scholarly journals Effects of human activity on the habitat utilization of Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana) in Zoige wetland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuailing Zhou ◽  
Ali Krzton ◽  
Shuai Gao ◽  
Cheng Guo ◽  
Zuofu Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Habitat Utilization ◽  
The Road ◽  
Multiple Strategies ◽  
Utilization Patterns ◽  
Zoige Wetland ◽  
Disturbed Habitats ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Himalayan Marmot

Human activity is increasingly and persistently disturbing nature and wild animals. Affected wildlife adopts multiple strategies to deal with different human influences. To explore the effect of human activity on habitat utilization of Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana), habitat utilization patterns of three neighboring marmot populations in habitats affected differently by human activities were recorded and compared. We found that: (1) Distance between reproductive burrows (a represent of reproductive pairs) becomes shorter under the influence of human activities, and more burrows were dug as temporary shelters, resulting in a shorter distance between those shelters as well as shorter distance flee to those shelters, and consequently, shorter flight initiation distance when threatened. More burrows that are closer in the disturbed habitats improve the ability to escape from threats. (2) Reproductive burrow site selection of the species is determined by the availability of mounds in the habitat, and breeding pairs selectively build reproductive (also the hibernation) burrows on mounds, potentially to improve surveillance when basking and the drainage of burrows. Human activities generally drive breeding pairs away from the road to dig their reproductive burrows likely to reduce disturbance from vehicles. However, even heavy human activity exerts no pressure on the distance of reproductive burrows from the road or the mound volume of the high disturbance population, potentially because mounds are the best burrowing site to reproduce and hibernate in the habitat. Marmots deal with disturbance by digging more burrows in the habitat to flee more effectively and building reproductive burrows on mounds to gain better vigilance and drainage efficiency.

scholarly journals FENOMENA BUDAYA KONSUMERISME PRAKTIS DALAM PERSPEKTF DESAIN PRODUK. (FURNITURE

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Boike Janus Anshory
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
School Organization ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Trade School ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Selection Of

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>In the modern era and the development of technology today, there is a tendency of human activity that are faced with the practical cultural phenomenon in the sense of many human activities are permitted to make ends meet. Human activity will be smooth if it is complemented by the completeness of the activities referred to as "Product". Along with the dense community activities and also the traffic situation, especially in urban areas and as well as the lifestyle of consumerism today, in general, people will think and decide on a purpose / desire him to be practical and fast in determining the specific product. There are a variety of needs and human activities, such as trade/ school / organization / health/ government and so on, of course, will require a product of furniture as the main products to complement the activity within a building. A wide variety of product design and selection of furniture offered by some conventional and modern retail stores, consumers will be free to pick and choose the products that will be purchased in accordance with the visual perception and price instantly</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Dalam era modern dan perkembangan teknologi saat ini, terdapat kecenderungan aktivitas manusia yang dihadapkan pada fenomena budaya praktis yang dalam arti aktivitas manusia banyak dimudahkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Aktivitas manusia akan menjadi lancar jika dilengkapi oleh kelengkapan aktivitas yang disebut sebagai “<em>Product”</em>. Seiring dengan padatnya aktivitas masyarakat dan juga situasi lalu lintas khususnya di daerah perkotaan dan seiring pula dengan gaya hidup konsumerisme saat ini, pada umumnya masyarakat akan berpikir dan memutuskan suatu tujuan/keinginan yang arahnya bersifat praktis dan cepat di dalam menentukan produk tertentu. Kita mengetahui adaberagam kebutuhan dan aktivitas masyarakat, seperti berdagang/ sekolah/organisasi/kesehatan/ pemerintahan dan sebagainya, tentunya aktivitas tersebut akan membutuhkan suatu <em>product furniture</em>sebagai produk utama untuk melengkapi aktivitas di dalam suatu bangunan. Banyak ragam dan pilihan <em>designproduct furniture</em> yang ditawarkan oleh beberapa toko retail konvensional danmodern, konsumen akan leluasa untuk memilih dan menentukan produk yang akan dibeli sesuai dengan persepsi visual dan harga secara instan</p>

scholarly journals Hidden in plain sight: detectability and habitat selection of the central plateau dusky rattlesnake in anthropized landscapes

