scholarly journals Lipase-catalyzed biodiesel synthesis with different acyl acceptors

2008 ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevena Ognjanovic ◽  
Svetlana Saponjic ◽  
Dejan Bezbradica ◽  
Zorica Knezevic
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Methyl Acetate ◽  
Immobilized Enzyme ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Acyl Acceptor ◽  
Alkaline Catalyst ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Acyl Acceptors

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engine that is environmentally acceptable. Conventionally, biodiesel is produced by transesterification of triglycerides and short alcohols in the presence of an acid or an alkaline catalyst. There are several problems associated with this kind of production that can be resolved by using lipase as the biocatalyst. The aim of the present work was to investigate novel acyl acceptors for biodiesel production. 2-Propanol and n-butanol have a less negative effect on lipase stability, and they also improve low temperature properties of the fuel. However, excess alcohol leads to inactivation of the enzyme, and glycerol, a major byproduct, can block the immobilized enzyme, resulting in low enzymatic activity. This problem was solved by using methyl acetate as acyl acceptor. Triacetylglycerol is produced instead of glycerol, and it has no negative effect on the activity of the lipase.

Lipase-Catalyzed Biodiesel Production with Methyl Acetate as Acyl Acceptor

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Huang ◽  
Yunjun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Methyl Acetate ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Acyl Acceptor ◽  
Cotton Seed Oil

Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel made from renewable biological resources. During the process of biodiesel production, lipase-catalyzed transesterification is a crucial step. However, current techniques using methanol as acyl acceptor have lower enzymatic activity; this limits the application of such techniques in large-scale biodiesel production. Furthermore, the lipid feedstock of currently available techniques is limited. In this paper, the technique of lipase-catalyzed transesterification of five different oils for biodiesel production with methyl acetate as acyl acceptor was investigated, and the transesterification reaction conditions were optimized. The operation stability of lipase under the obtained optimal conditions was further examined. The results showed that under optimal transesterification conditions, both plant oils and animal fats led to high yields of methyl ester: cotton-seed oil, 98%; rapeseed oil, 95%; soybean oil, 91%; tea-seed oil, 92%; and lard, 95%. Crude and refined cottonseed oil or lard made no significant difference in yields of methyl ester. No loss of enzymatic activity was detected for lipase after being repeatedly used for 40 cycles (ca. 800 h), which indicates that the operational stability of lipase was fairly good under these conditions. Our results suggest that cotton-seed oil, rape-seed oil and lard might substitute soybean oil as suitable lipid feedstock for biodiesel production. Our results also show that our technique is fit for various lipid feedstocks both from plants and animals, and presents a very promising way for the large-scale biodiesel production

scholarly journals Interesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit dengan metil asetat untuk sintesis biodiesel menggunakan candida rugosa lipase terimobilisasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heri Hermansyah ◽  
Septian Marno ◽  
Rita Arbianti ◽  
Tania Surya Utami ◽  
Anondho Wijanarko
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Methyl Acetate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Reactant Ratio ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis

