scholarly journals The cognitive processing of the allomorphy in Serbian

Psihologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
Tamara Jovanovic ◽  
Dusica Filipovic-Djurdjevic ◽  
Petar Milin
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Testing Hypothesis ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Visual Lexical Decision

In this work, we explored cognitive status of suffix allomorphy of the masculine nouns in instrumental singular in Serbian language (eg. misom-misem; puzom-puzem). Allomorphy represents distinct variations in form of the morpheme which does not influence it?s function and meaning (cf. Lyons, 1968). Despite it?s frequent appearance in speech and language production, it has rarely been a subject of psycholinguistic explorations. First goal of this research was to determine whether the cognitive processing of allomorphic nouns has it?s specificities and second goal was to create the base for making and testing hypothesis regarding morphological and/or phonological factors that influence suffix alternation in forming of instrumental singular of masculine nouns. We conducted visual lexical decision experiment and applied a questionnaire created for the needs of investigating allomorphy in language production. Results showed that at least two processes influence cognitive processing of masculine nouns in instrumental singular: (a) certain morpho-phonological restrictions that influence appearance of the suffix-em, and (b) allomorphy - variations in suffix in instrumental singular. In addition, the findings indicate that allomorphy could be the consequence of the tendency to use more frequent suffix (-om), that eases the processing, and blocks the influence of the morpho-phonological restrictions.

An fMRI study of visual lexical decision in patients with schizophrenia and clinical high-risk individuals

2014 ◽  
Vol 157 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsunobu Natsubori ◽  
Ryu-ichiro Hashimoto ◽  
Noriaki Yahata ◽  
Hideyuki Inoue ◽  
Yosuke Takano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Visual Lexical Decision

scholarly journals Medida de las emociones en niños con TDAH: un ensayo experimental con la técnica de potenciales evocados

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoana Campeño Martínez ◽  
José Jesús Gázquez Linares ◽  
Víctor Santiuste Bermejo
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Emotional Content ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

El trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno complejo de origen neurobiológico, caracterizado tanto por sus implicaciones cognitivas como por su afectación a la base afectiva y emocional del procesamiento cognitivo. En esta investigación se han analizado las diferencias en el procesamiento cognitivo del contenido emocional, con la finalidad de evaluar las dificultades que presentan las personas con TDAH en dichas tareas, a través de la medición del contenido emocional de las palabras de una prueba de decisión léxica The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurobiological disorder origin, characterized both its cognitive implications of their involvement as the basis of affective and cognitive emotional processing. This research has analyzed the differences in cognitive processing of emotional content, with the aim of assessing the difficulties presented by persons with ADHD in these tasks, by measuring the emotional content of the words of a test lexical decision

Speech and Language Production at Age 2

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren K. Nelson ◽  
Harold R. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Complexity Analysis ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Propositional Complexity ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to explore how 2-year-old children manage the relationship between phonetic production and production of word combinations in their spontaneous speech. The subjects were 5 normally developing 2-year-olds who were participants in an ongoing longitudinal study of speech and language acquisition. Three measures were used to estimate phonetic production skills in the children’s spontaneous speech samples. These included a measure of the accuracy of consonant production (Percentage of Consonants Correct), and two estimators of phonetic complexity (phonetic products for utterance and word length units). Regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between complexity of word combinations, as measured by length of utterance in morphemes and a propositional complexity analysis, and utilization of phonetic production skills. The results revealed modest tradeoffs between complexity of word combinations and accuracy of consonant production for 2 of the 5 children. The results also showed tradeoffs between complexity of word combinations and phonetic complexity of individual lexical items (phonetic product for words) for 4 of the 5 children. As the complexity of these 4 children’s multiword combinations increased, the phonetic complexity of individual lexical items decreased. These results are consistent with synergistic theories of language acquisition and language processing that emphasize dynamic tradeoffs in interactions among language processing levels in a limited capacity production system.

Visual and Auditory Recognition of Prefixed Words

1986 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Taft ◽  
Gail Hambly ◽  
Sachiko Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Cohort Model ◽  
Auditory Recognition ◽  
Prefixed Words ◽  
Visual Lexical Decision

The involvement of stem storage and prefix stripping in the recognition of spoken and printed prefixed words was examined. In both an auditory and a visual lexical decision experiment, it was found that prefixed nonwords were more difficult to classify as nonwords than were non-prefixed nonwords. This difference was larger, though, when the “stem” of the nonword was a genuine stem in English (e.g., dejoice versus tejoice) than when it was not (e.g., dejouse versus tejouse). The results suggest that prefixed words are recognized via a representation of their stem after the prefix has been removed, and this is true regardless of the modality of presentation of the word. Implications are considered for the Cohort model of spoken word recognition.