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Leroy Soria-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Landscape Change ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Central Plateau ◽  
The World ◽  
Selection Of

Human activities have caused several changes in biotic communities all over the world. Some species maintain viable populations in altered environments through different adaptations, however, knowledge in this regard is scarce for certaintaxa, including reptiles. We analysed the detectability and habitat selection of the rattlesnake Crotalus triseriatus to contribute to our knowledge about how this species responds to anthropogenic landscape change. Rattlesnakes were monitored for two years in two anthropized landscapes using visual encounter surveys. We analysed detectability in relation to climatic factors and human activity, and habitat selection was analysed in native and non-native vegetation. Our study shows that detectability of C. triseriatus is differentially affected in anthropized landscapes; human activity may be determinant in landscapes such as agricultural fields, whilst climatic factors may be determinant in landscapes where people are less active such as the protected areas within urban parks. The analyses of habitat selection shows that native vegetation is crucial for the persistence of C. triseriatus in the studied landscapes. Several strategies may allow rattlesnakes to persist in different anthropized landscapes; nonetheless, native habitat remnants should be protected in anthropized areas to conserve wildlife.

Burrowing and Anti-Predator Requirements Determine the Microhabitat Selection of Himalayan Marmot in Zoige Wetland

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Guo ◽  
Shuai Gao ◽  
Shuailing Zhou ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
Zuofu Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Microhabitat Selection ◽  
Zoige Wetland ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Himalayan Marmot

scholarly journals The use of cement concrete pavements for roads, depending on climatic conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Iryna Solonenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Road Network ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Rational Selection ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

The development of road network infrastructure is an important component of the economic development of the European Union. Updating of the road network contributes to the integration of the economies of countries into a coherent whole. The road network provides the free movement of citizens, the movement of goods and the effective implementation of various services. The increase in the length of the road network leads to an increase in the financial and material costs necessary to ensure its maintenance and repair. One of the ways to reduce costs is by strengthening the physic-mechanical and operational characteristics of the pavement due to the widespread use of cement concrete. The quality of the pavement of cement concrete depends largely on the rational selection of its composition. This allows a significant increase in the durability of road pavement. The purpose of the research was: the development of recommendations for the rational selection of the composition of the road pavement material of cement concrete, aimed at upgrading longevity, and taking into account its frost resistance grade. According to the goal, the following tasks were developed: the analyses of the climatic zones in which the road network of the European Union is located; the development of a research plan, a selection of the response function and influence factors; the study of physico-mechanical and operational characteristics of the researched material of road pavement; on the basis of the obtained data, the calculation of the complex of experimental-statistical models, which describe the physico-mechanical and operational characteristics of the road pavement material; on the basis of experimental statistical models, a method was proposed for selecting the rational compositions of the cement concrete pavement road material depending on the conditions of its application. The results presented in the article can be used in engineering and scientific practice for the selection of road pavement from cement concrete for highways.

scholarly journals Circular Economy Strategies for Equipment Lifetime Extension: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1117
Author(s):  
Alessandro Fontana ◽  
Andrea Barni ◽  
Deborah Leone ◽  
Maurizio Spirito ◽  
Agata Tringale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Multiple Strategies ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Equipment Lifetime ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Lifetime Extension

Even if the economy nowadays is still locked into a linear model of production, tighter environmental standards, resource scarcity and changing consumer expectations are forcing organizations to find alternatives to lighten their impacts. The concept of Circular Economy (CE) is to an increasing extent treated as a solution to this series of challenges. That said, the multitude of approaches and definitions around CE and Life Cycle Extension Strategies (LCES) makes it difficult to provide (Small and Medium Enterprise) SMEs with a consistent understanding of the topic. This paper aims at bridging this gap by providing a systematic literature review of the most prominent papers related to the CE and lifetime extension, with a particular focus on the equipment and machinery sector. A taxonomy was used to define and cluster a subset of selected papers to build a homogeneous approach for understanding the multiple strategies used in the industry, and the standards in maintenance and remanufacturing strategies. As a final research step, we also propose a Strategy Characterization Framework (SCF) to build the ground for the selection of the best strategy to be applied for production equipment life cycle extension on several industrial use cases.

