scholarly journals Radiotherapeutical chromosomal aberrations in laryngeal cancer patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 314-319
Author(s):  
Svetlana Stosic-Divjak ◽  
Ivana Novakovic ◽  
Dragana Kastratovic ◽  
Milan Pavlovic ◽  
Isidora Divjak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Structural Aberrations

Introduction. The authors present the results of cytogenetic analysis of 21 patients with laryngeal carcinomas diagnosed and treated in the period 1995-2000 at the Institute of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia and Clinical Center of Novi Sad. Material and methods. The patients were specially monitored and the material was analyzed at the Institute of Human Genetics of the School of Medicine in Belgrade as well as in the Laboratory for Radiological Protection of the Institute of Occupational and Radiological Health 'Dr Dragomir Karajovic' in Belgrade. Results. The incidence of chromosomal aberrations and incidence of exchange of material between sister chromatids were observed in the preparation of the metaphasic lymphocyte chromosomes of the peripheral blood obtained in the culture. Structural aberrations were found on the chromosomes in the form of breakups, rings, translocations and dicentrics as early as after a single exposure of patients to tumor radiation dose of 2 Gy in the field sized 5x7. Out of the total number of 35 cultivated blood samples obtained from 13 patients, 21 were successfully cultivated and they were proved to contain chromosomal aberrations. Some of the peripheral blood samples failed to show cell growth in vitro due to the lethal cell damages in vivo. Discussion.. We have consluded that the number of structural aberrations cannot be used as a biological measure of the absorbed ionizing radiation dose. The presence of aberrations per se is indicative of the mutagenic effect of the ionizing radiation, which was also confirmed in our series on the original model by cultivation of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in the culture of the cells of the volunteer donors upon in vitro radiation. Using the method of bromdeoxyuridylreductase, the increased incidence of SCE as a mutagenic effect was registered. Conclusion. It has been concluded that the increase of absorbed radiation dose in vitro leads to prolonged duration of cell cycle in the same conditions, which proves cytostatic effect of radiation. Further fundamental studies are required for clinical implementation of the findings.

scholarly journals Peripheral Blood Based Discrimination of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease from Non-IBD Colitis by Genome-Wide Gene Expression Profiling

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Sipos ◽  
Orsolya Galamb ◽  
Barnabás Wichmann ◽  
Tibor Krenács ◽  
Kinga Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Independent Set ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

A molecular diagnostic assay using easily accessible peripheral blood would greatly assist in the screening and diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Transcriptional profiles in blood/biopsy samples from 12 UC (6/12), 9 CD (5/9), 6 non-inflammatory bowel disease (non-IBD) colitis (6/0), and 11 healthy (11/11) patients were assessed by Affymetrix HGU133Plus2.0 microarrays. Prediction analysis of microarrays, discriminant and ROC analyses were performed, the results were validated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry using also an independent set of samples (15 blood samples, 45 biopsies). A set of 13 transcripts was differentially expressed in IBD, non-IBD controls and healthy blood samples (100% specificity and sensitivity). Validated difference was found in 16 transcripts between UC, non-IBD and normal blood, and 4 transcripts between CD, non-IBD and normal samples. UC and CD blood cases could be also distinguished by 5 genes with 100% specificity and sensitivity. Some disease associated alterations in blood transcripts were also detected in colonic tissue. IBD subtypes may be discriminated from non-IBD (diverticulitis, infective and ischemic colitis)in vitrofrom peripheral blood by screening for differential gene expression revealed in this study. Transcriptional profile alterations in peripheral blood can be located in diseased colon.

scholarly journals In vitro effect of ozone in phagocytic function of leucocytes in peripheral blood.

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Diaz-Luis ◽  
Silvia Menendez-Cepero ◽  
Arturo Diaz-Luis ◽  
Yudenia Ascanio-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Oxygen Mixture ◽  
Phagocytic Function ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
Vitro Effect

Introduction. The ozone immune modulation is based on its effect on the immune system and oxidative metabolism. When whole human blood is exposed to the appropriate ozone doses, we can observe in the cells different biochemical reactions that in turn are able to improve the immunity mechanism. Objectives. The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of ozone on blood phagocytosis. Methods. Blood samples of 30 mL were taken from five healthy male blood donors in the morning, and were subdivided in 6 glass tubes of 5 mL each (control, oxygen and 4 ozone groups). A volume of 5 mL ozone/oxygen mixture at different ozone concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 80 µg/mL) was collected with glass syringes. There after the gas was immediately bubbled in the blood samples. Syringes were slowly but continuously mixed in shaker with stirring, during 10 min allowing a complete mixing of the liquid–gas phases with minimal foaming. Two of the above blood samples were used as controls: the first sample blood and the second blood treated with oxygen only. Phagocytic cell function was assessed by direct microscopic Baehner method. The results were analyzed by paired T test; significance was defined as a value less than 0.05. Results. After ozonation, phagocytic function increase with significant differences in comparison with controls groups (p=0.04). Respect to the ozone concentrations, the phagocytic function increased at 20 µg/mL and even more at 40 µg/mL, but decrease with 80 µg/mL. However, there were no significant differences in phagocytic function in the blood exposed to 10 µg/mL in comparison with controls. Conclusion. Ozone may stimulate the phagocytic function of the peripheral blood cells in a dose-dependent fashion.

scholarly journals Comparing the Radioprotective Effects of Brewed Rosa damascena and Vitamin E on Ionizing Radiation-Induced Chromosomal Aberrations in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Using Micronucleus Assay in Binucleated Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Elham Khanirad ◽  
◽  
Farhang Haddad ◽  
Shokouhozaman Soleymanifard ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Radiation Induced