Palm oil interesterification with methyl acetate for biodiesel synthesis using immobilized Candida rugosa lipaseBiocatalyst is a promising alternative catalyst for synthetic biodiesel because it has capability to improve conventional catalyst weakness, such as product purification and undesired side products. However, biocatalyst is easy to be deactivated by alcohol. Therefore, in this research, new method is developed to maintain the activity and stability of biocatalyst during reaction. In this paper, the experimental results of non-alcohol route synthesis of biodiesel using immobilized candida rugosa lipase in zeolit through adsorption method were reported. Methyl acetate as alkyl acceptor was reacted with triglyceride from palm oil in batch reactor. The analytical results from HPLC showed that trioleat convert up to 82% under the condition of 4%-wt substrate of the biocatalyst concentration and oil/alkyl mole ratio equal to 1/12 in 50 hour reaction. The effects of reactant ratio, biocatalyst concentration on concentration profile of tri-, di-, mono-gliceryde, and biodiesel were also observed. Stability test indicated that the activity of the immobilized biocatalyst still remained active for three reaction cycles.  Michaelis-Menten mechanism was used for derivation kinetic reaction equation to describe the behaviour of biodiesel production. Keywords: Biodiesel, interesterification, Candida rugosa lipase, non-alcohol route, immobilized. AbstrakSaat ini riset sintesis biodiesel menggunakan biokatalis sangat menjanjikan karena mampu memperbaiki kelemahan katalis alkali, yaitu kemudahan pemisahan produk dan kemampuan dalam mengarahkan reaksi secara spesifik tanpa adanya reaksi samping yang tidak diinginkan. Namun, biokatalis mudah terdeaktivasi dalam lingkungan beralkohol. Oleh karena itu, dalam riset ini diusulkan untuk melakukan sintesis biodiesel melalui rute non-alkohol untuk menjaga agar aktivitas dan stabilitas biokatalis tetap tinggi selama reaksi berlangsung. Dalam makalah ini akan disajikan hasil penelitian sintesis biodiesel rute non-alkohol menggunakan Candida rugosa lipase yang diimobilisasi dalam zeolit melalui metode adsorpsi dengan mereaksikan metil asetat sebagai penyuplai gugus alkil dengan trigliserida dari minyak kelapa sawit dalam reaktor batch. Hasil analisis HPLC menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari 82% rantai asam lemak dari trigliserida minyak kelapa sawit berhasil dikonversikan menjadi biodiesel pada kondisi konsentrasi biokatalis sebesar 4%-wt substrat dan rasio mol minyak/alkil sebesar 1/12 selama 50 jam reaksi. Pengaruh rasio reaktan, konsentrasi biokatalis terhadap profil konsentrasi dari tri-, di-, mono-gliserida serta biodiesel juga diselidiki. Uji stabilitas menunjukkan bahwa biokatalis terimobilisasi ini masih memiliki aktivitas untuk tiga kali siklus reaksi. Mekanisme Michaelis-Menten digunakan untuk menurunkan persamaan kinetika reaksi yang mampu menggambarkan perilaku produksi biodiesel yang dihasilkan.Kata kunci: biodiesel, interesterifikasi, Candida rugosa lipase, rute non alkohol, imobilisasi

scholarly journals Lipases as biocatalysts for biodiesel production

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevena Ognjanovic ◽  
Slobodan Petrovic ◽  
Dejan Bezbradica ◽  
Zorica Knezevic-Jugovic
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Alkaline Catalyst ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Acyl Acceptors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Poor Stability

Lipases can be used for a variety of biotechnological applications: synthesis of fine chemicals, therapeutics, agrochemicals, cosmetics, flavors, biopolymers and biodiesel. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines that is environmentally acceptable. Conventionally, biodiesel is produced by transesterification of triglycerides and short chain alcohols in the presence of an acid or an alkaline catalyst. There are several problems associated with this kind of production that can be resolved by using lipase as the biocatalyst. The usage of lipases has several advantages over the conventional chemical methods. It is considered as less energy intensive and environmentally friendly. However, there are two main obstacles associated with the effective utilization of lipases in the production of biodiesel. The main one is the cost of the enzyme and its poor stability in the presence of excess alcohol. Several strategies are proposed to overcome these drawbacks: immobilization of lipases, stepwise addition of alcohol, and the usage of novel acyl acceptors and the usage of whole cell biocatalysts.

USE OF NORTHERN ECOTYPE SOYBEANS FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
SERGEY N. DEVYANIN ◽  
◽  
VLADIMIR A. MARKOV ◽  
ALEKSANDR G. LEVSHIN ◽  
TAMARA P. KOBOZEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Oil Productivity ◽  
Toxic Components

