Jose Cecilio del Valle's Dream of a Latin-American Federation

1963 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Louis E. Bumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
New World ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Central Americans ◽  
American Federation ◽  
Constituent Assembly ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Single Moment ◽  
History Of

In 1824, José Cecilio del Valle presented to the Constituent Assembly of Central America a portrait of “Jorge Washington.” One of a number of such gestures, the presentation has no special significance. History would be no poorer if the record of the act had been lost forever. But if Valle could have chosen from his distinguished career a single moment to convey the image he wished to cast in the pages of history, he well might have selected the instant when the likeness of Washington passed from his hands to the waiting ones of the president of the Assembly. The scene would have been impressive on canvas. Stripped of flesh, his features showing signs of scholarship's discipline, Valle bends slightly from the waist, arms outstretched, offering the gift — his promise to dedicate himself to the success of the nation that Central Americans were trying to build.But Valle had his own notions as to how Central America could succeed. Steeped in the history of the New World as well as of the Old, he thought the success of the Federation of Central America depended a great deal on the success of all new American nations. This is not to say, however, that he doubted that Central Americans could build a nation from their own resources.

Language as a Key to Latin American Historiography

1955 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-539
Author(s):  
Richard M. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
New World ◽  
Old World ◽  
History Of

Latin americanists have in recent years become increasingly concerned with constructing the basis for a unified history of Latin America. Frequently this enterprise leads them to contemplate the even larger design of a history of the Americas. While the New World may still be, in Hegel’s words, “a land of desire for all those who are weary of the historical lumber-room of old Europe,” it is now recognized as having an independent heritage; its history is no longer experienced as “only an echo of the Old World.”

History of the Operative Group Technique

FORUM ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Enrique Pichon-Rivičre
Keyword(s):  
Group Psychotherapy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
International Association ◽  
Group Processes ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
American Federation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Group ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Present Text

- This is the first published article of Pichon-Rivičre in English known to his estate. It is the product of a joint effort of the Latin-American Federation for Analytical Group Psychotherapy (FLAPAG) and FORUM - Journal of the International Association for Group Psychotherapy and Group Processes to make Pichon-Rivičre's work better known to the English speaking community. The present text is the transcription of a class originally given by Dr. Enrique Pichon-Rivičre on 13 May 1970. It was first published by Temas de Psicologia Social, year 4, number 3, September 1980 and later incorporated into the second edition of ‘El Processo Grupal' Ediciones Nueva Visión, Buenos Aires, 1985. It is published here with the authorization of the Pichon-Rivičre family whom we thank deeply. Translated by Pablo de Carvalho Godoy Castanho (FLAPAG) and Teresa von Sommaruga Howard (FORUM) from the Spanish original collated against the French translation by Daničle Faugeras.

A Brief History of Central America

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Rachel Gibson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Americans ◽  
Family Stories ◽  
The Social ◽  
Current Events ◽  
History Of

The history of Central America directly impacts current events, and exploring the social, political, and economic reasons why Guatemalans and other Central Americans emigrate to the United States deepens our connections to family stories and legacies. This chapter offers a brief overview of the region....

Connecting Central America to the Southern Cone: The Chilean and Argentine Response to the Nicaraguan Revolution of 1979

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-579
Author(s):  
Molly Avery
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Nicaraguan Revolution ◽  
Violent Conflicts

AbstractThe history of the Cold War in Latin America in the 1970s is commonly split into two episodes: the establishment of anticommunist dictatorships and the ensuing repression across the Southern Cone in the early and middle decade, and the Nicaraguan Revolution and the eruption of violent conflicts across Central America at its close. By exploring the Chilean and Argentine response to the Nicaraguan Revolution, this article brings these two episodes together, demonstrating how they were understood to belong to one and the same ideological conflict. In doing so, it highlights the importance of the revolution in the Chilean and Argentine perception of the Cold War and explores how the Sandinista triumph directly shaped Southern Cone ideas about US power and the communist threat, also prompting reflection on their own ‘models’ for anticommunist governance. Both regimes responded by increasing their support for anticommunist forces in Guatemala and El Salvador, often conducting this aid through a wider transnational and clandestine network. This article contributes to new understandings of the nature of Latin American anticommunism in this period, challenges traditional understandings of external involvement in Central America, and demonstrates the need to understand events in Latin America in this period in their full regional context.

scholarly journals Making Managers in Latin America: The Emergence of Executive Education in Central America, Peru, and Colombia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Rolv Petter Amdam ◽  
Carlos Dávila
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Business Schools ◽  
Business History ◽  
Executive Education ◽  
Top Managers ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

Executive education programs offered by business schools became a global phenomenon for developing top managers in the 1960s. These programs were established in more than 40 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America in less than two decades. This article explores the phenomenon in three different Latin American contexts: Central America, Peru, and Colombia. In all these cases, initiatives led to successful executive programs, which contributed to the growth of business schools that gradually achieved high international reputation. By studying the way that various U.S. actors interacted differently with local actors in the three cases, the article contributes to three discussions within business history: the history of Americanization, management education, and the alternative business history of emerging markets.

