scholarly journals Electrodialytic whey demineralization involving polymer-inorganic membranes, anion exchange resin and graphene-containing composite

2019 ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerii Myronchuk ◽  
Yurii Zmievskii ◽  
Yuliya Dzyazko ◽  
Ludmila Rozhdestveska ◽  
Vladimir Zakharov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Zirconium Dioxide ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Limiting Current ◽  
Inorganic Membranes ◽  
Hydrated Zirconium Dioxide ◽  
Electrodialysis Cell ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Exchange Resins

Electrodialysis of cheese whey was performed using polymer membranes modified with zirconium hydrophosphate (cation exchange separator) and hydrated zirconium dioxide (anion exchange material). Both neutral and acidic solutions were used as a concentrate. As found, a 0.1 M HCl solution is preferable: the current efficiency towards mineral components and desalination degree reach 75-81 % and 90 % respectively, when the current does not exceed limiting current for cations. Anion exchange resin, as well as the composite containing zirconium dioxide and oxidized graphene, were involved in desalination. The composite adsorbs preferably cations, adsorption of anions is depressed. Its adsorption capacity is 1.2 (K+) and 0.25 (CL-) mmol g-1. Whey passed subsequently through the electrodialysis cell and beds of these materials. This approach allowed us to achieve the demineralization degree of 99%, and minimize losses of organic substances. Adsorption materials can be used repeatedly. The advantage of the composite over ion exchange resins is facile regeneration.

scholarly journals Mg/Al double-metal hydroxide regeneration of anion exchange resin by electric field intensification

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1309-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Zhun Li ◽  
Yansheng Li ◽  
Zhigang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Metal Hydroxides ◽  
Anion Exchange Resins ◽  
Exchange Resins

Fouled anion exchange resins were regenerated by electric field intensification of Mg/Al double-metal hydroxides. Regenerative experiments were performed with varying voltages (10–30 V) and dosages of Mg/Al hydroxides (0.045–0.135 mol and 0.015–0.045 mol, respectively) for 1–5 h. Optimal results were obtained under the following regenerative conditions: 20 V, 4 h, and 0.09/0.03 mol of Mg/Al hydroxides. The maximum regenerative capacity of resins was increased to 41.07%. The regenerative mechanism was presented by Fourier-transform infrared spectrum of resins and Mg/Al hydroxides, and the regenerative degree was analyzed with respect to conductivity, pH value, and electric current. Mg/Al hydroxides were also recycled after the regeneration. This method was proven to be cost-effective and environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Removal of Hexavalent Chromium Ions from Aqueous Solutions by an Anion-Exchange Resin

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 693-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Senthil Kumar ◽  
K. Kirthika ◽  
K. Sathish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Exchange Resins

The removal of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), from aqueous solutions under different conditions using an anion-exchange resin (AXR) as an adsorbent was investigated under batch conditions. Such studies indicated that the percentage adsorption decreased with increasing initial Cr(VI) concentration, with the maximum removal of such ions occurred at a pH value of ca. 2.0. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were capable of reproducing the isotherms obtained experimentally. The sorption process was rapid during the first 20 min with equilibrium being attained within 30 min. The process followed first-order kinetics. The results demonstrate that such anion-exchange resins can be used for the efficient removal of Cr(VI) ions from water and wastewater.

scholarly journals Procedure to reduce sulphite in wine with anion-exchange resin

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Miroslav Horák ◽  
Pavel Híc ◽  
Eva Tománková ◽  
Josef Balík
Keyword(s):  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Anion Exchanger ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate Solution ◽  
Basic Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Basic Anion ◽  
Exchange Resins

