Molecular evidence for a new dispersal route of inoculum source for Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in central and eastern China

A new species, Strobilomyces rubrobrunneus, is described from eastern China based on morphological and molecular evidence. Morphologically, this species is characterized by its tiny to small basidiomes, reddish-brown and more or less erect pyramidal scales, grayish black discoloration of the pileal context when bruised, reticulate spores and a subtropical distribution in a mixed forest of Fagaceae and Pinaceae. Our phylogenetic analyses based on four gene markers (rpb1, rpb2, tef1 and cox3) support its placement in Strobilomyces and its separation from other related species of this genus. Morphological illustrations and description are provided.

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Strobilomyces sculptus sp. nov. (Boletaceae) from eastern China with morphological and molecular evidence

Nova Hedwigia ◽

10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2019/0532 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 109 (1) ◽

pp. 111-120

Author(s):

Li-Hong Han ◽

Ting Guo ◽

Rui-Heng Yang ◽

Chao Liu ◽

Li-Zhou Tang

Keyword(s):

Eastern China ◽

Molecular Evidence

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Population Genetic Structure and the Migration of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Between the Gansu and Sichuan Basin Populations of China

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-03-15-0081-r ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 106 (2) ◽

pp. 192-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Junmin Liang ◽

Xiufeng Liu ◽

Yong Li ◽

Qiong Wan ◽

Zhanhong Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Population Genetic Structure ◽

Sichuan Basin ◽

Population Genetic ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Gansu Province ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Long Distance ◽

The Sichuan Basin ◽

Basin Area

Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is the causal pathogen of interregional epidemics of wheat stripe rust in China via long-distance migration. Gansu Province serves as putative inoculum center providing oversummering inoculum, while Sichuan Basin area serves as a region providing huge amounts of overwintering inoculum. Thus, the relationship between these two regions in population exchange and migration become important in prediction of interregional epidemics. In this study, we compared the population genetic structure and race composition between Gansu and Sichuan Basin populations to infer their migration relationships. A total of 526 isolates, spanning 3 years, were genotyped using eight pairs of amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, and a subset of 98 isolates were inoculated onto 19 Chinese differentials to perform the race analysis. Twenty-three common races and 26 shared genotypes supplied molecular evidence for migration between Gansu and Sichuan Basin populations. Bayesian assignment and principal component analysis revealed that the genetic group assignment of the Sichuan Basin populations (10SB and 11SB) changed in the spring to align with the fall Gansu populations in the prior seasons (09GS and 10GS), which indicated an asymmetric migration from Gansu Province to the Sichuan Basin area. The linkage disequilibrium and the parsimony tree length permutation test revealed a strong annual recombination signal in the Gansu populations and an inconsistent signal in the Sichuan Basin populations.

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Genetic diversity and population structure of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici reveal its migration from central to eastern China

Crop Protection ◽

10.1016/j.cropro.2019.104974 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 128 ◽

pp. 104974

Author(s):

Cuicui Wang ◽

Leifu Li ◽

Bingbing Jiang ◽

Keyu Zhang ◽

Bingyao Chu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Eastern China

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Genetic diversity in Puccinia striiformis Westend. f.sp. tritici revealed by pathogen genome-specific repetitive sequence

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b98-035 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 587-595 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Wei-xing Shan ◽

Shou-yi Chen ◽

Zhen-sheng Kang ◽

Li-ren Wu ◽

Zhen-qi Li

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Dna Fingerprinting ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Phenotypic Diversity ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Polymorphism Analysis ◽

Dna Fingerprints ◽

High Level ◽

Virulence Variation

DNA fingerprinting was used to examine genetic variation in populations of Puccinia striiformis Westend. f.sp. tritici, an obligate fungus that causes wheat stripe rust, using as a probe a moderately repetitive DNA sequence PSR331 that shows species specificity in the genome of this pathogen. One hundred and sixty isolates sampled from six provinces throughout China were examined for genetic variation over 26 putative genetic loci defined by PSR331 and the restriction enzyme BglII. Because of the dikaryotic nature of this fungus, DNA fingerprints can not differentiate heterozygotes from homozygotes. We refer to the PSR DNA fingerprints as phenotypes rather than genotypes. Phenotypic diversity analysis revealed a high level of genetic variation. A total of 97 phenotypes was detected among 160 isolates. Phenotypic diversity varied among regions, ranging from 0.3742 in Shaanxi to 0.9380 in Gansu, as calculated with the normalized Shannon's index. Genetic subdivision analysis revealed a low level of genetic differentiation (GST = 0.0084) among regions (Gansu, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan provinces) as well as within regions (Gansu and Sichuan provinces). This, together with the detection of the same phenotypes among regions, provided the molecular evidence for gene flow in P. striiformis f.sp. tritici. The results support conclusions from virulence surveys that Tianshui of southern Gansu is probably the most important "hotspot" area with respect to the potential to generate and maintain virulence variation. DNA polymorphism analysis also detected potential hotspot areas in addition to southern Gansu. This may result in more difficulties in management of genetic variation and thus the potential virulence variation in P. striiformis f.sp. tritici as well as providing opportunities for searching disease resistance factors.Key words: genetic diversity, Puccinia striiformis, DNA fingerprinting, virulence variation.

