scholarly journals Exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a steam boiler

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (Suppl. 5) ◽  
pp. 1601-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Mitrovic ◽  
Branislav Stojanovic ◽  
Jelena Janevski ◽  
Marko Ignjatovic ◽  
Goran Vuckovic
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
A Value ◽  
Exergoeconomic Analysis ◽  
Coal Reserves ◽  
The Cost

Relying on coal as primary fuel in thermal power plants represents an unsustainable concept due to limited coal reserves and a negative environmental impact. Efficient utilization of coal reserves and a request for minimization of irreversibilities are imperative for thermal power plants operation. Numerous studies have shown that a steam boiler is a thermal power plant component with the highest irreversibility. The idea of this paper is to quantify the amounts and sources of irreversibilities within a steam boiler and its components, serving a 348.5MWe thermal power plant. Having this in mind, exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a steam boiler is presented in this paper. Exergy destruction and exergy efficiency of all boiler components and of the boiler as a whole were calculated. Based on exergy flows and economic parameters (cost of the boiler, annual operation hours of the unit, maintenance factor, interest rate, operating period of the boiler), exergy analysis resulted in the cost of produced steam. The obtained results show that the boiler exergy efficiency is at 47.4%, with the largest exergy destruction occurring in the combustion chamber with a value of 288.07 MW (60.04%), and the smallest in the air heater with a value of 4.57 MW (0.95%). The cost of produced steam is calculated at 49,356.7 $/h by applying exergoeconomic analysis.

scholarly journals Application of exergoeconomic analysis for power plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (6 Part A) ◽  
pp. 2653-2666
Author(s):  
Fatih Unal ◽  
Derya Ozkan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Exergoeconomic Analysis ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Exergy Losses

Currently, energy resources are rapidly consumed. Therefore, scientists and engi?neers study the effective use of energy. In the present study, a thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analysis was performed in a thermal power plant in Turkey. The study involved determining the thermodynamic properties of 27 node points in a thermal power plant unit, and this was followed by calculating energy and exergy values of every node. Mean exergy costs were calculated by establishing energy and exergy balances of the equipment with respect to the calculated results. Subsequently, lost and damaged energies and exergies were calculated, and exergoeconomic factors were determined. The equipments were compared with each other on a graph based on the obtained results. The maximum rate of exergy loss and cost of exergy destruction corresponded to 79.5% and 886,66 $/h, respectively. The maximum exergy losses in a thermal power plant occurred in the boiler, turbine groups, condenser, heating group, pumps, and auxiliary groups. The highest and second highest law efficiencies of the studied thermal power plant corresponded to 32.3% and 28.5%, respectively. The study also involved presenting suggestions for improvement. Additionally, exergoeconomic analyses were conducted while considering the power plants? investment and equipment maintenance costs. It is expected that the calculation method and the obtained results can be applied to other thermal power plants.

Features of antibodies against benzo[a]pyrene formation in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Ye. G. Polenok ◽  
S. A. Mun ◽  
L. A. Gordeeva ◽  
A. A. Glushkov ◽  
M. V. Kostyanko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Immune Reactions

