilic COPD have higher numbers of acute exacerbation patient in the last 1 year. Complete blood count (CBC) data demonstrated that Δblood eosinophil count (BEC) was significantly decreased and correlated with ΔFEV1 (% Predicted) (r = 0.314, P = 0.036) in eosinophilic COPD. Furthermore, compared to non-eosinophilic COPD, a series of 12/15-LOX-derived mediators were found increased in eosinophilic COPD. Among them, 17-HDoHE was found significantly decreased after follow-up and significantly correlated with ΔBEC (r= 0.336, P= 0.023).Conclusion:This study demonstrates that metabolic levels of non-eosinophilic COPD and eosinophilic COPD were different due to the huge difference in eosinophil level, which leads to different inflammatory patterns, and the 12/15-LOX metabolic pathway was one of them. The results might help to understand the inflammatory response and lipid metabolism of eosinophilic COPD.

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Rosai Dorfman Disease

Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/jom.v8i1.1376 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 28-31

Author(s):

Md Faizul Islam Chowdhury ◽

MA Kashem Khandaker ◽

Hossain M Zaid ◽

Hazera Khatun ◽

Md Murad Hossain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Blood Count ◽

Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Full Blood Count ◽

Not Given ◽

Neck Swelling ◽

Node Biopsy ◽

Rosai Dorfman Disease

Mr. Shahinoor an 18 year old male got himself admitted at DMCH in July,2007 with the complaints of bilateral neck swelling and fever for 1 month. The enlarged lymph nodes were clustered in cervical regions involving both anterior and posterior chains and largest one measuring 5 cmÃ2.5 cm.He was otherwise healthy on examination. Full blood count showed neutrophil leukocytosis and raised ESR.Sputum for AFB was found negative and xray chest was normal. FNA of lymph node showed non specific lymphadenitis with reactive hyperplasis. Lymph node biopsy was done and histopathology revealed Rosai Dorfman Disease, a very rare yet fascinating disorder also called Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy.It is a benign proliferative disorder of the histiocytes. He was not given any tretament and is under follow up. Â DOI = 10.3329/jom.v8i1.1376 J MEDICINE 2007; 8 : 28-31

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Lymphopenia as a prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.5_suppl.470 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (5_suppl) ◽

pp. 470-470

Author(s):

Mohammad Mozayen ◽

Anteneh Tesfaye ◽

Khalil Katato

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Overall Survival ◽

African Americans ◽

Prognostic Factor ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Blood Count ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Study Population

470 Background: Lymphopenia is known to be a negative prognostic marker for NHL and hematological malignancies, recent observational studies evaluated the presence of lymphopenia and its impact in solid tumor like colon, lung and pancreatic cancer. We aim to assess the effect of Lymphopenia at the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) survival. Methods: A retrospective review of 207 patients diagnosed with RCC between 1995 and 2008 in a community hospital setting was done. Patients with additional malignancies, lymphoma of the kidneys, with no follow up data or no preoperative complete blood count test were excluded. Demographics, preoperative complete blood count, pathology, disease stage, operative note, and subsequent follow up data were reviewed. Lymphopenia was defined as absolute lymphocytic count < 1200/µl. Last follow up date was used to calculate the 3 year overall survival. The primary outcome was 3 year overall survival. Results: A total of 207 patients were included in the study. Caucasians were 176(85.9%), African Americans were 13.7% and Asians were 1(0.5%). Males (M) were 127 (62.3%) and females (F) were 77(37.7%). The median age of the study population was 65 (22-91. Clear cell histology was seen in 79%. Stage I was seen in 53.9%, II in 23.5%, III in 13.7% and IV in 8.8% of the study population. Lymphopenia was seen in 81 (40%) patients (95 CI 34-48). Lymphopenia was seen in 31.8% of stage I; 50% of stage II, 41.4% of stage III, and 65% of stage IV patients (p=0.017). Lymphopenia was seen in 28.6% of African Americans and 42.7% of Caucasians (p=0.11). Lymphopenia was seen in 32.1% of females and 45.7% of males (p=0.03). The 3 year overall survival for the study population was 67.3% (95% CI: 60.4-73.7). The 3-year overall survival for patients with lymphopenia was 60.5%, compared to 73.6% in non-lymphopenic patients (p=0.04). Conclusions: Lymphopenia was seen to be higher among males and Caucasians, more frequently at advanced stage at diagnosis. Patients with lymphopenia were observed to have significantly worse survival when compared to patients with normal lymphocytic count in RCC. We conclude that lymphopenia is considered as a negative prognostic factor for RCC, and needed to be studied in the correlation of other known prognostic factors.

