scholarly journals Utilization of Solid Waste from Sago Flour Industry (Sago Pith Waste) as Biodegradable Plastic

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Sago Pith Waste

scholarly journals Optimasi Penambahan Gliserol sebagai Plasticizer pada Sintesis Plastik Biodegradable dari Limbah Nata de Coco dengan Metode Inversi Fasa

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Claudia Candra Setyaningrum ◽  
Kholisoh Hayati ◽  
Siti Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Universal Testing

Limbah nata de coco merupakan nata yang tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai produk setelah proses sortasi sehingga menghasilkan limbah padat dan jarang dimanfaatkan. Kandungan selulosa pada limbah padat nata de coco sebesar 42,57%. Tujuan penelitian ini membuat plastik biodegradable dengan hasil limbah nata de coco dengan penambahan plasticizer. Metode yang digunakan pada pembuatan plastik biodegradable ini adalah metode inversi fasa dengan variasi berat selulosa 2%; 2,5%; dan 3% (b/v), variasi volume gliserol sebesar 2%, 3%, dan 5% (v/v), dan penambahan kitosan sebagai penguat. Karakteristik pastik biodegradable diuji menggunakan UTM (Universal Testing Machine) dan FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Plastik biodegradable yang dihasilkan dari berbagai perbandingan berat selulosa dan volume gliserol memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda. Plastik biodegradable dengan karakteristik optimal memiliki nilai kuat tarik optimal sebesar 4,34 MPa, nilai elongasi optimal sebesar 4,44% dan nilai ketahanan air optimal sebesar 65,20%. Pada analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR menunjukkan tidak ditemukan adanya gugus fungsi baru dalam plastik biodegradable selain gugus fungsi bahan pembentuknya. Pada uji biodegradabilitas, diperoleh nilai biodegradabilitas sebesar 80% – 100% setelah ditimbun di dalam tanah selama 14 hari.Nata de coco waste is nata that cannot be used as a product after the sorting process so that it produces solid waste and is rarely utilized. The cellulose content in nata de coco solid waste is 42.57%, the purpose of this study is to make biodegradable plastic with the results of nata de coco waste by adding plasticizers. The method used in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics is the phase inversion method with cellulose weight variation; 2%; 2.5%; and 3% (w / v), variations in the volume of glycerol by 2%, 3%, and 5% (v/v), and the addition of chitosan as an amplifier. The biodegradable plastic characteristics were tested using UTM (Universal Testing Machine) and FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Biodegradable plastics that are produced from various weight cellulose and glycerol volume ratios have different characteristics. Biodegradable plastic with optimal characteristics has an optimal tensile strength value of 4.34 MPa, optimal elongation value of 4.44% and an optimal water resistance value of 65.20%. In the analysis of functional groups (FTIR) no new functional groups were found in biodegradable plastics in addition to the functional groups forming materials. In the biodegradability test, a biodegradability value of 80% - 100% is obtained after being buried in the ground for 14 days.

The Role of Biodegradable Plastic in Solving Plastic Solid Waste Accumulation

2019 ◽  
pp. 469-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.S. Dilkes-Hoffman ◽  
S. Pratt ◽  
P.A. Lant ◽  
B. Laycock
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Waste Accumulation

Polymer-Starch Blend Biodegradable Plastics: An Overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainatul Mardhiah Mohd Amin ◽  
Suhaila Mohd Sauid ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Severe Effect ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Paper Review ◽  
End Use

The low degradability behaviour of plastics is an important environmental problem. The end-use of plastic creates waste-disposal problems as these plastics do not readily or naturally degrade and gives severe effect when plastic-waste requires more time to break down. However, as the bio-polymer industries have advanced, biodegradable plastic is being presented as a high promising solution to the environmental problem over the conventional non-biodegradable plastics. As one of the great innovation products in bio-polymer industries, biodegradable plastic can potentially lessen the volume of solid waste and reduce the need for waste dumping sites. Whilst, biodegradable plastic also offers the outstanding properties to resist the brittleness and resistance towards heat. This paper review the potential of biodegradable plastics made from petrochemical-polymers blended with starch, including polyethylene (PE), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

