scholarly journals Association between prehospital airway management methods and neurologic outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with respiratory cause: a nationwide retrospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Neurologic Outcome ◽  
Supraglottic Airway ◽  
Neurologic Recovery ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Advanced Airway ◽  
Prehospital Airway Management ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Cardiac arrests are resulted by various aetiology including respiratory cause. Advanced airway placement is an important prehospital intervention for oxygenation and ventilation in respiratory cardiac arrest. We evaluated the association between of advanced airway method and neurologic outcome in arrest with respiratory cause. Adult witnessed non-traumatic OHCA (out-of-hospital cardiac arrest) treated by emergency medical service (EMS) providers in 2013–2017 were enrolled in a nationwide OHCA database. The association between airway management methods (endotracheal intubation (ETI), supraglottic airway (SGA) and bag valve mask (BVM)) and outcome were evaluated according to the presumed cause of cardiac arrest (cardiac, respiratory or others). The primary outcome was good neurological recovery at discharge. Multivariable logistic regression models with interaction analysis was conducted. Of 40,443 eligible OHCA patients, the cause of arrest of 90.0%, 7.5%, and 2.4% of patients were categorized as cardiac, respiratory and others, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the effect of the advanced airway type on good neurologic recovery in the total population (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.96 (0.81–1.14) for ETI; 1.01 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.93–1.11) for BVM). However, ETI was associated with better neurologic recovery than SGA or BVM in OHCA in cardiac arrest with suspected respiratory cause (aOR 3.12 (95% CI 1.24–7.80) for ETI; 0.99 (95% CI 0.51–1.91) for BVM). Prehospital ETI was associated with good neurologic outcome when the cause of arrest was respiratory. ETI may be considered initially when a respiratory cause is suspected on the scene.

scholarly journals Association Between Prehospital Airway Management Methods and Neurologic Outcome in Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) with Respiratory Cause.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeongho Choi ◽  
Tae Han Kim ◽  
Ki Jeong Hong ◽  
Kyoung Jun Song ◽  
Sang Do Shin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Neurologic Outcome ◽  
Supraglottic Airway ◽  
Neurologic Recovery ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Advanced Airway ◽  
Good Neurologic Outcome ◽  
Prehospital Airway Management

Abstract Purpose: Cardiac arrests are resulted by various aetiology including respiratory cause. Advanced airway placement is an important prehospital intervention for oxygenation and ventilation in respiratory cardiac arrest. We evaluated the association between of advanced airway method and neurologic outcome in arrest with respiratory cause.Method: Adult witnessed non-traumatic OHCAs treated by emergency medical service (EMS) providers in 2013-2017 were enrolled in a nationwide OHCA database. The association between airway management methods (endotracheal intubation (ETI), supraglottic airway (SGA) and bag valve mask (BVM)) and outcome were evaluated according to the presumed cause of cardiac arrest (cardiac, respiratory or others). The primary outcome was good neurological recovery at discharge. Multivariable logistic regression models with interaction analysis was conducted.Result: Of 40,443 eligible OHCA patients, the cause of arrest of 90.0%, 7.5%, and 2.4% of patients were categorized as cardiac, respiratory and others, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the effect of the advanced airway type on good neurologic recovery in the total population (aOR 0.96 (0.81-1.14) for ETI; 1.01 (95% CI 0.93-1.11) for BVM). However, ETI was associated with better neurologic recovery than SGA or BVM in OHCA in cardiac arrest with suspected respiratory cause (aOR 3.12 (95% CI 1.24-7.80) for ETI; 0.99 (95% CI 0.51-1.91) for BVM).Conclusion: Prehospital ETI was associated with good neurologic outcome when the cause of arrest was respiratory. ETI may be considered initially when a respiratory cause is suspected on the scene.