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AN AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF VARICOSE ULCER: A CASE STUDY

10.36106/pijr/1200763 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Manju. P ◽

T Thomas ◽

Sindhu Das H

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Inguinal Lymph Node ◽

Ulcer Patient ◽

Medial Malleolus ◽

Lymph Node Enlargement ◽

Varicose Ulcer ◽

Healing Wound ◽

Treatment Procedures

A male patient aged 37 yrs came to Salyatantra OPD of Sree Narayana Institute of Ayurvedic Studies & Research Hospital, Puthoor, Kollam with complaints of a non-healing wound on left medial malleolus since 6 months. Discharge and itching around wound since 10 days. Pain over inguinal region since 2 days and came here for better management. On examination there was a vertically oval shaped ulcer with slopping edge and the floor was covered with red granulation tissue and white margin on left medial malleolus. On palpation there was temperature rise and tenderness and inguinal lymph node enlargement. The diagnosis was confirmed as varicose ulcer. Patient was treated with Jalaukavacharana for 2 days, Yogavasthi and Avagaha and dressing with Jathyadi Ghrita and crepe bandaging for 9 days along with internal medication. The wound responded well with each treatment procedures. The wound was completely healed. Follow up was done on 7th day and 14th day of discharge. There was complete closure wound. No reappearance of disease since three months. Thus this patient was successfully treated with this Ayurvedic protocol without any recurrence and complications.

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Challenges on the Follow-Up Experimental Leptospiral Infection in Sheep

Acta Scientiae Veterinariae ◽

10.22456/1679-9216.90151 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bruno Ribeiro Rocha ◽

Matheus Costa Da Rosa ◽

Lucas Correia ◽

Gabriel Martins ◽

Odir Antônio Dellagostin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Infection ◽

Blood Count ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Carrier Status ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

Reliable Parameter

Background: Leptospirosis is currently a source of significant economic losses in the agribusiness; as such, experimental studies on this infection are required to develop a better understanding of the pathogenesis, treatment, and immunoprophylaxis of the disease. Sheep may represent a good model for ruminants in such models. Despite the extent of the studies that has been conducted thus far, researchers have yet to reach a consensus on the experimental practices to apply for leptospirosis in this animal species, and several gaps in understanding remain. To bridge these gaps, the present study aimed to assess the usage of several tools for the monitoring of experimental leptospirosis in sheep.Material, Methods & Results: Twelve Santa Ines sheep of different ages were each allocated to one of four groups (A, B, C, and D). The subjects in groups A, B, and C received different doses of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohemorrhagiae by intraperitoneal route, 1x102, 1x105, and 1x108 respectively. Group D was the control. Hematological, biochemical and clinical parameters were evaluated daily. Serology by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and PCR were performed to evaluate the infection status. The most remarkable clinical signs were fever (41ºC) and dehydration, and acute pain (cub). Two animals from Group C presented leukocytosis. Only those in Group C exhibited positive results according to serology, while positivity in PCR was observed in animals in groups A and C. The results of the experiment indicated that sheep may be experimentally infected and can, therefore, be used as a model for leptospirosis in ruminants. Clinical signs cannot be considered to represent a reliable parameter for evaluating the development of leptospirosis in experimentally infected sheep. We recommend the use of urine PCR and serology to confirm the infection in experimentally infected animals and daily complete blood count (CBC) as a follow-up tool.Discussion: It was observed that the clinical signs cannot be considered as a reliable parameter to evaluate the pathogenesis in experimentally infected ewes, being important to emphasize that the age of the animals does not seem to alter their susceptibility to the infection. This finding is in agreement with other experimental studies, which report that leptospirosis infection in ruminants occurs asymptomatic and subclinical. Hematological and biochemical tests proved to be adequate tools to monitor the experimental infection. Studies have shown that the complete blood count has been used to monitor the acute phase of leptospirosis and is effective in detecting anemia and leukocytosis with neutrophilia in ruminants. Despite the lack of clinical signs, the serological and molecular results confirmed the experimental infection. PCR has been used as an important tool in the diagnosis of leptospirosis. In addition, the current study is the first of its kind to use PCR to detect the carrier status in experimentally infected ewes. Despite this limitation, PCR was very effective in confirming the infection and should be considered for use in experimental studies. Sheep have been used as a good experimental model in several studies, sheep are relatively small compared to other ruminants and can be easily allocated in smaller pens and pens, facilitating the management of research and minimizing the costs of experimentation. In this context, we suggest that sheep represent a good model for the study of leptospirosis in ruminants and therefore a reliable protocol for experimental infection by leptospirosis is necessary.

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