scholarly journals Globular cluster star classification: Application to M13

2013 ◽  
pp. 25-45
Author(s):  
R. Caimmi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Differential Abundance ◽  
Linear Fit ◽  
Sodium Abundance ◽  
Star Classification

Starting from recent determination of Fe, O, Na abundances on a restricted sample (N = 67) of halo and thick disk stars, a natural and well motivated selection criterion is defined for the classification globular cluster stars. An application is performed to M13 using a sample (N = 113) for which Fe, O, Na abundances have been recently inferred from observations. A comparison is made between the current and earlier M13 star classifications. Both O and Na empirical differential abundance distributions are determined for each class and for the whole sample (with the addition of Fe in the last case) and compared with their theoretical counterparts due to cosmic scatter obeying a Gaussian distribution whose parameters are inferred from related subsamples. The occurrence of an agreement between the empirical and theoretical distributions is interpreted as absence of significant chemical evolution and vice versa. The procedure is repeated with regard to four additional classes depending on whether oxygen and sodium abundance is above (stage CE) or below (stage AF) a selected threshold. Both O and Na empirical differential abundance distributions, related to the whole sample, exhibit a linear fit for the AF and CE stage. Within the errors, the oxygen slope for the CE stage is equal and of opposite sign with respect to the sodium slope for AF stage, while the contrary holds when dealing with the oxygen slope for the AF stage with respect to the sodium slope for the CE stage. In the light of simple models of chemical evolution applied to M13, oxygen depletion appears to be mainly turned into sodium enrichment for [O/H]? -1.35 and [Na/H]? -1.45, while one or more largely preferred channels occur for [O/H]< -1.35 and [Na/H]> -1.45. In addition, the primordial to the current M13 mass ratio can be inferred from the true sodium yield in units of the sodium solar abundance. Though the above results are mainly qualitative due to large (-+1.5 dex) uncertainties in abundance determination, still the exhibited trend is expected to be real. The proposed classification of globular cluster stars may be extended in a twofold manner, namely to: (i) elements other than Na and Fe and (ii) globular clusters other than M13.

scholarly journals Red Giants in Globular Clusters and Large-Scale Variations in The Galaxy

1980 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 817-826
Author(s):  
B. E. J. Pagel
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Red Giants ◽  
Mixing Effects ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Metal Abundance ◽  
Red Giant

SummaryThis review concerns recent work on the determination of overall metallicities [Fe/H] in a number of globular clusters and the systematics of mixing effects displayed (usually) by weak CH and strong CN. Special attention is given to the globular cluster ω Centauri, where both metal abundance variations and mixing effects occur and are closely intertwined. Recent observations carried out at the Anglo-Australian Telescope by E.A. Mallia and D.C. Watts have revealed large variations in the strength of metallic lines across the red giant branch of this cluster.

The relationship between globular cluster parameters and abundance variations

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (S351) ◽  
pp. 333-336
Author(s):  
David M. Nataf
Keyword(s):  
Early Universe ◽  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
Nitrogen Abundance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Sodium Abundance ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe discuss a meta-analysis of the association of abundance variations in globular cluster stars with the present-day stellar mass and metallicity of globular clusters. Using data for 42 globular clusters that are well-sampled from either or both of prior literature studies and the APOGEE survey, we confirm prior findings that increasing aluminum abundance variations in globular clusters are positively correlated with increasing present-day stellar mass or decreasing metallicity. We also demonstrate that the ratio of aluminum abundance variations to either nitrogen abundance variations or sodium abundance variations is itself positively correlated with decreasing metallicity and increasing stellar mass of globular clusters. This suggests that there were at least two non-supernovae chemical polluters that were active in the early universe.

scholarly journals The Gaia-ESO Survey: an extremely Li-rich giant in globular cluster NGC 1261

2020 ◽  
Vol 639 ◽  
pp. L2
Author(s):  
N. Sanna ◽  
E. Franciosini ◽  
E. Pancino ◽  
A. Mucciarelli ◽  
M. Tsantaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Giant Star ◽  
Very Large Telescope ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Red Giant ◽  
Process Elements

Lithium-rich stars in globular clusters are rare. Only 14 have been found so far, in different evolutionary phases from dwarfs to giants. Different mechanisms have been proposed to explain this enhancement, but it is still an open problem. Using spectra collected within the Gaia-ESO Survey, obtained with the GIRAFFE spectrograph at the ESO Very Large Telescope, we present the discovery of the first Li-rich star in the cluster NGC 1261, the second star known in the red giant branch bump phase. The star shows an extreme Li overabundance of A(Li)LTE = 3.92 ± 0.14, corresponding to A(Li)NLTE = 3.40 dex. We propose that the Li enhancement is caused by fresh Li production through an extra mixing process (sometimes referred to as cool bottom burning). Alternatively, it could be a pre-existing Li overabundance caused by mass-transfer from a red giant star; this mechanism does not enhance the barium abundance and thus we observe low barium. To unambiguously explain the Li enhancement in globular cluster stars, however, a reliable determination of the abundance of key species like Be, 6Li, 12C/13C, and several s-process elements is required, as well as detailed modelling of chromospheric activity indicators.

scholarly journals A New Survey of Globular Cluster Structural and Luminosity Parameters

