scholarly journals Reception of the Karl Kraus’ work among Serbian intellectuals

Sociologija ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-648
Author(s):  
Jovo Bakic
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Work Analysis ◽  
German Reich

The paper explores relations of both Serbian nationalist and antinationalist intellectuals towards Karl Kraus? work. Analysis of the ?Last days of mankind? shows that Kraus wrote satires against ruling circles of the Habsburg Monarchy, demanded its reorganization, and even its destruction. He mostly ridiculed the top circles of the Habsburg Monarchy and German Reich, and unmasked their war plans against Serbia. He ridiculed warmongering Wiennese press, intellectuals, who betrayed their vocation by supporting German nationalism and Habsburg imperialism. Whereas some of the most distinctive Croatian Yugoslav-oriented intellectuals in the aftermath of WWI highly respected Karl Kraus, Serbian intellectuals have almost utterly neglected this talented nonconformist, who sympathised with Serbian and Yugoslav tendences despite their unpopularity in his own surroundings. Furthermore, interest for Kraus is much more visible in today?s Croatia than in Serbia. The paper?s goal is to offer an explanation of lack of interest for Kraus among Serbian intellectuals. In the twilight of socialism, majority of them showed nationalist parochialism, and a part of them expressed even unbridled warlike attitude, which contributed to thorough neglect of Kraus? voluminous, intellectually demanded and uncompromising pacifistic work. At the same time, anti-nationalist and pacifistic intellectuals were prepared to pay attention only for such aspects of the Kraus work, while they have neglected other aspects such as his criticism of pan-German imperialist tendences recognizable throughout the short 20th century.

scholarly journals East Central Europe in the First Globalization (1850-1914)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-90
Author(s):  
Uwe Müller
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Positioning Strategy ◽  
Economic Elites ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
European Economies ◽  
German Reich

Summary The article analyzes the position and the positioning strategy of East Central Europe in the so-called “first globalization (1850-1914)”. The focus is on foreign trade and the transfer of the two most important production factors, i.e. capital and labor. East Central Europe included in this period the territories of the Habsburg Monarchy, the Kingdom of Poland as a part of the Russian Empire, and the eastern provinces of the Kingdom of Prussia which were from 1871 onwards part of the German Reich. The article combines the theories and methods of economic history and transnational history. It sees itself as a contribution to a trans-regional history of East Central Europe by analyzing first the main “flows” and then the influence of “controls”. The article analyzes to what extent and in what way East Central Europe was involved in the globalization processes of the late 19th century. It discusses whether East Central Europe was only the object of global developments or even shaped them. In this context it asks about the role of the empires (Habsburg monarchy, German Reich, Russia) for the position of East Central European economies in the world economy. It shows that the economic elites in the centers but also on the edges of the empires developed different strategies for how to respond to the challenges of globalization.

scholarly journals Various Aspects of the Charitable Activity of Jews in Drohobych in the Early 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Thomas
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Charitable Activities

The article describes the charitable activities of Jews in Drohobych during the Habsburg monarchy and at the beginning of the Polish state. The associations described, run mainly by women, worked mainly for the benefit of Jewish orphans and children of impoverished families. The significant presence of Jews among the owners of oil companies largely contributed to the development of charity activities in the form of institutions meeting the needs of specific social groups.

Der Untergang des Habsburgerreiches aus der Perspektive einer modernen Familiengeschichte (am Beispiel von Jenny Erpenbecks Roman „Aller Tage Abend“)

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1 (464)) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Ievgeniia Voloshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
European History ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Jewish Diaspora ◽  
20Th Century History ◽  
The Family ◽  
Literary Myth

Since the cultural “rediscovery” of the former eastern outskirts of the Habsburg Monarchy, Galicia has not left being literary fashion. Writers try to explore this significant place of memory (Erinnerungsort) of European cultural history, tending to arrange the literary myth of Galicia as an overarching narrative, in which the force fields of European history are merging. A striking example of such kind of literature is Jenny Erpenbeck’s novel Aller Tage Abend (2012). Praised by the critics, the text tells at the same time an autobiographical and fictional family history during the 20th century. In the article it is described how all central areas of the family history are influenced by the repressed Galician past, namely the protagonist’s lifestyles, the fate of her family, and, finally, her confrontation with the 20th-century history. The focus is on the basic components of the Galician experience, which was initially constituted by the way of living of Jewish diaspora in Habsburg Galicia and, later on, by the emigration of the family to Vienna. Furthermore, connections between Erpenbeck’s concept of the Galician past and the literary myth of Galicia are examined.