Introduction.Coal dust and coal fi ring products contain large amounts of carcinogenic chemicals (specifically benz[a]pyrene) that are different in influence on workers of coal mines and thermal power plants. Specific immune reactions to benz[a]pyrene therefore in these categories of workers can have specific features.Objective.To reveal features of antibodies specifi c to benz[a]pyrene formation in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants.Materials and methods.The study covered A and G class antibodies against benz[a]pyrene (IgA-Bp and IgG-Bp) in serum of 705 males: 213 donors of Kemerovo blood transfusion center (group 1, reference); 293 miners(group 2) and 199 thermal power plant workers (group 3). Benz[a]pyrene conjugate with bovine serum albumin as an adsorbed antigen was subjected to immune-enzyme assay.Results.IgA-Bp levels in the miners (Me = 2.7) did not differ from those in the reference group (Me = 2.9), but in the thermal power plant workers (Me = 3.7) were reliably higher than those in healthy men and in the miners (p<0.0001). Levels of IgG-Bp in the miners (Me = 5.0) appeared to be lower than those in the reference group (Me = 6.4; (p = 0.05). IgG-Bb level in the thermal power plantworkers (Me = 7.4) exceeded the parameters in the healthy donors and the miners (p<0.0001). Non-industrial factors (age and smoking) appeared tohave no influence on specific immune reactions against benz[a]pyrene in the miners and the thermal power plant workers.Conclusions.Specific immune reactions against benz[a]pyrene in the miners and the thermal power plant workers are characterized by peculiarities: the miners demonstrate lower levels of class A serum antibodies to benz[a]pyrene; the thermal power plant workers present increased serum levels of class G antibodies to benz[a]pyrene. These peculiarities result from only the occupational features, but do not depend on such factors as age, smoking and length of service at hazardous production. It is expedient to study specific immune reactions to benz[a]pyrene in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants, to evaluate individual oncologic risk and if malignancies occur.

Rough Sets Based Simplified Analysis of Energy Loss Indicators in Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 4130-4133
Author(s):  
Song Feng Tian ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Yun Feng Tian ◽  
Shuang Bai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Rough Sets ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
Key Indicators

There are many kinds of energy loss indicators in power plant, and there are some relevance among the various indicators. So extraction of the key indicators plays an important role between in energy loss analysis of power plants and optimal management of thermal power plants. Based on the characteristics of these indicators, the idea of rough sets was applied to the energy loss analysis of thermal power plants, then we proposed a new algorithm -- use fuzzy C means algorithm (FCM) to discrete cluster the energy loss indicators of thermal power plant, and then analysis simplified the results with algorithm Johnson. Real experiments (Chaozhou 1,2 and Ningde 3,4 assembling units which of the same type in the SIS system under the THA working condition)’ results had proved high accuracy and valuable of the algorithm.

SANITARY PROTECTION ZONES BY NOISE FACTOR FROM GAS DISTRIBUTION POINTS

Akustika ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Vladimir Tupov ◽  
Vitaliy Skvortsov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Protection Zone

The power equipment of thermal power plants is a source of noise to the surrounding area. One of the sources of noise for the surrounding area are gas distribution points (GDP) of thermal power plants (TPP) and district thermal power plants (RTS). Noise from gas distribution points may exceed sanitary standards at the border of the sanitary protection zone. The article shows that the radiated noise from gas distribution points depends on the power of the thermal power plant (natural gas consumption) and the type of valves. Three types of valves used in gas distribution points are considered. Formulas are obtained for calculating the width of the sanitary protection zone for gas distribution points for thermal stations, depending on the consumption of natural gas (electric power of the thermal power plant) and the type of valve. It is shown that, depending on the valve used, the noise level at the border of the sanitary protection zone can either meet sanitary standards or exceed them. This allows at the design stage to select the required type of valve or to determine mitigation measures from hydraulic fracturing.

Supplier Selection Criterion for SSCM in Indian Thermal Power Plant

2019 ◽  
pp. 240-257
Author(s):  
Suchismita Satapathy
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Main Motive

All companies are dependent on their raw material providers. The same applies in the case of thermal power plants. The major raw material for a thermal power plant is the coal. There are a lot of companies which in turn provide this coal to the thermal power plant. Some of these companies are international; some are local, whereas the others are localized. The thermal power plants look into all the aspects of the coal providing company, before settling down for a deal. Some people are specifically assigned to the task of managing the supply chain. The main motive is to optimize the whole process and achieve higher efficiency. There are a lot of things which a thermal power plant looks into before finalizing a deal, such as the price, quality of goods, etc. Thus, it is very important for the raw material providers to understand each and every aspect of the demands of the thermal power plant. A combination of three methods—Delphi, SWARA, and modified SWARA—has been applied to a list of factors, which has later been ranked according to the weight and other relevant calculations.