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Genetic Analysis Reveals Relationships Among Populations of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici from the Longnan, Longdong and Central Shaanxi Regions of China

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-07-20-0312-r ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Conghao Wang ◽

Yuxiang Li ◽

Baotong Wang ◽

Xiaoping Hu

Keyword(s):

Stripe Rust ◽

Somatic Hybridization ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Eastern China ◽

Gansu Province ◽

The West ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Geographical Distances ◽

Epidemic Development ◽

Growing Region

Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (PST), is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. In China, Longnan (LN) and Longdong (LD), in the south and east of Gansu province, are important PST over-summering areas and are a source of PST inoculum for the major wheat-growing regions in eastern China. Central Shaanxi (CS) is a wheat-growing region that acts as an important bridge zone for stripe rust epidemic development between LN and LD in the west, and the Huanghuai wheat-growing region in the east, and thus plays an essential role in PST epidemics in China. To study the relationships among PST populations in the three regions (LN, LD and CS), we sampled 284 isolates from different geographic locations. Based on 10 SSR markers, the results demonstrated high genetic diversity in all three regions although diversity did vary between region with LN > LD > CS. Genetic differentiation was lower with more extensive gene flow between LD and CS. PST populations in the CS region were genetically closer to those from LD than from LN, which may be due to geographical proximity and topography. A positive and significant correlation existed between linearized FST and the log of geographical distances among all subpopulations. Linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that subpopulations of PST from Qinzhou, Qincheng, Beidao, and Maiji from LN, and Qianyang and Longxian from CS were in equilibrium (P > 0.05), suggesting somatic hybridization and/or sexual reproduction may exist in these subpopulations.

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Race Composition of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in Tibet, China

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-10-11-0884-re ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 96 (11) ◽

pp. 1615-1620 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Xiaoping Hu ◽

Jiaojiao Li ◽

Yating Wang ◽

Baotong Wang ◽

Qiang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Wheat Stripe Rust ◽

Inoculum Source ◽

Rust Pathogen ◽

Fungal Populations ◽

Standard Set ◽

New Races

In Tibet, China, wheat stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) has recently become one of the most destructive diseases on winter wheat. To identify races of the pathogen in Tibet, 261 isolates were obtained in 2010 and tested on seedlings of a standard set of 19 wheat indicator genotypes. Of the 261 isolates, 248 were identified as members of 19 known races (CYR17, CYR20, CYR21, CYR22, CYR23, CYR29, CYR31, CYR32, CYR33, Lov13-6, Su11-1, Su11-2, Su11-3, Su11-4, Su11-5, Su11-6, Su11-7, Su11-8, and Su11-13), and 13 identified as representatives of 4 new races. CYR32 and CYR33 were the most predominant. The number of races and their frequencies in Tibet were more similar to the fungal populations in Sichuan and Gansu provinces than to those in Yunnan, Qinghai, and Shaanxi provinces. The results suggest that Tibet is also a possible center of inoculum source and genetic variation for the stripe rust pathogen in addition to Sichuan and Gansu.

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Direct molecular evidence for the expression of the 5-HT4 receptor in rat colonocytes

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)80847-7 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A171-A171

Author(s):

M STONER ◽

D YAGER ◽

J KELLUM

Keyword(s):

Molecular Evidence

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Review for "Geochemical characteristics and geological significance of Daohugou Formation at Ningcheng County of Inner Mongolia, Eastern China"

10.1002/gj.4050/v1/review1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Inner Mongolia ◽

Eastern China ◽

Geochemical Characteristics ◽

Geological Significance

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A new species of Contomastix (Squamata, Teiidae) supported by total evidence, with remarks on diagnostic characters defining the genus

Herpetological Journal ◽

10.33256/hj29.1.2336 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 23-36

Author(s):

Mario. R. Cabrera

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Total Evidence ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Proximal Margin ◽

Diagnostic Characters ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

A New Species ◽

Molecular Characters

Formerly Cnemidophorus was thought to be the most speciose genus of Teiidae. This genus comprised four morphological groups that were later defined as four different genera, Ameivula, Aurivela, Cnemidophorus and Contomastix. The last appears as paraphyletic in a recent phylogenetic reconstruction based on morphology, but monophyletic in a reconstruction using molecular characters. Six species are allocated to Contomastix. One of them, C. lacertoides, having an extensive and disjunct geographic distribution in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. Preliminary analyses revealed morphological differences among its populations, suggesting that it is actually a complex of species. Here, we describe a new species corresponding to the Argentinian populations hitherto regarded as C. lacertoides, by integrating morphological and molecular evidence. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the presence of notched proximal margin of the tongue is a character that defines the genus Contomastix.

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