scholarly journals The effects of ethanol addition with waste pork lard methyl ester on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panneer John ◽  
Karuppannan Vadivel
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Pork Lard ◽  
Peak Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Ethanol Addition ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
And Performance

In the recent research, as a result of depletion of world petroleum reserves, considerable attention has been focused on the use of different alternative fuels in diesel engines. The present work aims to ensure the possibility of adding ethanol as an additive with animal fat biodiesel that is tested as an alternative fuel for diesel in a CI engine. In this study, biodiesel is obtained from waste pork lard by base-catalyzed transesterification with methanol when potassium hydroxide as catalyst. 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% by volume of ethanol is blended with neat biodiesel in order to improve performance and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine. The experimental work is carried out in a 3.7 kW, single cylinder, naturally aspirated, water cooled, direct injection diesel engine for different loads and at a constant speed of 1500 rpm. The performance, emission and combustion characteristics of biodiesel-ethanol blends are investigated by comparing them with neat biodiesel and standard diesel. The experimental test results showed that the combustion and performance characteristics improved with the increase in percentage of ethanol addition with biodiesel. When compared to neat biodiesel and standard diesel, an increase in brake thermal efficiency of 5.8% and 4.1% is obtained for BEB7.5 blend at full load of the engine. With the increase in percentage of ethanol fraction in the blends, peak cylinder pressure and the corresponding heat release rate are increased. Biodiesel-ethanol blends exhibit longer ignition delay and shorter combustion duration when compared to neat biodiesel. Optimum reduction in carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon and smoke emission are attained while using BEB5 blend at full load of the engine. However, there is an adverse effect in case of nitrogen oxide emission.

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation on the Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of CI Diesel Engine at Various Compression Ratio With Different Ethanol-biodiesel Blends

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramanyam Pavuluri ◽  
B. Sidda Reddy ◽  
B.Durga Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Renewable Feedstocks ◽  
Ethanol Addition ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
And Performance

In the present scenario of increased industrialization and transportation in the world leads to increased consumption of fossil fuels which in turns leads to depletion of fossil fuels at a faster rate. Fossil fuels combustion is the dominant source for greenhouse gases and global warming. In view of energy crisis raised in 1970’s and environmental concern, many researches are directed towards search of alternative fuels which can replace consumption of fossil fuels as well as reduce pollution. In developing countries like India which is agriculture land the best alternative fuels are biodiesel and ethanol as they are produced from renewable feedstocks like sugarcane, corn etc. and they are also less hazardous to environment because of lower emission property. Ethanol blends results in significant reduction of emissions of hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and particulates matter but increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx). The main purpose of ethanol addition is to reduce the viscosity of biodiesel blends. This paper represents significance of Compression Ratio(CR) on performance, combustion and emission of single cylinder four stroke CI diesel engine by using various compression ratios such as 17.5:1, 18.5:1 and 19.5:1. Experimental research has been conducted with four types of ethanol blends, namely E10, E20, E30 and E40. Ethanol-biodiesel mixture mixed with 2% emulsifier 1% diethyl carbonate and 1% ethyl acetate to maintain similarity and to avoid phase separation. Ethanol subjected to high compression ratio has been used to increase brake thermal efficiency (BTE). The compression ratio has been increased to improve the combustion and performance of the diesel engine.

A Study of the Performance Emission and Combustion Characteristics of a DI Diesel Engine Using Waste Cooking Oil Methyl Ester-Ethanol Blends

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Anand ◽  
G. R. Kannan ◽  
P. Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Ethanol Blends

The growing environmental concerns and the depletion of petroleum reserves have caused the development of alternative fuels. Biodiesel and alcohols are receiving increasing attention as alternative fuels for diesel engines due to well oxygenated, renewable fuels. In this study, a single cylinder, naturally aspirated, direct injection diesel engine has been experimentally investigated using ethanol-blended waste cooking oil methyl ester. Various proportion of biodiesel-ethanol blends were used in stability test at the different temperatures from 10 °C to 40 °C in the increment of 10°C. Based on the stability tests and improvement in fuel properties, B90E10 (90% biodiesel and 10% ethanol) and B80E20 (80% biodiesel and 20% ethanol) were selected for this investigation. Test results revealed that the improved engine characteristics with the use of B9E10 especially in comparison with B80E20. Reduction in brake thermal efficiency by 3.8% and slightly higher brake specific energy consumption of 15.1% were observed with B90E10 when compared to diesel at 100% load condition. Carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon, nitric oxide and smoke emission of B90E10 were reduced by 0.09% by vol., 10 ppm, 187 ppm and 12.9%, respectively compared to diesel. B90E10 exhibited lower peak pressure of 70.5 bar, slightly longer ignition delay of 14.2 °CA, and combustion duration of 43.3 °CA was also observed at 100% load condition.

scholarly journals Combustion Phenomena, Emissions and Performance Characteristics of Lemongrass Oil in Direct Injection (DI) Compression Ignition Diesel

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2380-2386
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Oil Blends ◽  
Cymbopogon Flexuosus ◽  
Lemongrass Oil ◽  
And Performance

Development of alternative fuels used in IC engines employ traditionally advance process which creates a fuel related issues, decisive fuel properties are indentified and their specific values are defined to solve problem. The present work deals with lemongrass oil (cymbopogon flexuosus) as an alternative fuel. By using trans-esterification process the lemongrass oil converted into biodiesel. This biodiesel is blended with the conventional diesel with various proportions and tests were conducted on 20%, 30% and 50% lemongrass oil blends with diesel. The performance characteristics, emissions and combustion phenomena are studied at 1500rpm of engine speed and compression ratio of 17.5 in a 4- stroke cycle mono cylinder DI compression ignition diesel engine. Comparison studies are made with conventional diesel fuel. Experimental outcomes revealed the successful ignition process in which the heat energy released from a DI compression ignition diesel engine fueled with lemon grass oil is within the limits.