Development Prospects of Non-Thermal Plasma Technology Used in the Thermal Power Plants in China

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Ming Sun ◽  
Shui-e Yin ◽  
Xu-Dong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Integration Technology ◽  
Non Thermal Plasma ◽  
Thermal Plasma Technology

This paper mainly seeks to explore and answer some questions for desulfurization and denitration in thermal power plants in China. Firstly, the desulfurization and denitration technology applicated in the power plant in China at present were analyzed. It is considered that taken combination of the existed technique for purified the pollutants from the thermal power plants, not only lead to the wastage of huge amount of investment, increasing of operating costs, decreasing of the economic benefits, but also add an additional area. It is necessary to develop the integration technology of desulfurization and denitration simultaneously. Secondly the integration technology of desulfurization and denitration at present in China was briefly reviewed such as activated carbon adsorption, SNRB, etc. and most of those at a research stage include the plasma technology. In the third of the paper, the non-thermal plasma technology i.e electron-beam technique, corona discharge and dielectric barrier discharge were discussed. Finally, combined with the actual situation in China, the application prospects of the desulfurization and denitration technology using plasma discharge in the flue gas was bring up. The article also pointed out the barriers need to be overcome if the technology will be applied in power plant, as well as the development direction of desulfurization and denitration technology from flue gas in power plant in China.

Exergoeconomic Analysis of Intercooled, Reheated and Recuperated Gas Turbine Cycles With Air Film Blade Cooling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed El-Damaty ◽  
Mohamed Gadalla
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Exergoeconomic Analysis ◽  
The Cost

For many years, thermodynamic analysis was considered to be the principal tool that is used to predict the performance of a power plant. Recently, the environmental effect and the cost of power plants have been considered as important as the thermodynamic performance in design of power plants. Thus, researchers started to adopt a relevantly new approach called the exergoeconomic analysis which combines the thermodynamic technicalities as well as the economic analysis to design power plants. The exergoeconomic analysis provides crucial information that helps in foreseeing not only the thermodynamic performance but also all economic variables related to power plants. Increasing the efficiency of the power plant has been the major concern in power plants. Thus, the global approach of reaching high turbine inlet temperatures to improve the efficiency of power plants, has exposed the turbine blades to some serious problems. Thereby, cooling the turbine blades has become an important aspect that needs to be taken care of during the power plant operation. In this paper, a cooled gas turbine with intercooler, recuperator and reheater is adopted where it is incorporated with a cooling system. An exergoeconomic analysis accompanied by a sensitivity analysis was performed on the gas turbine cycle to determine the exergo-economic factor and the relative cost difference in addition to study the effect of different variables on the gas turbine thermal and exergetic efficiency, net specific work and the total cost rate. Average cost theory approach was adopted from various thermo-economic methodologies to determine the cost calculation during this investigation. The results showed a reduction in the total coolant mass flow rate in the base case where no cooling systems are integrated from 3.349 kg/s to 3.01 kg/s, 2.995 kg/s and 2.977 kg/s in the case of integrating the cooling systems triple stage Maisotsenko desiccant, triple stage precooling Maisotsenko desiccant and triple stage extra cooling Maisotsenko desiccant, respectively. Accordingly, the thermal efficiency has increased to reach 52.69%, 52.89% and 53.12% by the integration of TS-MD, TS-PMD and TS-EMD cooling systems, respectively.