The Sociopolitical Discourse of Violeta Parra and Víctor Jara - The Culture of People's Power

2017 ◽  
pp. 109-126
Author(s):  
Elena Maria De Costa
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Commentary ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Military Regimes ◽  
The World ◽  
Latin American Culture ◽  
History Of

While its roots lie deep in Latin American culture and history, the New Song music was first brought to the attention of the world when totalitarian military regimes seized power in South America during the 1970s. Torture, death, persecution, or disappearance became the tragic fate of thousands of citizens including Violeta Parra and Victor Jara of Chile, popular and talented singer-songwriters (cantautores), the latter executed for his songs of justice and freedom. Other New Song artists were driven into exile to avoid a similar fate. Later, during the 1980s, a second, deadlier wave of terror swept through Central America in genocidal proportions. Again, New Song artists urgently sang about these horrific human rights violations, denouncing the perpetrators of this violence and telling the story of the struggle of people resisting. Beyond the desired social space in which to talk about horrific human rights abuses, there is a deep history of social commentary in musical and other performative traditions in Latin America.

scholarly journals A review of the ant genus Adelomyrmex Emery 1897 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Central America

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3456 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN T. LONGINO
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
New World ◽  
Central American ◽  
Small Litter ◽  
World Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
Central American Species

The taxonomy and natural history of the ant genus Adelomyrmex Emery is reviewed for the Central American region. Theyare small, litter-inhabiting ants most often collected in Berlese and Winkler samples. Although the genus and its relativeshave a pantropical distribution, Central American cloud forests are the only places where they are abundant and diverse.Several Adelomyrmex species are mountain-top endemics with very restricted ranges, and climate change clearly posesthe threat of mountain-top extinction. The 21 Mexican and Central American species are treated in some detail and a keyto the 26 mainland New World species is provided. Nine new species are described, eight from Mexico and Central Amer-ica (A. anxiocalor sp. nov., A. bispeculum sp. nov., A. dentivagans sp. nov., A. marginodus sp. nov., A. metzabok sp. nov.,A. nortenyo sp. nov., A. paratristani sp. nov., and A. quetzal sp. nov.) and one from the oceanic Isla del Coco in the easternPacific (A. coco sp. nov.). New synonymy is proposed for Adelomyrmex tristani (Menozzi, 1931) (= A. brevispinosus Fernández, 2003, syn. nov.).

Promoting a ‘Pinochetazo’: The Chilean Dictatorship's Foreign Policy in El Salvador during the Carter Years, 1977–81

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-784
Author(s):  
Molly Avery
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
International System ◽  
American Military ◽  
Operation Condor ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Pinochet Dictatorship

AbstractThis article takes existing histories of Chilean transnational anti-communist activity in the 1970s beyond Operation Condor (the Latin American military states’ covert transnational anti-communist intelligence and operations system) by asking how the Pinochet dictatorship responded to two key changes in the international system towards the end of that decade: the Carter presidency and introduction of the human rights policy, and the shift of the epicentre of the Cold War in Latin America to Central America. It shows how both Salvadoreans and Chileans understood the Pinochet dictatorship as a distinct model of anti-communist governance, applicable far beyond Chile's own borders. This study of Chilean foreign policy in El Salvador contributes to new histories of the Latin American Extreme Right and to new understandings of the inter-American system and the international history of the conflicts in Central America in the late 1970s and the 1980s.

scholarly journals “Chiclero’s Ulcer” Due to Leishmania mexicana in Travelers Returning from Central America: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1112
Author(s):  
Carole Eldin ◽  
Coralie l’Ollivier ◽  
Stephane Ranque ◽  
Philippe Gautret ◽  
Philippe Parola
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
New World ◽  
Noninvasive Sampling ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
World Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronic Ulceration ◽  
Antiparasitic Treatment ◽  
Left Parotid Gland

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) due to a New World species of Leishmania is increasingly seen among returning international travelers, and most cases arise from travel to Mexico, Central and South America. We described a case of CL in a women presenting a nonhealing ulceration under her right ear with slight increase of size of the left parotid gland under the skin lesion, evolving for 4 months. In her history of travel, she reported a ten-day stay in Mexico during the Christmas vacation in the Yucatan region with only half a day walking in the tropical forest. Diagnosis of CL due to Leishmania mexicana was done via PCR detection and sequencing from swab sampling of the lesion. The patient recovered without antiparasitic treatment. Clinicians should consider diagnosing Chiclero’s ulcer in patients returning from endemic areas such as Central America and Texas who present with chronic ulceration. A noninvasive sampling is sufficient for the PCR-based diagnosis of this disease.

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