Verbal hallucinations and language production processes in schizophrenia

1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph E. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
External Source ◽  
Critical Feature ◽  
Cognitive States ◽  
Sensory Features ◽  
Verbal Imagery

AbstractHow is it that many schizophrenics identify certain instances of verbal imagery as hallucinatory? Most investigators have assumed that alterations in sensory features of imagery explain this. This approach, however, has not yielded a definitive picture of the nature of verbal hallucinations. An alternative perspective suggests itself if one allows the possibility that the nonself quality of hallucinations is inferred on the basis of the experience of unintendedness that accompanies imagery production. Information-processing models of “intentional” cognitive processes call for abstract planning representations that are linked to goals and beliefs. Unintended actions - and imagery - can reflect planning disruptions whereby cognitive products do not cohere with concurrent goals. A model of schizophrenic speech disorganization is presented that postulates a disturbance of discourse planning. Insofar as verbal imagery can be viewed as inwardly directed speech, a consequence of such planning disturbances could be the production of unintended imagery. This link between the outward disorganization of schizophrenic speech and unintended verbal imagery is statistically supported by comparing the speech behavior of hallucinating and nonhallucinating schizophrenics. Studies of “borderline” hallucinations during normal, “goal-less” relaxation and drowsiness suggest that experiential unintendedness leads to a nonpathological variant of hallucinatory otherness that is correctable upon emerging from such passive cognitive states. This contrasts with the schizophrenic case, where nonconcordance with cognitive goals reinforces the unintendedness of verbal images and sustains the conviction of an external source. This model compares favorably with earlier models of verbal hallucinations and provides further evidence for a language production disorder in many schizophrenics.Short Abstract: How is it that many schizophrenics identify certain instances of verbal imagery as hallucinatory? This paper proposes that the critical feature identifying hallucinations is the experience of unintendedness. This experience is nonpathological during passive conscious states but pathological if occurring during goal-directed cognitive processing. A model of schizophrenic speech disorganization is presented that postulates a disturbance of discourse planning that specifies communicative intentions. These alterations could generate unintended verbal imagery as well. Statistical data are offered to support the model, and relevant empirical studies are reviewed.

Multilink for bilingual language production

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 687-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
IVA IVANOVA ◽  
DANIEL KLEINMAN
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Word Naming ◽  
Major Benefit ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions

A major benefit of computational models is their ability to demonstrate which theoretical assumptions are truly necessary to explain a pattern of data. Dijkstra, Wahl, Buytenhuijs, van Halem, Al-jibouri, de Korte, and Rekké (in press) have impressively shown with Multilink that it is possible to account for a range of findings from bilingual lexical decision, word naming, and forward and backward translation tasks with an integrated lexicon, without lateral connections between translation equivalents, and without inhibition. In this commentary, we consider the applicability of the current model to other multilingual language production tasks, and note where the model's assumptions might need revision as its scope is expanded.

The Concept of Domain in the Cognitive Theory of Metaphor

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Engberg-Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Cross Domain

In cognitive semantics metaphors are cross-domain mappings in the conceptual system. Thus the notion of domain plays a crucial role in the theory. However, domain is never defined, but taken for granted. By means of data from language acquisition and language production and comprehension I question the cognitive status of the notion of domain. Furthermore, I demonstrate that both linguistic and nonlinguistic evidence indicate that space and time are cognitively linked in a way that makes it problematic to claim that space is mapped onto time in the development of grammatical temporal markers.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of pausing in child and adult storytelling

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
MELISSA A. REDFORD
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Pause Time ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Language Context ◽  
Language Variables

ABSTRACTThe goals of the current study were (a) to assess differences in child and adult pausing and (b) to determine whether characteristics of child and adult pausing can be explained by the same language variables. Spontaneous speech samples were obtained from 10 5-year-olds and their accompanying parent using a storytelling/retelling task. Analyses of pause frequency, duration, variation in durations, and pause location indicated that pause time decreased with retelling, but not with age group except when child and adult pausing was considered in its speech and language context. The results suggest that differences in child and adult pausing reflect differences in child and adult language, not in the cognitive resources allocated to language production.

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