The aim of this experiment was to eliminate SO2 ions present in wine using the anion-exchanger resins. To compare the effectiveness, 2 following strongly basic anion-exchange resin were used. When activated, the sodium bicarbonate solution (activation solution I) is used to prevent parallel reduction of sulphites, tartates and malates, so the anion-exchange resins were activated in two-step activation. In the second step, it was immersed into a mixture of malic acid and tartaric acid (1:1). After the application of anex into wine, the content of total SO2 was reduced to 97–201 mg.L−1 (depending on the amount of anex added into the wine sample). According to our expectations, the variants with anion-exchange resin activated only with bicarbonate solution, the tartrates and malates were significantly reduced. If the anion-exchange resin was activated with a two-steps activation, the tartaric acid and malic acid were reduced in the range of ± 0.13 g.L−1. This phenomenon was strongly reflected at the anion-exchanger Aqua Osmotic 02. The changes in antioxidant content were not affected by the type of anion-exchange resin, the method of activation, or an amount of used anion-exchanger. The color parameters of wine, expressed by the L * a * b *, were not significantly affected by the effects of anion-exchange resin use.

scholarly journals Chlor-Isotopenseparation an einem wasserhaltigen Zirkondioxidaustauscher / Chlorine Isotope Separation Using an Hydrous Zirconium Dioxide Exchanger

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 642-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus G. Heumann ◽  
Klaus Baier ◽  
Gerald Wibmer
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Zirconium Dioxide ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Isotope Separation ◽  
Chlorine Isotope ◽  
Basic Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Basic Anion ◽  
Hydrous Zirconium

AbstractHydrous zirconium dioxide is used in column experiments for separating the halide ions as well as for isotope fractionation of chlorine. The preparation of the zirconium dioxide particles is carried out by homogeneous hydrolysis of a zirconyl chloride solution using hexamethylenetetramine. The separation order of the halides is I-, Br- and Cl- in contrast to the inverse separation order using a strongly basic anion exchange resin. In chlorine isotope separation experiments an enrichment of 35Cl- is found in the first fractions, whereas the last fractions show a significant enrichment of 37C1-. This also indicates an inversion of the isotope separation compared with a strongly basic anion exchange resin. A dependence of the isotope fractionation on the concentration of the NaNO3 solution used as eluant is found. With increasing concentration the isotope fractionation decreases. Using a 0.5 M NaNO3 solution the elementary separation effect was calculated e = 6,1 · 10-4 . This is one of the highest isotope fractionations known in a chloride isotope exchange system. The results show that the electrolyte behaviour of isotopes is comparable to that of a series of homologous elements.

Polymeric Resins Adsorb and Release Oryzalin in Response to pH

Weed Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Glenn B. Fain ◽  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Glenn R. Wehtje ◽  
Charles H. Gilliam ◽  
Jason A. Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resins ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Polymeric Resins ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
Polymeric Anion

Two polymeric anion-exchange resins and one sorbent resin were evaluated for their propensity to adsorb, and subsequently desorb, oryzalin. The intent was to determine whether these resins could adsorb and subsequently release oryzalin in a manner that would render these resins as an option for slow-release herbicide delivery. The dinitroaniline herbicide oryzalin is weakly acidic with a dissociation constant (pKa) of 8.6. An additional objective was to determine whether altering the pH between sorption and desorption would enhance the desired performance. Maximum oryzalin sorption by the two anion-exchange resins was between 127 and 132 mg g−1ai. The sorbent resin was adsorbed at a maximum concentration of 191 mg g−1ai. Maximum sorption occurred with the pH 10 solutions with all resins. Average oryzalin desorption by the anion-exchange resin was between 0.12 and 3.84 mg g−1per desorption event. Maximum desorption occurred at pH 6.0. Results reveal that the resins evaluated may have merit for slow-release herbicide delivery.