Effect of altitude conditions on combustion and performance of a turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110262
Author(s):  
Zhentao Liu ◽  
Jinlong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Allowable Limit ◽  
Spray Formation ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
And Performance

Market globalization necessitates the development of heavy duty diesel engines that can operate at altitudes up to 5000 m without significant performance deterioration. But the current scenario is that existing studies on high altitude effects are still not sufficient or detailed enough to take effective measures. This study applied a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine with simulated boosting pressure to investigate the performance degradation at high altitude, with the aim of adding more knowledge to the literature. Such a research engine was conducted at constant speed and injection strategy but different ambient conditions from sea level to 5000 m in altitude. The results indicated the effects of altitude on engine combustion and performance can be summarized as two aspects. First comes the extended ignition delay at high altitude, which would raise the rate of pressure rise to a point that can exceed the maximum allowable limit and therefore shorten the engine lifespan. The other disadvantage of high-altitude operation is the reduced excess air ratio and gas density inside cylinder. Worsened spray formation and mixture preparation, together with insufficient and late oxidation, would result in reduced engine efficiency, increased emissions, and power loss. The combustion and performance deteriorations were noticeable when the engine was operated above 4000 m in altitude. All these findings support the need for further fundamental investigations of in-cylinder activities of diesel engines working at plateau regions.

Spray and Combustion Characteristics of Biodiesel∕Diesel Blended Fuel in a Direct Injection Common-Rail Diesel Engine

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Kyu Suh ◽  
Hyun Gu Roh ◽  
Chang Sik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Pilot Injection ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the blending ratio and pilot injection on the spray and combustion characteristics of biodiesel fuel and compare these factors with those of diesel fuel in a direct injection common-rail diesel engine. In order to study the factors influencing the spray and combustion characteristics of biodiesel fuel, experiments involving exhaust emissions and engine performance were conducted at various biodiesel blending ratios and injection conditions for engine operating conditions. The macroscopic and microscopic spray characteristics of biodiesel fuel, such as injection rate, split injection effect, spray tip penetration, droplet diameter, and axial velocity distribution, were compared with the results from conventional diesel fuel. For biodiesel blended fuel, it was revealed that a higher injection pressure is needed to achieve the same injection rate at a higher blending ratio. The spray tip penetration of biodiesel fuel was similar to that of diesel. The atomization characteristics of biodiesel show that it has higher Sauter mean diameter and lower spray velocity than conventional diesel fuel due to high viscosity and surface tension. The peak combustion pressures of diesel and blending fuel increased with advanced injection timing and the combustion pressure of biodiesel fuel is higher than that of diesel fuel. As the pilot injection timing is retarded to 15deg of BTDC that is closed by the top dead center, the dissimilarities of diesel and blending fuels combustion pressure are reduced. It was found that the pilot injection enhanced the deteriorated spray and combustion characteristics of biodiesel fuel caused by different physical properties of the fuel.

Experimental Investigations of Performance and Emission Characteristics of Moringa Oil Methyl Ester and Its Diesel Blends in a Single Cylinder Direct Injection Diesel Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyamsundar Rajaraman ◽  
G. K. Yashwanth ◽  
T. Rajan ◽  
R. Siva Kumaran ◽  
P. Raghu
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Moringa Oil

World at present is confronted with the twin crisis of fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution. Rapid escalation in prices and hydrocarbon resources depletion has led us to look for alternative fuels, which can satisfy ever increasing demands of energy as well as protect the environment from noxious pollutants. In this direction an attempt has been made to study a biodiesel, namely Moringa Oil Methyl Esters [MOME]. All the experiments were carried out on a 4.4 kW naturally aspirated stationary direct injection diesel engine coupled with a dynamometer to determine the engine performance and emission analysis for MOME. It was observed that there was a reduction in HC, CO and PM emissions along with a substantial increase in NOx. MOME and its blends had slightly lower thermal efficiency than diesel oil.

Experimental Evaluation of Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Diesel Blend with the Effect of Various Injection Pressures

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 717-721
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Krishnamoorthy ◽  
K. Rajan ◽  
K.R. Senthil Kumar ◽  
M. Prabhahar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

This paper investigates the performance and emission characteristics of 20% cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL)-diesel blend (B20) in a direct injection diesel engine. The cashew nut shell liquid was prepared by pyrolysis method. The test was conducted with various nozzle opening pressures like 200 bar, 225 bar and 250 bar at different loads between no load to full load. The results showed that the brake thermal efficiency was increased by 2.54% for B20 with 225 bar at full load. The CO and smoke emissions were decreased by 50% and 14% respectively and the NOx emission were decreased slightly with 225 bar injection pressure compared with 200 bar and 250 bar at full load. On the whole, it is concluded that the B20 CNSL blend can be effectively used as a fuel for diesel engine with 225 bar injection pressure without any modifications.

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