A Review : Sustainability from Waste

2019 ◽  
pp. 134-155
Author(s):  
Kriti Jain ◽  
Chirag Shah
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Waste Segregation ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Engineered Landfill

The increasing volume and complexity of waste associated with the modern economy as due to the ranging population, is posing a serious risk to ecosystems and human health. Every year, an estimated 11.2 billion tonnes of solid waste is collected worldwide and decay of the organic proportion of solid waste is contributing about 5 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions (UNEP). Poor waste management - ranging from non-existing collection systems to ineffective disposal causes air pollution, water and soil contamination. Open and unsanitary landfills contribute to contamination of drinking water and can cause infection and transmit diseases. The dispersal of debris pollutes ecosystems and dangerous substances from waste or garbage puts a strain on the health of urban dwellers and the environment. India, being second most populated country of the world that too with the lesser land area comparatively, faces major environmental challenges associated with waste generation and inadequate waste collection, transport, treatment and disposal. Population explosion, coupled with improved life style of people, results in increased generation of solid wastes in urban as well as rural areas of the country. The challenges and barriers are significant, but so are the opportunities. A priority is to move from reliance on waste dumps that offer no environmental protection, to waste management systems that retain useful resources within the economy [2]. Waste segregation at source and use of specialized waste processing facilities to separate recyclable materials has a key role. Disposal of residual waste after extraction of material resources needs engineered landfill sites and/or investment in waste-to-energy facilities. This study focusses on the minimization of the waste and gives the brief about the various initiations for proper waste management system. Hence moving towards the alternatives is the way to deal with these basic problems. This paper outlines various advances in the area of waste management. It focuses on current practices related to waste management initiatives taken by India. The purpose of this article put a light on various initiatives in the country and locates the scope for improvement in the management of waste which will also clean up the unemployment.

Pengelolaan Limbah B3 Di Rumah Sakit X Kota Batam

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Savira Siddik ◽  
Eka Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Class B

<p>Hospital X was class b private hospitals that are located in Batam with 297 unit beds. The waste that can be categorized as solid waste medical in the hospital which is infectious, pharmacy, hazardous and toxic waste, cytotoxic, sharp object.  The purpose of this research is to identify, a source of , the characteristics, solid waste medical produced by hospital X in Batam and also conduct an evaluation of solid waste medical management hospital in accordance with the minister of environment and forestry 56 2015 on procedures and technical requirements of hazardous and toxic waste management than health service facilities. This research used primary and secondary data collection method. The research results show solid waste medical management at the hospital X in Batam most of them are in according to rule. But there are some things that must be improved are blinding trash bag, efficiency and minimal temparature the combustion chamber incinerator. Management efforts must to do are briefing to officer of the waste collection about the way to blinding trash bag in according to the regulation and the incinerator that can serve confirming to standard of burning hazardous and toxic waste. <strong></strong></p>

There Reduction of alkali loss in an ash leaching system

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 383-391
Author(s):  
CARLA CÉLIA ROSA MEDEIROS ◽  
FLÁVIA AZEVEDO SILVA ◽  
SAULO GODOY PIGNATON ◽  
ESTANISLAU VICTOR ZUTAUTAS ◽  
KLEVERSON FIGUEIREDO
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Air Emissions ◽  
Recovery Cycle ◽  
Chloride Level ◽  
Control Loops ◽  
Kraft Mill ◽  
Recovery Boiler ◽  
Ash Leaching

There are many points in a kraft mill where the alkaline compounds are purged from the process. Several effluents, solid waste, and air emissions contain alkali, which leads to the necessity of chemical makeups to maintain the liquor balance. The main loss of alkali at the Veracel mill is present in the wastewater from the recovery boiler; more precisely, it is from the ash leaching system, which represents 80% of the total losses. To minimize the alkaline losses while keeping the chloride level in the recovery cycle under control, a project was developed at Veracel. Key actions were taken by adjusting the control loops of the ash leaching system, mainly on the slurry density and purge control. These adjustments led to a decrease in alkali losses and to an increase of treated ash, and kept the chloride level of the recovery boiler dust at 2.6%.

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