scholarly journals Facing metal stress by multiple strategies: morphophysiological responses of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) grown in hydroponics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Sorrentino ◽  
Fiore Capozzi ◽  
Chiara Amitrano ◽  
Gaetano De Tommaso ◽  
Carmen Arena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Cynara Cardunculus ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Multiple Strategies ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment Content ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe contamination of environments by heavy metals has become an urgent issue causing undesirable accumulations and severe damages to agricultural crops, especially cadmium and lead which are among the most widespread and dangerous metal pollutants worldwide. The selection of proper species is a crucial step in many plant-based restoration approaches; therefore, the aim of the present work was to check for early morphophysiological responsive traits in three cultivars of Cynara cardunculus (Sardo, Siciliano, and Spagnolo), helping to select the best performing cultivar for phytoremediation. For all three tested cultivars, our results indicate that cardoon displays some morphophysiological traits to face Cd and Pb pollution, particularly at the root morphology level, element uptake ability, and photosynthetic pigment content. Other traits show instead a cultivar-specific behavior; in fact, stomata plasticity, photosynthetic pattern, and antioxidant power provide different responses, but only Spagnolo cv. achieves a successful strategy attaining a real resilience to metal stress. The capacity of Spagnolo plants to modify leaf structural and physiological traits under heavy metal contamination to maintain high photosynthetic efficiency should be considered an elective trait for its use in contaminated environments.

FPGA and ASIC implementation of the algorithm for traffic monitoring in urban areas

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Szczepański ◽  
M. Wöjcikowski ◽  
B. Pankiewicz ◽  
M. KŁosowski ◽  
R. Żaglewski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Monitoring ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Integrated Sensor ◽  
The Road ◽  
Moving Vehicles ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Account Due ◽  
Selection Of

FPGA and ASIC implementation of the algorithm for traffic monitoring in urban areas This paper describes the idea and the implementation of the image detection algorithm, that can be used in integrated sensor networks for environment and traffic monitoring in urban areas. The algorithm is dedicated to the extraction of moving vehicles from real-time camera images for the evaluation of traffic parameters, such as the number of vehicles, their direction of movement and their approximate speed. The authors, apart from the careful selection of particular steps of the algorithm towards hardware implementation, also proposed novel improvements, resulting in increasing the robustness and the efficiency. A single, stationary, monochrome camera is used, simple shadow and highlight elimination is performed. The occlusions are not taken into account, due to placing the camera at a location high above the road. The algorithm is designed and implemented in pipelined hardware, therefore high frame-rate efficiency has been achieved. The algorithm has been implemented and tested in FPGA and ASIC.

Biological invasions: are they dependent on disturbance?

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Lozon ◽  
H J MacIsaac
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Exotic Animals ◽  
Introduced Plants ◽  
Disturbed Habitats

We utilize literature surveys to examine the relationship between establishment of exotic species and human or natural disturbances of ecosystems. Of the 133 papers published in 10 ecological journals between 1993 and 1995, 63 reported on field studies involving 299 and 103 successful, nonredundant plant and animal introductions, respectively. Invasions of terrestrial ecosystems dominated (>>97%) the surveyed literature. Disturbance was associated with establishment of exotic species in 56% of these studies, though its importance differed among papers describing plants (68%) and animals (28%). Plants species (86%) were significantly more dependent on disturbance for establishment than were animals (12%). However, animals and plants that were dependent on disturbance for establishment were almost equally dependent (58 versus 68%) on it for range expansion. In a second survey, 402 plant and 103 animal taxa were identified that explicitly linked establishment of exotic species to disturbance. Human activities were attributed with establishment of species in 97 and 57% of these cases, respectively. Common mechanisms associated with establishment of exotic animals included ballast water discharge, intentional releases, and residential development. Establishment of exotic plants was associated with animal activities (e.g., grazing, seed introduction), soil disturbance, forestry, fire, agriculture, and human activities. In contrast to invasions theory, our survey indicates that the association between establishment and spread of exotic species and disturbance ought not be assumed a priori. Some animals repeatedly invade new habitats once geographic barriers are circumvented, indicating that communities may be more receptive to exotic species than previously acknowledged. By contrast, introduced plants established most often in disturbed habitats.

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