Abstract 163: Type of Prehospital Airway Management Does Not Affect Chest X-Ray Abnormality in Resuscitated Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromichi Naito ◽  
Atsunori Nakao ◽  
Alexandra Weissman ◽  
Jonathan Elmer ◽  
Christian Martin-Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Supraglottic Airway ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Thoracic Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Prehospital Airway Management ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: Chest x-ray (CXR) abnormalities after cardiopulmonary resuscitation are common. Mechanisms by which these abnormalities develop are not fully elucidated, but aspiration of secretions and regurgitated gastric contents during prehospital airway management may be an important modifiable cause. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that endotracheal intubation (ETI) is associated with decreased incidence of CXR abnormalities after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), as compared to bag-valve-mask (BVM) or supraglottic airway (SGA) use. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review including resuscitated OHCA patients treated at a single academic medical center from 2010-2015. We included patients that had an initial CXR obtained within 66 hours of arrival. We excluded patients with tracheostomy, patients without positive pressure ventilation on emergency department (ED) arrival, or missing initial airway management data. We classified patients by airway management at the time of ED arrival into three groups: BVM, SGA, and ETI. Board certified thoracic imaging radiologists determined if there was any CXR abnormality, and if the observed abnormality was likely due to aspiration. The incidence of any abnormality and aspiration were compared between groups. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to adjust for baseline clinical characteristics. Results: Of the 766 subjects included in the study, 22 (3%) had BVM, 68 (9%) had SGA, and 676 (88%) had ETI. Most 58% were male, 34% had initial rhythm VF/VT, and 61% had a witnessed arrest. Any abnormality on CXR was identified in 543 (71%) cases, and likely aspiration was observed in 205 (27%) cases. Incidence of CXR abnormality was not significantly different between groups: BVM group 18/22 (82%), reference; SGA group 52/68 (76%), OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.13-4.31; ETI group 473/676 (70%), OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.16-4.01. Incidence of aspiration on CXR was also not different between groups: BVM group 6/22 (27%), reference; SGA group 19/68 (28%), OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.18-6.22; ETI group 180/676 (27%), OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.25-6.32. Conclusion: Prehospital airway management strategy for resuscitated OHCA patients was not associated with a significant difference in the incidence of any abnormality or aspiration on CXR.

Abstract 118: The Epidemiology of Airway Management Following Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Y Naim ◽  
Heather Griffis ◽  
Robert A Berg ◽  
Richard N Bradley ◽  
Matthew L Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Cerebral Performance Category ◽  
The United States ◽  
Supraglottic Airway ◽  
Shockable Rhythm ◽  
Advanced Airway ◽  
Bystander Cpr ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: Bag mask ventilation (BMV) has been associated with improved survival following out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), however advanced airway placement remains part of pre-hospital protocols for many emergency medical services (EMS) agencies. Hypothesis: To characterize airway management for pediatric OHCA and assess whether BMV alone vs. BMV plus advanced airway (supraglottic airway or tracheal intubation) is associated with neurologically favorable survival. Methods: Analysis of the Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival database. Inclusion criteria were age ≤ 18 years, non-traumatic OHCA from 2013 through 2017, resuscitated by EMS. To adjust for covariate imbalance, propensity score matching and entropy balancing were utilized; variables included age category, sex, bystander CPR, and shockable rhythm. The primary outcome was favorable neurologically favorable survival defined as a cerebral performance category scale of 1 or 2. Results: Of 5241 cardiac arrests, 2588 (49.3%) had BVM and 2653 (50.6%) had advanced airway placement. The majority 5118 (97.7%) were resuscitated by agencies using both BMV and advanced airways. Advanced airway placement was more common in older children compared to infants, arrests with bystander CPR, in white and Hispanic children, witnessed arrests, arrests with a shockable rhythm, and AED use (Table). Neurologically favorable survival was significantly higher with BMV compared to advanced airways in bivariate analysis (11.4% vs. 5.7%, p<0.001). In multivariable analysis, advanced airway placement was associated with lower neurologically favorable survival (adjusted proportion 4.9% vs. 13.5% BVM, OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.17, 0.28). These results were robust on propensity analysis 3.0% advanced airway vs.11.9% BMV (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.14, 0.25), and entropy balance 5.9% advanced airway, 15.0% for BMV (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.22). Conclusion: In pediatric OHCA, advanced airways are placed in half of cardiac arrests where resuscitation is attempted. Advanced airway, compared to BMV alone management, is associated with lower neurologically favorable survival.

