scholarly journals Legitimacy or good governance: What drives carbon performance in Australia

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Qian
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Internal Governance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Corporate Governance System ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Carbon Performance ◽  
External Forces

Previous studies present diverse views on carbon performance. The legitimacy perspective posits that external forces from a wide range of stakeholders drives environmental performance change, while the governance perspective posits that strong internal governance structure leads to performance improvement. This study empirically examines the validity of these different perspectives. Using data released by top polluting companies included in the Australian National Greenhouse and Energy Reports (NGER), the study finds that better governance structures are significantly associated with higher carbon performance, but there is no significant relationship between external carbon disclosure and carbon performance. The results suggest that future policy needs to focus more on ensuring strong corporate governance system and encouraging the integration of environmental aspects into governance agenda.

scholarly journals The Logic behind the Internal Governance of Sweden’s Largest Agricultural Cooperatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9073
Author(s):  
Karin Hakelius ◽  
Jerker Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Internal Governance ◽  
Market Rate ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Tentative Explanation ◽  
The Individual

This study comprises a qualitative analysis of the governance structures within the two largest agricultural cooperatives in Sweden, both of which have large and heterogeneous memberships, as well as sizeable and complex business operations. Interviews were conducted with district council members and representatives from the boards of directors. The data from both case cooperatives indicate a genuinely traditional democratic member governance structure. There is a great deal of social capital in the governance system. A tentative explanation of the member involvement is that the cooperatives’ equity capital is owned by the individual members, and the members are free to sell and buy their shares at a market rate. The members are satisfied with the return on the capital they have invested in the cooperatives. They receive bonus shares and dividends above what most members would get in other investments. A conclusion is that very large cooperatives may succeed well with a member-democratic governance system of the traditional cooperative type, which in this case is probably due to the members’ satisfaction with the individualized ownership of the cooperatives.

scholarly journals Institutional reforms and development of corporate governance and banking system in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayakumaran Ratnam ◽  
Sunitha Vijayakumaran
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Corporate Governance System ◽  
Management Responsibility

The objective of this paper is to review China’ instructional reforms and evaluate its effectiveness based on available empirical evidences with special reference to Chinese corporate governance system and financial system. As part of the wider economic reform initiated in the late 1970s, in the 1980s, the Chinese government adopted various measures aimed at reforming state owned enterprises (SOEs). These mainly include managerial autonomy, a management responsibility system, corporatization and partial privatization of former SOEs. In addition, the Chinese government took various steps to enhance the efficiency of the banking sector. The analysis shows that China’s efforts to improve the corporate sector through its own unique gradual and piecemeal approach has been successful in terms of introducing a formal governance structure for the corporate sector, liberalizing its financial sector, improving governance of state owned banks, and most importantly, developing the private sector as the back bone of the economy.

INTERNAL AUDIT - EFFECTIVE INSTUMENTY OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SYSTEM

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Закирова ◽  
Alsu Zakirova ◽  
Клычова ◽  
Augul Klychova ◽  
Клычова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Internal Audit Function ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Corporate Governance System ◽  
Internal Control System ◽  
Range Of Functions ◽  
Domestic Companies

Today the debatable problem is the effectiveness of internal control system. That internal audit, as a part of interfarm monitoring systems, has a wide range of functions, that go beyond the range of issues, relating to internal control. In Russia, there are no laws and regulations, governing the internal audit organization. The absence of a rigid framework is a prerequisite for creating the most effective internal audit service. The establishment an internal audit function is also becoming increasingly necessary because of competition and integration of foreign and domestic companies. This article provides an irreplaceable role of internal audit in terms of its objectives and functions.

Local Public Expenditure, Public Service Accessibility, and Housing Price in Shanghai, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiping Li ◽  
Qingfang Wang ◽  
Zhongwei Deng ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
Hongwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Service Accessibility ◽  
Public Service Provision ◽  
Using Data

The level of public service accessibility differs by residential locations. Existing literature has documented the effects of public service accessibility on housing prices. However, few studies have examined how public service provision affects housing prices under the Chinese centralized governance system. Using data from different geographic scales, this study uses a multilevel research design to examine how public service provision is associated with housing prices in Shanghai. Results show that though the total expenditure at the urban district level is not related to housing prices, government redistributive expenditure is positively associated with housing price and the developmental expenditure is on the opposite. The expenditure effects are further mediated by the accessibility to public facilities at the community level. The findings suggest that, as public service accessibility has been capitalized into housing prices, the decentralized fiscal system with relatively centralized governance structure may have reinforced urban polarization in Shanghai.

scholarly journals Governance and Performance of Agri-Food Exporting SMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Nour-Eddine SOUSSI ◽  
Habib ELFATHAOUI ◽  
Jamal AGOURAM
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Internal Governance ◽  
Internal Governance Mechanisms ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Performance

Moroccan SME's are involved in local development and are currently the subject of several studies. Furthermore, Moroccan SMEs are crucial to the country's economic growth since they produce value, create employment, and play an important role in local development. The goal is to identify the factors that influence its export performance. This performance can be influenced by the governance system, which is defined as a set of mechanisms that have the effect of limiting managers' powers and influencing their decisions. In this light, the purpose of this paper is to demonstrate, using a sample of food SME's in Agadir city, that a good governance system improves export performance and accelerates the process of SME internationalization. Based on the findings of this study, we can infer that SMEs with effective internal governance mechanisms, such as an internal control and consultation body and strong hierarchical control, may improve their export performance and, as a result, their internationalization potential.

scholarly journals Community-based natural resource management: governing the commons

