scholarly journals Modeling, Control and Placement of FACTS Devices: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-733
Author(s):  
Ayesha Haroon ◽  
Irfan Shafqat Javed ◽  
Huma Rehmat Baig ◽  
Ali Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Reactive Power Compensation ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Power Electronic Converters ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Facts Devices

Over the past two decades, developing distributed energy sources in electric power grid have created new challenges related to the power quality, voltage adjustment and proficient energy utilization. Power electronic converters are widely used to interface the emerging energy systems (without and with energy storage) and smart buildings with the transmission and distribution systems. Flexible Ac Transmission Systems (FACTS) and Voltage-Source Converters (VSC), with smart dynamic controllers, are emerging as stabilization and power filtering equipment to improve the power quality. FACTS devices are of vital significance for tackling the problem of voltage instability which is inevitable and leads to losses in transmission system networks. These devices provide fast voltage regulation, ensure system stability and reactive power compensation. In this regard, modeling, control and appropriate placement of these devices in the transmission lines have been of great importance for researchers of power transmission systems. By using high speed power electronic converters, FACTS perform many times faster than the conventional compensation techniques. FACTS not only provide fast voltage regulation but also damping of active power oscillations and reactive power compensation. Hence, they increase the availability and reliability of the power systems. But, the functioning of a FACTS device extremely reckons upon its parametric quantity, appropriate placement, and sizing in the power network. In this paper, an extensive literature survey is presented to discuss and investigate these parameters of FACTS devices.

scholarly journals MODELING AND SIMULATION OF STATCOM FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-229
Author(s):  
Ch. Umamaheswararao, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Reactive Power Compensation ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Inductive Load ◽  
Linear Load ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Wide Range

In power system, reactive power compensation is one of the important action to maintain better voltage profile, stability and decrease losses. STATCOM is feasible in terms of cost effective in wide range of problem solving capabilities among all Flexible AC Transmission system (FACTS) in both transmission and distribution levels. In this paper the synchronous rotating frame theory algorithm is used since it is easy to implement i.e. the rotating three phase quantities are converted into stationary components. So it requires less number of PI controllers and also calculations on the stationary quantities are easy than to do calculations on instantaneous quantities and the modeling of STATCOM is done.  This project focuses on improvement of power quality in a three phase three wire system with a non-linear load i.e., three phase bridge rectifier and a parallel inductive load. Some power quality aspects like reactive power compensation of linear load, better Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) performance and the power factor improvement are achieved. The result shows the THD of input current achieved as per the IEEE 519-1992 standard. It is observed that STATCOM gives effective compensation for reactive power variation and hence the power quality of distribution systems improved.

scholarly journals Voltage Profile Improvement with Combined UPFC and IPFC Facts Devices: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Violet Kaswii ◽  
Michael Juma Saulo
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Control ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Facts Devices ◽  
Flow Controller ◽  
Power Flow Controller

The interline power flow controller (IPFC) and the unified power flow controller (UPFC) are both advanced types of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS). These devices can provide the power system with control of voltage, and that of real and reactive power. This paper reviews the literature on UPFC and IPFC FACTS devices in voltage control and covers two main areas of research (i) voltage control using FACTS devices, and (ii) UPFCs / IPFCs and their applications in power systems. FACTs devices are applied in modern power system networks for the purpose of voltage control while at the same time providing enhanced power system stability. Research has shown that their benefits in the long run outweighs their high cost especially when they are optimally sized and located in the power network. Moreover, in the planning of power transmission systems, a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique can help in the incorporation of both the costs and technical viability. This approach provides techno-economic optimization and at the same time meeting environmental criteria.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of Novel Multi-Converter-Based Unified Power Quality Conditioner for Low-Voltage High-Current Distribution System

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Kangli Liu ◽  
Sen Zhang ◽  
Jianfeng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
High Current ◽  
Unified Power Quality Conditioner ◽  
Power Quality Conditioner

This paper introduces a novel multi-converter-based unified power quality conditioner (MCB-UPQC). Three optimization methods are proposed based on the traditional UPQC: (1) The shunt converter is substituted with multi-modular parallel converters. Hence, the reactive power and harmonic currents can be increased greatly, which are suitable for low-voltage high-current distribution systems. (2) The series converters consist of three H-bridge inverters, and each of the H-bridge inverters is controlled separately. The control strategy is easier to achieve and can improve the control performance of voltage regulation under unbalanced voltage sag or swell. (3) A three-phase four-leg (3P4L) converter is connected to the common DC bus of the proposed UPQC to connect the renewable energy and energy storage system. The detailed mathematical models of shunt and series converters are analyzed, respectively. A multi-proportional resonant (PR) controller is presented in the voltage regulation and reactive power compensation control algorithms. The simulation results verify the feasibility of the control algorithms. Finally, the experimental platform is established, and the experimental results are presented to verify the validity and superiority of the proposed topology and algorithms.

scholarly journals Hybrid Power Electronic Transformer Model for System-Level Benefits Quantification in Energy Distribution Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Prystupczuk ◽  
Valentín Rigoni ◽  
Alireza Nouri ◽  
Ramy Ali ◽  
Andrew Keane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
System Level ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Electronic Transformer ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Power Electronic Transformer ◽  
Power Electronic Converter