Abstract 11045: Pre-Hospital Airway for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Nationwide Multicenter Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 144 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansol Chang ◽  
Jin Ho Choi ◽  
DAUN JEONG
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Cerebral Performance Category ◽  
Flow Time ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Supraglottic Airway ◽  
Mask Ventilation ◽  
Advanced Airway ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: This study investigated whether use of pre-hospital advanced airway management (AAM) is associated with improved survival of adults with out-of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) compared to conventional bag-valve-mask ventilation (BVM). Method: The study subjects were derived from Korean Cardiac Arrest Research Consortium (KoCARC), a multi-center OHCA registry of Korea. Patients who underwent AAM or BVM using supraglottic airway, oropharyngeal airway, or endotracheal intubation were compared. The differences in baseline clinical characteristics were adjusted using propensity scoring matching (PSM) or inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). The primary outcome was 30-day survival with neurologically favorable status of cerebral performance category ≤2. The outcome was also compared according to the duration of low-flow time. Results: Of 9,616 patients enrolled, (median age = 71, male sex = 65%) there were 7,583 AAM and 2,033 BVM patients. The unadjusted survival to with neurologically favorable status was lower in AAM compared to BVM (HR = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.20 - 1.34, p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference of survival to with neurologically favorable status between AAM and BVM after PSM or ITPW-adjusted comparisons (p>0.05, all). This finding was consistent irrespective of duration of low-flow time. Conclusion: In this nationwide real-world data of out-of hospital cardiac arrest study, prehospital advanced airway management compared to bag-and-mask ventilation did not result in an improved clinical outcome at 30 days.

scholarly journals The effect of video-instructed versus audio-instructed dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation on patient outcomes following out of hospital cardiac arrest in Seoul

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Soon Lee ◽  
Kicheol You ◽  
Jin Pyeong Jeon ◽  
Chulho Kim ◽  
Sungeun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Neurologic Outcome ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Video Instruction ◽  
Neurologic Recovery ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

AbstractWe aimed to investigate whether video-instructed dispatcher-assisted (DA)-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improved neurologic recovery and survival to discharge compared to audio-instructed DA-CPR in adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in a metropolitan city with sufficient experience and facilities. A retrospective cohort study was conducted for adult bystander-witnessed OHCA patients administered DA-CPR due to presumed cardiac etiology between January 1, 2018 and October 31, 2019 in Seoul, Korea. The primary and secondary outcomes were the differences in favorable neurologic outcome and survival to discharge rates in adult OHCA patients in the two instruction groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the outcome predictors after DA-CPR. A total of 2109 adult OHCA patients with DA-CPR were enrolled. Numbers of elderly patients in audio instruction and video instruction were 1260 (73.2%) and 214 (55.3%), respectively. Elderly patients and those outside the home or medical facility were more likely to receive video instruction. Favorable neurologic outcome was observed more in patients who received video-instructed DA-CPR (n = 75, 19.4%) than in patients who received audio-instructed DA-CPR (n = 117, 6.8%). The survival to discharge rate was also higher in video-instructed DA-CPR (n = 105, 27.1%) than in audio-instructed DA-CPR (n = 211, 12.3%). Video-instructed DA-CPR was significantly associated with neurologic recovery (aOR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.48–3.01) and survival to discharge (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.33–2.46) compared to audio-instructed DA-CPR in adult OHCA patients after adjusting for age, gender, underlying diseases and CPR location. Video-instructed DA-CPR was associated with favorable outcomes in adult patients with OHCA in a metropolitan city equipped with sufficient experience and facilities.

