scholarly journals New trends in plant breeding - example of soybean

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jegor Miladinovic ◽  
Milos Vidic ◽  
Vuk Djordjevic ◽  
Svetlana Balesevic-Tubic
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Descent Method ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Single Seed Descent ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Single Seed Descent Method

Soybean breeding and selection is a continual process designed to increase yield levels and improve resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Soybean breeders have been successful in producing a large number of varieties using conventional breeding methods, the Single Seed Descent method in particular. In recent decades, with the increased use of genetic transformations, backcrossing is more frequent though the only trait that has been commercialized is glyphosate tolerance. Physiological breeding poses a particular challenge, as well as phenotyping and development of useful criteria and techniques suitable for plant breeding. Using modern remote sensing techniques provides great opportunity for collecting a large amount of physiological data in real environment, which is necessary for physiological breeding. Molecular based plant breeding methods and techniques are a conceptual part of any serious breeding program. Among those methods, the most extensively used is marker-assisted selection, as a supplement to conventional breeding methods.

Use of the Single Seed Descent Method in Breeding Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fernandez Martinez ◽  
J. Dominguez Gimenez ◽  
A. Jimenez ◽  
L. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Descent Method ◽  
Single Seed Descent ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Single Seed Descent Method

scholarly journals Plant Breeding Integrated with Genomic-Enabled Prediction

OBM Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Siamak Shirani Bidabadi ◽  
◽  
Parisa Sharifi ◽  
S. Mohan Jain ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Genomic Prediction ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Plant Genome ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Conventional Breeding

Plant breeding programs have used conventional breeding methods, such as hybridization, induced mutations, and other methods to manipulate the plant genome within the species' natural genetic boundaries to improve crop varieties. However, repeatedly using conventional breeding methods might lead to the erosion of the gene reservoir, thereby rendering crops vulnerable to environmental stresses and hampering future progress in crop production, food and nutritional security, and socio-economic benefits. Integrating innovative technologies in breeding programs to accelerate gene flow is critical for sustaining global plant production. Genomic prediction is a promising tool to assist the rapid selection of premiere genotypes and accelerate breeding gains for climate-resilient plant varieties. This review surveys the annals and principles of genomic-enabled prediction. Based on the problem that is investigated through the prediction, as well as several other factors, such as trait heritability, the relationship between the individuals to be predicted and those used to train the models for prediction, the number of markers, sample size, and the interaction between genotype and environment, different levels of accuracy have been reported. Genomic prediction might play a decisive role and facilitate gene flow from gene bank accessions to elite lines in future breeding programs.

Single seed descent method

2021 ◽  
pp. 255-264
Author(s):  
Dhan Pal Singh ◽  
Asheesh K. Singh ◽  
Arti Singh
Keyword(s):  
Descent Method ◽  
Single Seed Descent ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Single Seed Descent Method

Rice Breeding for High Yield by Advanced Single Seed Descent Method of Selection

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malinee Janwan ◽  
Tanee Sreewongch ◽  
Prapa Sripichitt
Keyword(s):  
Descent Method ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Single Seed Descent ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Single Seed Descent Method

scholarly journals Using of Genome Editing Methods in Plant Breeding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venera S. Kamburova ◽  
Ilkhom B. Salakhutdinov ◽  
Shukhrat E. Shermatov ◽  
Ibrokhim Y. Abdurakhmonov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Crop Resistance ◽  
Time Required ◽  
New Crop

The main task of plant breeding is creating of high-yield, resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses crop varieties with high product quality. The using of traditional breeding methods is limited by the duration of the new crop varieties creation with the required agronomic traits. This depends not only on the duration of growing season and reaching of mature stage of plants (especially the long-period growth plants, e.g. trees), as well as is associated with applying of multiple stages of crossing, selection and testing in breeding process. In addition, conventional methods of chemical and physical mutagenesis do not allow targeting effect to genome. However, the introduction of modern DNA-technology methods, such as genome editing, has opened in a new era in plant breeding. These methods allow to carry out precise and efficient targeted genome modifications, significantly reducing the time required to get plants with desirable features to create new crop varieties in perspective. This review provides the knowledge about application of genome editing methods to increase crop yields and product quality, as well as crop resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, future prospects for integrating these technologies into crop breeding strategies are also discussed.

The genetic framework of plant breeding

1981 ◽  
Vol 292 (1062) ◽  
pp. 407-419 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Single Seed Descent ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Biometrical Genetics ◽  
Mendelian Genetics ◽  
Linkage Disequilibria ◽  
Random Samples

The phenotypic variation that the breeder must manipulate to produce improved genotypes typically contains contributions from both heritable and non-heritable sources as well as from interactions between them. The totality of this variation can be understood only in terms of a methodology such as that of biometrical genetics - an extension of classical Mendelian genetics that retains all of its analytical, interpretative and predictive powers but only in respect of the net or summed effects of all contributing gene loci. In biometrical genetics the statistics that describe the phenotypic distributions are themselves completely described by heritable components based on the known types of gene action and interaction in combination with nonheritable components defined by the statistical properties of the experimental design. Biometrical genetics provides a framework for investigating the genetical basis and justification for current plant breeding strategies that are typified by the production of F 1 hybrids at one extreme and recombinant inbred lines at the other. From the early generations of a cross it can extract estimates of the heritable components of the phenotypic distributions that provide all the information required to interpret the cause of F 1 heterosis and predict the properties of any generation that can subsequently be derived from the cross. Applications to crosses in experimental and crop species show that true overdominance is not a cause of F 1 heterosis, although spurious overdominance arising from linkage disequilibria and non-allelic interactions can be. Predictions of the phenotypic distributions and ranges of recombinant inbred lines that should be extractable from these crosses are confirmed by observations made on random samples of inbred families produced from them by single seed descent. Within these samples, recombinant inbred lines superior to existing inbred lines and their F 1 hybrids are observed with the predicted frequencies.

Plant breeding for resilient pastures

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Caradus ◽  
Joseph Bouton ◽  
Charles Brummer ◽  
Marty Faville ◽  
Richard George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Plant Introductions

Plant breeding has had, and continues to have, an important role in providing farmers with resilient pastures. Early breeding relied on improvement of ecotype populations and this was accelerated by crossing with selected introduced germplasm. The primary traits under selection have targeted speed of establishment, total and/or seasonal dry matter (DM) yield, nutritive value or feed quality, flowering time and reduced aftermath heading, disease resistance, persistence and seed yield. Continued improvement through plant breeding to meet environmental concerns and tolerances to both biotic and abiotic stresses will be achieved through ongoing plant introductions, exploiting heterosis, speed breeding, genomic selection, improvements in phenotyping, metabolomics, improved compatibility with beneficial microbes, and potentially the use of transgenic and gene editing technologies.

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