Austria and Aristide Birand's 1930 Memorandum

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Ziegerhofer
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
European History ◽  
World War ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Nation States ◽  
German Reich

The end of World War I marked a turning point in European history: Europe was dismembered into nation-states from the former territories of the German Reich and the Danubian monarchy, creating a belt of borders stretching approximately twenty thousand kilometers. The dissolution of the Habsburg monarchy alone brought about destabilization not only to the region but to Europe as a whole.

scholarly journals Saint Vitus Day in Sarajevo

Napredak ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Radoslav Gaćinović
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Revolutionary Politics ◽  
South Slavs

As a nationwide movement for the liberation and unification of South Slavic peoples at beginning of the 20th century, Young Bosnia was the only hope of the peoples in occupied and disenfranchised Bosnia and Herzegovina for achieving emancipation and unification. The title "Young Bosnia" was first used by Petar Kocic in the newspaper Otadzbina ("Fatherland") in 1907, and then by Vladimir Gacinovic in an article published in Almanac of Prosveta ("Education") in 1910. Despite their innate instinct that force should be resisted with force, the Young Bosnians and their supporters had a much deeper understanding of the historical perspective than many of their contemporaries among the South Slavs. Firstly, they understood the inescapability of the destruction of the Habsburg Monarchy through revolution and secondly, they understood the need for the establishment of a Yugoslav federal community consisting of different South Slavic nations with the same ethnic origin but with separate histories. One may have their own opinion regarding the methods of Gavrilo Princip and his co-fighters, but it is certain that for reasons of their patriotism, courage and selflessness the Sarajevo assassins can be included in the group of prominent fighters for the liberation of their disenfranchised and humiliated countrymen. Many historians agree that the Sarajevo assassination was in character an act of self-defense for the purpose of liberation as it was founded on the revolutionary politics of the young people who were, it is possible to say now, the most forward-thinking Bosnian youths of the time. Their fundamental patriotic consciousness and their philosophical thought as a political superstructure, enlivened with the revolutionary spirit and pride of every individual member, greatly contributed to the formation of their views and strengthened their commitment to their struggle.

“The Monster”

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-193
Author(s):  
A. Wess Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Roman Emperor ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
System P ◽  
German System ◽  
German Reich ◽  
Northern Frontier

This chapter details the struggle with Prussia, from Frederick the Great’s first invasion of Silesia to the stalemate of the War of the Bavarian Succession (1778–79). Though a member of the German Reich and titular supplicant to the Habsburg Holy Roman emperor, Prussia possessed predatory ambitions and a military machine with which to realize them. Under Frederick II (the Great), Prussia launched a series of wars against the Habsburg lands that would span four decades and bring the Habsburg Monarchy to the brink of collapse. Though physically larger than Prussia, Austria was rarely able to defeat Frederick’s armies in the field. Instead, it used strategies of attrition, centered on terrain and time management, to draw out the contests and mobilize advantages in population, resources, and allies. First, in the period of greatest crisis (1740–48), Austria used tactics of delay to separate, wear down, and repel the numerically superior armies of Frederick and his allies. Second, from 1748 to 1763, Austria engineered allied coalitions and reorganized its field army to offset Prussian advantages and force Frederick onto the strategic defensive. Third, from 1764 to 1779, it built fortifications to deter Prussia and finally seal off the northern frontier. Together, these techniques enabled Austria to survive repeated invasions, contain the threat from Prussia, and reincorporate it into the Habsburg-led German system.

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