An Experimental Investigation Into the Use of high-Pressure Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Petroleum Sulfonates

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Zornes ◽  
G.P. Willhite ◽  
M.J. Michnick
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Response Factors ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Anion Exchange Resins ◽  
Exchange Resins

Abstract The separation of petroleum mono- and disulfonates on an anion-exchange column using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was investigated as a method /or the determination of sulfonate concentrations in aqueous or hydrocarbon solutions. Quantitative analysis o/ brine (3,000 ppm) or hexane solutions containing 500 to 5,000 ppm ppm) or hexane solutions containing 500 to 5,000 ppm of unfractionated Witco TRS 10-80 Petronate was possible to a precision of 2 percent. Extending the possible to a precision of 2 percent. Extending the method to solutions containing TRS 10-80 sulfonates with altered mono- and di-ratios was accomplished by deriving ultraviolet (UV) response factors /or the average mono- and disulfonates present in the original TRS 10-80. Application of the HPLC technique with monoand disulfonate response factors was demonstrated by analysis of sulfonate concentrations in both phases in a series of two-phase hexane-brine phases in a series of two-phase hexane-brine systems. Trends in the distribution coefficients were identified readily. Preferential partitioning of the mono- and disulfonates between the hydrocarbon and brine phases was indicated by changes in the ratio of the mono- and disulfonate areas on the chromatographs. The HPLC technique gave information on the sulfonate composition that was not obtained by traditional wet-lab methods. Introduction Surfactant concentration is an important parameter in the evaluation of surfactants used in oil recovery processes. Unfortunately, quantative analysis of processes. Unfortunately, quantative analysis of surfactants commonly used in enhanced oil recovery processes is difficult because these often are processes is difficult because these often are complex mixtures of anionic surfactant molecules. Commercially available petroleum sulfonates not only contain a range of molecular weights but also vary in percentage of mono-, di- and polysulfonated molecules. Numerous analytical techniques have been presented in the literature to determine anionic presented in the literature to determine anionic surfactants in water and oil. The two-phase titration technique, introduced by Epton in 1946, was modified and used to determine petroleum sulfonates. Disadvantages of the Epton titration method includethe average equivalent weight of the anionic surfactant must be known;it cannot differentiate between mono-, di-, and polysulfonated molecules;experimental evidence polysulfonated molecules; (3) experimental evidence indicates the method is not stoichiometric for low molecular-weight sulfonates and there is limited knowledge of be stoichiometry for polysulfonated molecules; andit is not automated easily. The Epton titration method has been used because no other good analytical techniques exist. Recent developments in HPLC and in ion-exchange resin offer the possibility of improved analytical techniques to determine petroleum sulfonates. Traditionally, the chromatographic separation of aromatic sulfonates by ion-exchange has been difficult because of excessive noncoulombic adsorption on polystyrene-type, anion-exchange resins. Successful separation of low molecular-weight aromatic sulfonates on a quaternized polyalkeneamine, anion-exchange resin was reported by Stehl. Development of pellicular anion-exchange resins with a quaternary alkylamine bonded to an inert nonpermeable core further reduced the anionic adsorption of aromatic sulfonate molecules and extended the range of application. Schmit and Singh reposed separations of naphthalene-sulfonic-acid dye intermediates on pellicular anion-exchange resin. Suffridge reported pellicular anion-exchange resin. Suffridge reported separation of a petroleum sulfonate into its monoand disulfonate constituents on a pellicular anion-exchange resin using a linear ionic-strength gradient. SPEJ P. 207

scholarly journals L(+)-Lactic acid recovery from cassava bagasse based fermented medium using anion exchange resins

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1241-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rojan P. John ◽  
K. Madhavan Nampoothiri ◽  
Ashok Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Weak Base ◽  
Acid Recovery ◽  
Cassava Bagasse ◽  
Base Resin ◽  
Exchange Resins

The properties of the ion exchange resins, Amberlite IRA 402, a strong anion exchange resin and IRA 67, a weak anion exchange resin were determined to evaluate their comparative suitability for lactic acid recovery from fermented cassava bagasse. Data on binding capacities and recovery proved that weak base resin in chloride form was the most favourable ones for lactic acid recovery from aqueous solutions and fermentation media. Fermented media obtained through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cassava bagasse starch hydrolysate based medium were used for lactic acid recovery study using weak base resin column. Amberlite IRA 67 had much more efficiency than Amberlite IRA 402 to recover lactic acid. Like in other reports, due to the presence of nutrients and ions other than lactate, the binding capacity was slightly lesser while using fermented media (~93%) instead of aqueous lactic acid solutions (~98%).

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