Aims: For occupational and therapeutic reasons, many people are exposed to the harmful effects of Ionizing Radiation (IR) including Chromosomal Aberrations (CA) every day. Radioprotective agents are able to reduce these damages through mechanisms such as scavenging free radical, donating hydrogen to damaged molecules and increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes. Medicinal plants, traditionally used in different societies, have special advantages due to their low side effects and cost-effectiveness compared to the chemical radioprotectors. Rosa damascena is one of these plants that is widely used in traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the radioprotective effects of brewed Rosa damascena in comparison with Vitamin E. Methods & Materials: In this experimental study, the radioprotective effect of 1-week use of brewed Rosa damascena on the CA induced by 2 Gy IR in comparison with vitamin E in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 10 volunteers, 1, 24, and 96 h as well as one week after the last intake was investigated using binucleated cell micronucleus assay. Findings: The use of brewed Rosa damascena 1 h after the last intake could significantly reduce the frequency of micronuclei. This result was similar to the effect of vitamin E at the same time. Conclusion: Brewed Rosa damascena is able to protect cells from IR-induced damages and can be used as a cheaper radioprotector with the possibility of daily use compared to vitamin E.

scholarly journals Associations of P2RX7 Functional Diplotypes with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-351
Author(s):  
T.H. Harris ◽  
M.R. Wallace ◽  
H. Huang ◽  
H. Li ◽  
L.M. Shaddox
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
P2x7 Receptor ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
In Vitro Immune Response

Aim: The purpose of this study was to test for the role of the P2X7 receptor in localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP). Methods: Peripheral blood was obtained from 95 subjects with LAP and 76 healthy unrelated controls (HUCs). Three P2RX7 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1718119, rs2230911, and rs3751143) were genotyped from these subjects, and their peripheral blood samples were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli and tested for inflammatory markers. The 3 P2RX7 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were in found to be in perfect linkage disequilibrium, and a total of 4 haplotypes and 9 diplotypes were identified among all subjects. For both subject populations, the 9 diplotypes were grouped into 4 functional groups and tested for association with subject inflammatory response. To specifically study the effects of extrinsic activation of the P2X7 receptor in LAP, peripheral blood samples from were stimulated under 3 treatments: LPS, LPS + ATP, and LPS +ATP+ P2X7 selective inhibitor. The effects of these treatments on P2X7 receptor activity were measured through Luminex protein assay. Last, to test whether receptor stimulation was related to P2RX7 expression, relative mRNA levels of P2RX7 were quantified with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Several associations between the P2RX7 diplotypes and LPS-stimulated blood chemokine/cytokine levels were found between the LAP and HUC populations (P < 0.05). P2X7 activation resulted in statistically significant differences in IL-1β and IL-12p40 concentrations for both subject populations. The relative P2RX7 mRNA levels increased significantly after addition of its inhibitor for both LAP and HUC populations. Conclusions: This study detected an association between P2RX7 functional diplotypes and in vitro immune response of whole blood from subjects with LAP. In addition, we found that inhibition of the activated P2X7 receptor leads to increased P2RX7 mRNA levels, suggesting a feedback loop ( ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01330719). Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study suggest that P2RX7 functional diplotypes are associated with LAP and their in vitro immune response to bacteria. Ongoing studies to uncover the mechanistic link between P2RX7 and LAP phenotypes could lead to the development of preventive approaches for susceptible subjects.

scholarly journals Quantification of Melanoma Cell-specific MART-1 mRNA in Peripheral Blood by a Calibrated Competitive Reverse Transcription-PCR

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1923-1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boe Sandahl Sørensen ◽  
Henrik Schmidt ◽  
Hans von der Maase ◽  
Per Thor Straten ◽  
Ebba Nexø
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Melanoma Cell ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr

Abstract Background: Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) amplification of melanoma cell-specific mRNA can detect melanoma cells in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant melanoma. We present a method to quantify mRNA coding for the melanoma-specific melanoma antigen recognized by T cells #1 (MART-1) in RNA isolated from peripheral blood. Methods: To establish a calibration curve, we measured the concentration of MART-1 mRNA in SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells grown in vitro by competitive RT-PCR. Serial dilutions of these cells were used as calibrators in the assay. The assay was conducted by adding a fixed amount of a RNA internal standard to RNA isolated from either peripheral blood or the calibrators before RT-PCR amplification with MART-1 primers in a nested PCR design. The amount of MART-1 mRNA in blood samples was calculated from the calibration curve. Results: Addition of melanoma cells grown in vitro to blood from healthy donors demonstrated that the method can detect a single SK-MEL-28 melanoma cell in 1 mL of blood (1.5 × 10−21 mol MART-1 mRNA/mL). MART-1 mRNA was observed in 4 of 12 blood samples from patients with malignant melanoma, at concentrations of 3–18 × 10−21 mol MART-1 mRNA/mL of blood. No MART-1 mRNA was detected in blood samples from 25 controls without malignant melanoma. Intra- and interassay CVs were 15% (n = 12; mean = 44 × 10−21 mol MART-1 mRNA/mL) and 33% (15 samples analyzed in two different analytical runs; mean = 30 × 10−21 mol MART-1 mRNA/mL), respectively. Conclusions: Our method is the first competitive RT-PCR assay for quantification of melanoma cells in blood samples that compensates for the variation of both the reverse transcription and PCR reactions. The method allows the inclusion of control samples for continuous quality assessment.

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