Abstract 168: Association Between Prehospital Advanced Airway Management for Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Survival

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Okubo ◽  
Sho Komukai ◽  
Junichi Izawa ◽  
Koichiro Gibo ◽  
Kosuke Kiyohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Advanced Airway ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Favorable Functional Outcome

Introduction: It is unclear whether prehospital advanced airway management (AAM: endotracheal intubation and supraglottic airway device placement) for pediatric patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) improves patient outcomes. Objective: To test the hypothesis that prehospital advanced airway management during pediatric OHCA is associated with patient outcomes. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a nationwide, prospective, population-based OHCA registry in Japan. We included pediatric patients (<18 years) with OHCA in whom emergency medical services (EMS) personnel resuscitated and transported to medical institutions during 2014 and 2015. The primary outcome was one-month survival. Secondary outcome was one-month survival with favorable functional outcome, defined as cerebral performance category score 1 or 2. Patients who received AAM during cardiopulmonary resuscitation by EMS personnel at any given minute were sequentially matched with patients at risk of receiving AAM within the same minutes based on time-dependent propensity score calculated from a competing risk regression model in which we treated prehospital return of spontaneous circulation as a competing risk event. Results: We included 2,548 patients; 1,017 (39.9%) were infants (<1 year), 839 (32.9%) were children (1 year to 12 years), and 692 (27.2%) were adolescents. Of the 2,548, included patients, 336 (13.2%) underwent prehospital AAM during cardiac arrest. In the time-dependent propensity score matched cohort (n = 642), there were no significant differences in one-month survival (AAM: 32/321 [10.0%] vs. no AAM: 27/321 [8.4%]; odds ratio, 1.33 [95% CI, 0.80 to 2.21]) and one-month survival with favorable functional outcome (AAM: 6/321 [1.9%] vs. no AAM: 5/321 [1.6%]; odds ratio, 1.48 [95% CI, 0.41 to 5.40]). Conclusions: Among pediatric patients with OHCA, we found no associations between prehospital AAM and favorable patient outcomes.

Abstract 284: Association of Neurological Outcome and Survival With Interventions by Bystander and Emergency Medical Service for Unwitnessed Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patient; Results From the JCS-ReSS Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chisato Okamoto ◽  
Yoshio Tahara ◽  
Atsushi Hirayama ◽  
Satoshi Yasuda ◽  
Teruo Noguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Emergency Medical Service ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Shockable Rhythm ◽  
Advanced Airway ◽  
Bystander Cpr ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: Although studies have shown that bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with better neurological prognosis, whether bystander and Emergency Medical Service (EMS) interventions are associated with prognosis in unwitnessed OHCA patients is not fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the prognostic importance of bystander and EMS interventions among unwitnessed OHCA patients in Japan. Methods and Results: This study was a nation-wide population-based observational study of OHCA in Japan from 2011 to 2015 based on data from the All-Japan Utstein Registry. The outcome measures were neurological outcome and survival at 30-day. The neurologically favorable outcome was defined as Glasgow-Pittsburgh cerebral performance category score 1 or 2. First, to investigate the effectiveness of bystander interventions, we included 105,655 unwitnessed cardiogenic OHCA patients (aged 18-80 years). Of these, 1,614 (1.5%) showed neurologically favorable outcome and 3,273 (3.1%) survived at 30-day. Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, geographical region, year and EMS response time showed that bystander CPR was associated with neurologically favorable outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.49, 95% CI 1.35-1.65, P<0.001). Additionally, to investigate the effectiveness of EMS interventions for patients with non-shockable rhythm, we examined 43,342 patients who were performed public CPR and had the initial rhythm of pulseless electrical activity (PEA) or asystole. Of these, 101 (0.2%) showed neurologically favorable outcome and 453 (1.0%) were survival at 30-day. Advanced airway management by EMS was negatively associated with neurologically favorable outcome (aOR 0.55, 95% CI 0.37-0.81, P=0.003) and administration of epinephrine by EMS was associated with survival (aOR 2.35, 95% CI 1.89-2.92, P<0.001). Conclusions: Among unwitnessed OHCA patients, bystander CPR was associated with neurologically favorable prognosis. For unwitnessed OHCA patients with non-shockable rhythm, epinephrine administration was associated with survival, but advanced airway management was negatively associated with neurological outcome.

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