The Hybrid Power Electronic Transformer (HPET) has been proposed as an efficient and economical solution to some of the problems caused by Distributed Energy Resources and new types of loads in existing AC distribution systems. Despite this, the HPET has some limitations on the control it can exert due to its fractionally-rated Power Electronic Converter. Various HPET topologies with different capabilities have been proposed, being necessary to investigate the system benefits that they might provide in possible future scenarios. Adequate HPET models are needed in order to conduct such system-level studies, which are still not covered in the current literature. Consequently, this article presents a methodology to develop power flow models of HPET that facilitate the quantification of controllability requirements for voltage, active power and reactive power. A particular HPET topology composed of a three-phase three-winding Low-Frequency Transformer coupled with a Back-to-Back converter is modeled as an example. The losses in the Back-to-Back converter are represented through efficiency curves that are assigned individually to the two modules. The model performance is illustrated through various power flow simulations that independently quantify voltage regulation and reactive power compensation capabilities for different power ratings of the Power Electronic Converter. In addition, a set of daily simulations were conducted with the HPET supplying a real distribution network modeled in OpenDSS. The results show the HPET losses to be around 1.3 times higher than the conventional transformer losses over the course of the day. The proposed methodology offers enough flexibility to investigate different HPET features, such as power ratings of the Power Electronic Converter, losses, and various strategies for the controlled variables. The contribution of this work is to provide a useful tool that can not only assess and quantify some of the system-level benefits that the HPET can provide, but also allow a network-tailored design of HPETs. The presented model along with the simulation platform were made publicly available.

Enhancement of Power Quality by an Application FACTS Devices

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Flexible Ac Transmission ◽  
Facts Devices ◽  
Ac Transmission ◽  
Series Capacitor

<p>The paper narrates widespread use of electrical energy by modern civilization has necessitated producing bulk electrical energy economically and efficiently. The Flexible AC Transmission system (FACTS) is a new technology based on power electronics, which offers an opportunity to enhance controllability, stability, and power transfer capability of AC transmission systems. Here SVC has been developed with the combination of TCSC and TCR. The paper contains simulation models of Thyristor controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) and Thyristor controlled Reactor (TCR)-based Static VAR Compensator (SVC) which are the series and shunt Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices. The fact devices are designed by considering the line losses and their stability. The design and simulations of TCSC and TCR-based SVC shows the effectiveness of result using the MATLAB/Simulink. The designed system will try to reduce the voltage drops and electrical losses in the network without the possibility of transient especially in case of long transmission system. Student feedback indicates that this package is user-friendly and considerably effective for students and researchers to study theory of controlled reactor compensators, series capacitor compensator, and the reactive power control and voltage regulation..</p>

scholarly journals Transient stability enhancement of statcom integration in power grid

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
I. A Ethmane ◽  
A.K. Mahmoud ◽  
M. Maaroufi ◽  
A. Yahfdhou
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Transient Stability ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Power Flow Analysis ◽  
Facts Devices

T<span>o solve load growth of a hybrid existing electrical system, we at first build generation stations (wind, solar or thermical). And secondly in 2025 year, when the system is so meshed, some buses will be very far from production energy, the transits power will be lower than the transmission capacity, and the voltage drop out margin limit of stability. Therefore it is proposed to install Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices to enhance the transient power stability and quality in the power system. The power flow analysis of Newton Raphson method is performed on a seven (7) bus system with and without static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). The STATCOM is a shunt connected FACTS devices that are useful for reactive power compensation and mitigation of power quality problems in transmission and distribution systems. These investigations indicate the need of power flow analysis and determine best locations of STATCOM on the proposed system. The results of simulation have been programmed in MATLAB and PSS/E Simulator. In the end the expected disturbances and the power quality enhancement of the network in the horizon 2025 were attenuated by integration of STATCOM that is able to supply or absorb reactive power and to maintain the voltage at 1pu.</span>

scholarly journals Performance analysis of facts devices for reduction of power quality issues in DFIG based WECS integrated to grid

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.29) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
M Rama Sekhar Reddy ◽  
Dr M. Vijaya Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Voltage Sags ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
End User ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Facts Devices

Integration of a wind farm with electric grid is an issue that has gained interest due to poor power quality and unmatched power and frequency of grid. Maintenance of power quality has become an important factor in modern power systems. The usage of non-linear loads results in various power quality events which over a period would reduce life and deteriorate the performance of end user equipment. FACTS devices are available that use power electronic components provide efficient solutions for improving power quality in Distribution systems. This paper discusses performance of three FACTS devices SSSC, DSTATCOM and UPQC for mitigating voltage sags, swells and harmonics injected into a DFIG based WECS. The model is developed on MATLAB/ SIMULINK platform and results are presented.  

Star/Hexagon Transformer Based Three-Phase Four-Wire DSTATCOM for Power Quality Improvement

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhim Singh ◽  
Jayaprakash Pychadathil ◽  
Dwarkadas Pralhaddas Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Voltage Source Converter ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Power Quality Improvement

A new topology of DSTATCOM (distribution static compensator) is proposed for power quality improvement in three-phase four-wire distribution systems. A three-leg VSC (Voltage Source Converter) is integrated with a star/hexagon transformer for the compensation of reactive power for voltage regulation or for power factor correction along with load balancing, elimination of harmonics currents and neutral current compensation. The star/hexagon connected transformer provides a path to the zero sequence current in a three-phase four-wire distribution system. In order to optimize the voltage rating of the VSC, the star/hexagon transformer is designed to have a suitable voltage rating for the secondary windings for integrating the three-leg VSC. This transformer connection provides the selection of 'off the shelf' VSC for this application and it also provides isolation for the VSC system. The performance of the proposed DSTATCOM system is validated through simulations using MATLAB software with its Simulink and Power System Block set (PSB) toolboxes.

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