The paper presents the results of long-term research on the oil productivity and chemical composition of soybean oil of the Northern ecotype varieties in the Central Non-Black Earth Region. The authors consider its possible use for biodiesel production. Experiments on growing soybeans were carried out on the experimental fi eld of Russian State Agrarian University –Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (2008-2019) on recognized ultra-early ripening varieties of the Northern ecotype Mageva, Svetlaya, Okskaya (ripeness group 000). Tests were set and the research results were analyzed using standard approved methods. It has been shown that in conditions of high latitudes (57°N), limited thermal resources of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia (the sum of active temperatures of the growing season not exceeding 2000°С), the yield and productivity of soybeans depend on the variety and moisture supply. Over the years, the average yield of soybeans amounted to 1.94 … 2.62 t/ha, oil productivity – 388 … 544 kg/ha, oil content – 19…20%, the content of oleic and linoleic fatty acids in oil – 60%, and their output from seeds harvested – 300 kg/ha. It has been established that as soybean oil and diesel fuel have similar properties,they can be mixed by conventional methods in any proportions and form stable blends that can be stored for a long time. Experimental studies on the use of soybean oil for biodiesel production were carried out on a D-245 diesel engine (4 ChN11/12.5). The concentrations of toxic components (CO, CHx, and NOx) in the diesel exhaust gases were determined using the SAE-7532 gas analyzer. The smoke content of the exhaust gases was measured with an MK-3 Hartridge opacimeter. It has been experimentally established that the transfer of a diesel engine from diesel fuel to a blend of 80% diesel fuel and 20% lubrication oil leads to a change in the integral emissions per test cycle: nitrogen oxides in 0.81 times, carbon monoxide in 0.89 times and unburned hydrocarbons in 0.91 times, i.e. when biodiesel as used as a motor fuel in a serial diesel engine, emissions of all gaseous toxic components are reduced. The study has confi rmed the expediency of using soybeans of the Northern ecotype for biofuel production.

Mango (Magnifera indica) seed oil grown in Dilla town as potential raw material for biodiesel production using NaOH- a homogeneous catalyst

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Homogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Minimal Amount

Biodiesel produced by transesterification process from vegetable oils or animal fats is viewed as a promising renewable energy source. Now a day’s diminishing of petroleum reserves in the ground and increasing environmental pollution prevention and regulations have made searching for renewable oxygenated energy sources from biomasses. Biodiesel is non-toxic, renewable, biodegradable, environmentally benign, energy efficient and diesel substituent fuel used in diesel engine which contributes minimal amount of global warming gases such as CO, CO2, SO2, NOX, unburned hydrocarbons, and particulate matters. The chemical composition of the biodiesel was examined by help of GC-MS and five fatty acid methyl esters such as methyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate and methyl linoleneate were identified. The variables that affect the amount of biodiesel such as methanol/oil molar ratio, mass weight of catalyst and temperature were studied. In addition to this the physicochemical properties of the biodiesel such as (density, kinematic viscosity, iodine value high heating value, flash point, acidic value, saponification value, carbon residue, peroxide value and ester content) were determined and its corresponding values were 87 Kg/m3, 5.63 Mm2/s, 39.56 g I/100g oil, 42.22 MJ/Kg, 132oC, 0.12 mgKOH/g, 209.72 mgKOH/g, 0.04%wt, 12.63 meq/kg, and 92.67 wt% respectively. The results of the present study showed that all physicochemical properties lie within the ASTM and EN biodiesel standards. Therefore, mango seed oil methyl ester could be used as an alternative to diesel engine.

An Overview of Metal-organic Frameworks-based Acid/Base Catalysts for Biofuel Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 1876-1891
Author(s):  
Qiuyun Zhang ◽  
Yutao Zhang ◽  
Jingsong Cheng ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Peihua Ma
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Flexible Structures ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

Biofuel synthesis is of great significance for producing alternative fuels. Among the developed catalytic materials, the metal-organic framework-based hybrids used as acidic, basic, or supported catalysts play major roles in the biodiesel production. This paper presents a timely and comprehensive review of recent developments on the design and preparation of metal-organic frameworks-based catalysts used for biodiesel synthesis from various oil feedstocks, including MILs-based catalysts, ZIFs-based catalysts, UiO-based catalysts, Cu-BTC-based catalysts, and MOFs-derived porous catalysts. Due to their unique and flexible structures, excellent thermal and hydrothermal stability, and tunable host-guest interactions, as compared with other heterogeneous catalysts, metal-organic framework-based catalysts have good opportunities for application in the production of biodiesel at industrial scale.

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