Water Policy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (S2) ◽  
pp. 83-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fabricius ◽  
S. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Capacity Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Wide Range

Community-based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) focuses on the collective management of ecosystems to promote human well-being and aims to devolve authority for ecosystem management to the local (community) level. CBNRM therefore requires strong investments in capacity development of local institutions and governance structures. CBNRM has come under strong criticism for its failures to deliver real benefits to communities. In this paper we explore the reasons for the frequent failure of CBNRM. We postulate that good governance buffers CBNRM against unexpected change, notably conflicts, especially in the early stages when income generation, infrastructure development and capacity development have not yet taken place. We assess the key characteristics of CBNRM governance systems that could perform this buffering function, using case study examples from Macubeni, Nqabara, Makuleke and Richtersveld to support our propositions. In our case studies, 11 strategies have been used to increase the incidence of success of CBNRM: understand and describe the social-ecological system; establish and communicate a clear vision; build on local organizations; plan ahead; create rules for resource use and enforce them; communicate the vision, plan and rules; develop management capacity; finance the initial stages of the initiative; work within available legal frameworks; monitor and learn all the time; and create lasting incentives. Despite these strategies there are, however, a number of obstinate implementation challenges, related to governance shortcomings and external factors which management cannot control. We therefore propose seven additional strategies to promote good governance in CBNRM: 1. Develop knowledge networks that draw on the experience and wisdom of a wide range of key individuals. 2. Establish formalised decision-making structures (e.g. multi-level project steering committees) with clear constitutions and codes of conduct. 3. Clearly define and legitimise conflict resolution procedures. 4. Ensure acceptance of the governance structure by community members. 5. Obtain formal commitment to well-defined roles and responsibilities by key individuals. 6. Establish tangible incentives to key individuals for meeting their commitments. 7. Develop the capacity for facilitation to promote communication. Local communities, government and scientists have important roles to play in maintaining these knowledge and governance networks through adaptive co-management.

scholarly journals The Role of Corporate Governance Mechanism in Optimizing Firm Performance: A Conceptual Model for Corporate Sector of Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Ahsan Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Corporate Governance Structure ◽  
Wealth Maximization ◽  
Corporate Governance System ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism

Corporate governance refers to the processes that govern and direct firm managers to take decisions that are in line with the shareholders goal of wealth maximization. Various studies have been conducted in developing countries including Pakistan to investigate the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance mostly by using the conventional measures of corporate governance. The result of these studies suggests that corporate governance positively and significantly contributes towards firm performance. The aim of this study is to incorporate some important policy measures related to major players of corporate governance that are of significant importance in establishing an effective corporate governance structure in addition to the conventional measures of corporate governance. Inclusion of these variables will help the firms to create an effective corporate governance system that will lead to an increased firm performance.

scholarly journals Italian asset management companies: Products and governance

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Arcuri
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Corporate Governance System ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Severe Recession

The importance of the asset management sector has prompted many studies to highlight the need to promote its growth and development. This is even more so following the recent financial crisis, considered by many authors the most severe recession after World War II. Contributions existing in literature have emphasized the importance of investigating the corporate governance system of the Asset Management Companies (AMCs), considering that the Italian financial system is characterized by a "vertical integration" between production and distribution. In particular, the purpose of our research is to establish whether the products offered by Italian AMCs affect their governance structure. We use a statistical multi – equation method called Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) and analyze the period 2006-2010. Results show that mutual fund categories offered by Italian AMCs are very important because they may affect their corporate governance system and, therefore, the Italian asset management market.

scholarly journals Nurturing Corporate Governance System: The Emerging Trends in Nigeria

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin James Inyang
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Securities And Exchange Commission ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Corporate Governance Structure ◽  
Public Corporations ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Corporate Governance System

The paper traced the nascent history of corporate governance system in Nigeria and noted the paucity of literature in the subject. Mainstream issues of corporate governance in the country emerged with the enactment of the Companies and Allied Matters Act of 1990 (CAMA 1990), which established the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC), and charged it with the responsibility of overseeing the regulation and supervision of the formation, incorporation, registration, management and winding up of companies. The corporate governance codes of both the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), gave impetus for the development of corporate governance structure, to ensure transparency, accountability, probity, integrity and fairness in the management and control of the public corporations, and thereby creating value for the shareholders and stakeholders. Major challenges which required urgent attention to enhance the effectiveness of the system were noted thus: making the voluntary codes mandatory; developing more effective mechanisms for monitoring compliance and enforcement; developing strong internal control mechanisms to checkmate the boards oversight responsibility; crafting strategies to enhance shareholders activism and the extension of the codes to state-owned enterprises with more cases of corporate governance abuses.

scholarly journals Governance of Family Waqf Companies Between Theory and Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-102
Author(s):  
Mohamed DJAFAR HENNI
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Corporate Governance System ◽  
The Board Of Directors

The effective governance of family waqf companies is a set of rules and regulations that provide accounting information to the board of directors in waqf companies such as disclosure, transparency and clarity, in order to achieve the objectives that benefit the beneficiaries of the services of waqf companies and the dependents and depend on the legal and regulatory systems, Honesty and honesty. The aim of this study is to attempt to construct and formulate the general framework of the governance structure of family waqf companies. This study aims at clarifying the importance of establishing and strengthening the principles of corporate governance in waqf companies. The study found that an effective corporate governance system helps to provide effective and effective trust and transparency to charitable and endowment work. It aims at improving the performance efficiency of Waqf companies and developing their services. Waqf corporate governance also contributes to increasing the mobilization of endowment resources.

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