1988 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 489-490
Author(s):  
B. Cameron Reed ◽  
Charles J. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Simplex Algorithm ◽  
Photoelectric Photometry ◽  
Central Surface ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Photometric Measurements

We have made an analysis of the visual photometric data contained in the Catalogue of Concentric Aperture UBVRI Photoelectric Photometry of Globular Clusters (Peterson 1986). Structural parameters have been obtained by use of the Simplex algorithm of Caceci and Cacheris (1984) to fit the model curves of King (1966) to the run of cluster luminosity with radius. We find that concentric aperture photometry alone can be used to determine globular cluster core radii and central surface brigtnesses reliably. Application of this techique, however, is limited to about two-thirds of the known clusters of the Galaxy because no or inadequate numbers of photometric measurements exist for the remaining clusters. Accurate determination of cluster concentration classes still requires use of other types of data, such as star counts.

scholarly journals Globular Cluster Luminosity Functions

1988 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 121-131
Author(s):  
Pierre Demarque
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Mass Function ◽  
Initial Mass Function ◽  
Stellar Structure ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Helium Content ◽  
Luminosity Functions

The use of luminosity functions in the following areas is reviewed: (a) the determination of the helium content and ages of the globular clusters; (b) the testing of stellar structure theory; and (c) the determination of the initial mass function of globular clusters.

The GOTHAM survey: chemical evolution of Milky Way globular clusters

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (S334) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Bruno Dias ◽  
Beatriz Barbuy ◽  
Ivo Saviane ◽  
Enrico V. Held ◽  
Gary Da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Stellar Population ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Open Clusters ◽  
Giant Stars ◽  
Globular Cluster System ◽  
Galactic Globular Clusters ◽  
Red Giant

AbstractMilky Way globular clusters are excellent laboratories for stellar population detailed analysis that can be applied to extragalactic environments with the advent of the 40m-class telescopes like the ELT. The globular cluster population traces the early evolution of the Milky Way which is the field of Galactic archaeology. We present our GlObular clusTer Homogeneous Abundance Measurement (GOTHAM) survey. We derived radial velocities, Teff, log(g), [Fe/H], [Mg/Fe] for red giant stars in one third of all Galactic globular clusters that represent well the Milky Way globular cluster system in terms of metallicity, mass, reddening, and distance. Our method is based on low-resolution spectroscopy and is intrinsically reddening free and efficient even for faint stars. Our [Fe/H] determinations agree with high-resolution results to within 0.08 dex. The GOTHAM survey provides a new metallicity scale for Galactic globular clusters with a significant update of metallicities higher than [Fe/H] &gt; -0.7. We show that the trend of [Mg/Fe] with metallicity is not constant as previously found, because now we have more metal-rich clusters. Moreover, peculiar clusters whose [Mg/Fe] does not match Galactic stars for a given metallicity are discussed. We also measured the CaII triplet index for all stars and we show that the different chemical evolution of Milky Way open clusters, field stars, and globular clusters implies different calibrations of calcium triplet to metallicity.

scholarly journals Absolute Proper and Space Motion of the Globular Cluster M2

1994 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 464-466
Author(s):  
M. Geffert ◽  
C. Forner ◽  
M. Hiesgen ◽  
A.R. Klemola
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Motion Study ◽  
Space Motion ◽  
First Results

Space motions of globular clusters are important for the understanding of the kinematics and chemical evolution of the Milky Way. The greatest problem for the determination of the space motions of the globular clusters arises from the difficulties of getting absolute proper motions. In the past these were determined using classical stellar reference frames, modelling of the non-cluster stars in the field and extragalactic objects in the region of the cluster (see e.g. Cudworth &amp; Hanson 1993; Geffert et al. 1993 for references). However, as shown for M 15 and M 3 (Geffert et al. 1993; Tucholke et al. 1993), the results based on different methods for deriving the absolute proper motions differ by up to yrs. In order to get a more complete view of the differences between the various methods it is therefore very interesting to get absolute proper motions based on all three methods for further objects. We present here the first results of a new proper motion study of the globular cluster M 2.

Recent Advances in High Dispersion Spectroscopy of Globular Cluster Stars

1988 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 525-530
Author(s):  
Raffaele G. Gratton
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Globular Clusters ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Photographic Material ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Metal Abundances ◽  
Ccd Detectors ◽  
Major Progress

The use CCD detectors has allowed a major progress in abundance derivations for globular cluster stars in the last years. Abundances deduced from high dispersion spectra now correlates well with other abundance indicators. I discuss some problems concerning the derivation of accurate metal abundances for globular clusters using high dispersion spectra from both the old photographic and the most recent CCD data. The discrepant low abundances found by Cohen (1980), from photographic material for M71 giants, are found to be due to the use of too high microturbulences.

Galactic orbits of stars

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Richard Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Velocity Vector ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
The Galaxy

It is now possible to determine proper motions of high-velocity objects in such a way as to obtain with some accuracy the velocity vector relevant to the Sun. If a potential field of the Galaxy is assumed, one can compute an actual orbit. A determination of the velocity of the globular clusterωCentauri has recently been completed at Greenwich, and it is found that the orbit is strongly retrograde in the Galaxy. Similar calculations may be made, though with less certainty, in the case of RR Lyrae variable stars.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document