Integrated Estimation of a Cyber-Physical System’s Sustainability

Currently, in conditions of Industry 4.0, the use of cyber-physical systems in various fields is becoming widespread. This article is devoted to the problem of estimating CPS sustainability in the context of modern challenges faced by decision makers and IT developers in order to ensure effective proactive business process management using this innovative technology. The purpose of the research is to propose and substantiate a methodology for estimating CPS sustainability to ensure the reliability and strength of its elements, their interrelationships and interaction, as well as the effective functioning and development of this system in conditions of high dynamism and uncertainty of the external environment. In this study, we used methods of integral evaluation, synthesis, expert assessments, dynamic analysis, and systematic approach, and coined the term ‘CPS sustainability’. Our study showed that negative risks, external and internal threats may have a significant adverse impact on CPS sustainability. The reliability of this system should be evaluated on the basis of integrated indicators. The key indicators, reflecting the reliability of maintaining the properties of the CPS in a normal state of its function and further development, were identified. We propose a methodology for estimating CPS sustainability. In general, the presented results form the basis for improving CPS management to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of its functioning and development.

Gender budgeting: a vital element for ensuring sustainable development

The article aims to highlight the latest approaches to the introduction of countries gender budgeting. The authors propose the application of the method of ranking countries based on 4 key indicators related to the gender gap (Economic participation and opportunity, Educational attainment, Health and survival, Political empowerment) of the Global gender gap index and then analyse the result considering the level of socio-economic development of each country. Ten sample countries were randomly chosen. The results of the study confirmed the mutual influence between the gender gap and socio-economic development. The proposed method of ranking countries compared to socio-economic, political and environmental development allows countries with a high value of the gender gap index to offer specific tools to reduce it. The research conducted can help improve existing practices, facilitate initiatives to develop gender parity and further work on geographical and sectoral orientation.

Investigation of Widely Used SLAM Sensors Using Analytical Hierarchy Process

Applications of mobile robots are continuously capturing the importance in numerous areas such as agriculture, surveillance, defense, and planetary exploration to name a few. Accurate navigation of a mobile robot is highly significant for its uninterrupted operation. Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is one of the widely used techniques in mobile robots for localization and navigation. SLAM consists of front- and back-end processes, wherein the front-end includes SLAM sensors. These sensors play a significant role in acquiring accurate environmental information for further processing and mapping. Therefore, understanding the operational limits of the available SLAM sensors and data collection techniques from a single sensor or multisensors is noteworthy. In this article, a detailed literature review of widely used SLAM sensors such as acoustic sensor, RADAR, camera, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), and RGB-D is provided. The performance of SLAM sensors is compared using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) based on various key indicators such as accuracy, range, cost, working environment, and computational cost.

Analysis of real estate services digitalisation: current situation and development prospects

The article analyses the digitalisation of real estate services in Russia. Empirical works of leading analytical agencies and experts’ academic papers in the field of economic sciences has been summarised and sysrematised. The development key indicators of Russian digital economy, digitalisation level of certain service sectors, digital production features and digital consumption which characterise the digital economy development, have been considered. It has been noted that at present the digital services of in real estate services are at an early stage of development due to the small number of market participants who have fully implemented digital services and online technologies in their activities. It has been revealed that most of the stages of real estate services for the sale or purchase of residential property can be partly or fully realised using digital services and online technologies. Generalised characteristics of real estate services digitalisation at present and prospects for its development have been formulated.

DYNAMIC AND STRUCTURAL DISPROPORTATIONS OF THE BALANCE IN FOREIGN TRADE IN TEXTILE GOODS OF THE EAEU AND BELARUS

The article is devoted to the study of the balance of foreign trade in textile goods (C13) in two directions: on the one hand, the EAEU in mutual trade and with third countries, on the other hand, Belarus in mutual trade with the EAEU member states and third countries. A comparative analysis of the dynamics and changes in the structure of key indicators of foreign trade in the context of the main commodity groups, goods and key foreign trade partners has been carried out. The author identified the reasons and factors that have a negative impact on the dynamics of the balance of foreign trade in textiles between the EAEU and Belarus in order to make management decisions.

Digital Business Strategies

This chapter discusses digital strategies that can be used in business contexts. The chapter begins by discussing different enterprise configurations that can be used with computerization. The chapter then provides an overview of enterprise IT services. Next, key indicators of sustainable performance for IT services are analyzed using the balanced score card perspective. The chapter then puts forth a four-part IT management planning model. Next, a strategic model is put forth for integrating business systems, applications, and infrastructure. The chapter then discusses how to align digital and business strategies, and it analyzes the structure of the digital aims and strategies of business. The chapter concludes by applying these concepts to examples.

Digital Healthcare Strategy

This goal of this chapter is to introduce digital strategies for healthcare. The chapter begins with an analysis of key indicators of public health and the healthcare sector. Next, the chapter presents key principles for healthcare, focusing on the constitution of the national health system. A case study focusing on Poland is then presented. After this, the chapter puts forth a digital strategy for the national health system. This is followed by an analysis of several health systems: the patient information system, the clinic information system, the pharmacy information, and the hospital information system. Next, the use of big data for healthcare is considered. The chapter concludes by putting forth a model for the national health information system and by discussing important trends in the development of digital health.

Sustainable Tourism

This work intends to verify if there is academic research that proposes innovative strategies for sustainable tourism. It analyses 70 valid documents including theses, dissertations, scientific papers, and reports. Main objectives to explore are which themes stand out most; the difference between academic production in Portugal and Brazil; and how the topics of sustainability, environment, governance, planning, and regulation relate to tourism. A software for qualitative analysis is used to enrich the discussion around sustainable tourism discerning preferential governance strategies. Few works use sustainability indexes, and, if used, most of them are descriptive. For real sustainable tourism, its governance has to be based on appropriate indicators. Measures can empower destinations, providing the information needed to decide accurate and creatively. A challenge for the Portuguese academy on tourism and hospitality is to have an ongoing role in implementing key indicators and in their validation and monitoring.

OCA INDEX AS INDICATOR OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC'S PREPAREDNESS TO JOIN THE EUROPEAN MONETARY UNION

The optimum currency area (OCA) theory evaluates the currency area as optimum at a time when the participating countries are not at risk of macroeconomic instability due to the existence of a common currency. The OCA index is a tool used to comprehensively assess the costs and benefits of a candidate for joining a monetary union. It is constructed as a bilateral index assessing the appropriateness of introducing the single currency in two countries. The article presents the OCA index quantified for the Czech Republic in relation to Germany, which is considered to be the core of the European Monetary Union. Since the OCA index needs to be interpreted in a temporal or spatial comparison, the calculation of the OCA index was also performed for other countries of the Visegrad Group (V4) and furthermore for Austria and Portugal, using data from the period of 2007–2019. The results of the OCA index show a high degree of variability in the Czech Republic in the observed period. While in the first half of the period under review, the Czech Republic achieved the best results within the assessed economies and the Czech Republic's level of preparedness for the common currency with Germany was higher than in the case of Austria, it fell sharply after 2012. The reason can be seen, among other things, in the higher growth rate of the Czech economy than in the euro area. Although the OCA index is an indicator assessing the preparedness of an economy to join a monetary union, it cannot be the only indicator. Other important criteria include, for example, labour mobility, price and wage flexibility, fiscal integration and more. Although the Czech Republic is approaching the euro area average in all key indicators, the gap from it remains significant for most indicators and thus continues to be a factor against the adoption of the euro in the coming years.