Research on the Unit Commitment of Thermal Power Plant Based on Genetic Algorithm

2013 ◽  
Vol 416-417 ◽  
pp. 2110-2113
Author(s):  
Xing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Fuel Loss ◽  
Load Regulation

This paper, focusing on the practical moving condition of the thermal power plants, studied in detail that how to did the curve fitting according to the units data collected from Tianjin Dagang Power Plant; studied the each fuel loss in the process of start-stop the units and their calculation methods; and put forward that fuel consumption and life expenditure while starting and stopping the units should be considered when using peak-load regulation; worked out the GA program and proved GAs accuracy and superiority through the calculation examples, and showed that GA had great practical and research meaning.

scholarly journals Fly ash and slag utilization for the Serbian railway substructure

Transport ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Vukićević ◽  
Zdenka Popović ◽  
Jovan Despotović ◽  
Luka Lazarević
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Nikola Tesla ◽  
Railway Substructure

Approximately 7 million tons of fly ash and slag are produced in thermal power plants in Serbia every year, only 3% of which is used in the cement industry. About 300 million tons of the ash-slag mixture are disposed in landfills, occupying an area of approximately 1600 hectares and generating environmental issues. Fly ash from Serbian power plants has pozzolanic properties and due to low concentration of calcium compounds (less than 10% CaO), they do not have self-cementing properties. According to the ASTM C618-15, this ash is from class F. According to the European Standard EN 197-1:2011, this ash is siliceous (type V) ash. From April 2014 to May 2015, an investigation of engineering properties of fly ash and mixtures of fly ash and slag from landfill (without or with binders of cement/lime) was conducted at the Laboratory of Soil Mechanics at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the University of Belgrade (Serbia) and at the Institute for Testing of Materials – IMS Institute in Belgrade. The laboratory test results were showed in the study ‘Utilization of fly ash and slag produced in the TPP JP EPS thermal power plants for construction of railways’. Four kinds of waste materials from Serbian power plants were laboratory tested: (a) an ash-slag mixture from landfills at the ‘Nikola Tesla A’ thermal power plant; (b) fly ash from silos in the ‘Nikola Tesla B’ thermal power plant; (c) an ash-slag mixture from landfills at the ‘Kostolac A’ and ‘Kostolac B’ thermal power plants and ‘Srednje kostolačko ostrvo’ landfill; (d) fly ash from the ‘Kostolac’ thermal power plant. The following physical and mechanical properties of ash and mixtures were investigated: grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, specific gravity, moisture-density relationship, shear strength parameters in terms of effective stresses, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), and deformation parameters. The paper presents the results of laboratory tests of the materials with and without binders, and based on the laboratory results and previous research, the paper presents possibilities of using fly ash and slag for the construction of railway substructure in the planned construction and reconstruction of railway network in Serbia. The obtained results indicate that tested fly ash and ash-slag mixture have met the technical requirements and that they have the potential to be used in railway substructure.

scholarly journals Aggregate estimation of investments in power plant units using a parametric power function

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
Pavel Shchinnikov ◽  
◽  
Alina Frantseva ◽  
Ivan Sadkin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Function ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Parametric Function ◽  
Aggregate Estimation ◽  
The Cost

In the course of designing new generating equipment for power plants and their thermal circuits, in the absence of information about their cost, analog indicators and/or expert assessments are used in the design practice. This approach allows us to compare various options if they can be brought to a comparable form and when the same type of equipment is used. When it is necessary to compare options that differ not only in the specified capacity, but also in the equipment configuration, a more accurate assessment of investment is required. The article proposes a method for estimating capital investment in power plants using a power parametric function. Capital investment is assessed for each unit of the power plant and its engineering system. A special feature of the approach is that the higher the cost of the unit is, the higher its thermodynamic characteristics, power, time of load use, etc. These factors are taken into account by the exponent in the power function. In addition, the correction coefficients take into account the configuration of the equipment, its climatic design, and configuration features. The combination of factors that are taken into account in the power function makes it possible to obtain an estimate of the cost of equipment in different versions. The uniformity of the problem statement makes it possible to apply the approach both to design tasks and to scientific and applied tasks of comparing the existing, newly developed and promising technologies. This paper presents the updating and development of the method developed in previous years at the department of thermal power plants of NSTU. Equations for determining investment in the main units and technical systems of power plants are presented. Estimates of investment in power plants currently under construction in Russia are made. It is shown that investment in power plants in Russia is 20-50% lower than in the USA and Europe, and 20-30% higher than in China.

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