The Dependency Model of Latin American Underdevelopment: Three Basic Fallacies

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ray
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
The World ◽  
Dependency Model

This article attempts to examine the set of propositions loosely known as the dependency model of Latin American underdevelopment. The dependency model attributes such underdevelopment to the economic expansion of highly developed capitalist countries, particularly the United States. The model was first elaborated by Latin American economists and has subsequently acquired numerous adherents in the United States, especially among younger political scientists.The basic premise of the dependency model is that the economic development of Latin America has been determined and limited by the needs of the dominant economies in the world capitalist market. Because they are thus conditioned and limited, the Latin American economies are described as “dependent.”

scholarly journals The Modern Way to Menstruate in Latin America: Consolidation and Fractures in the Twenty-First Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 813-831
Author(s):  
Eugenia Tarzibachi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
American Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Mainstream Culture

Abstract The introduction of commercialized disposable pads and tampons during the twentieth century changed the experience of the menstrual body in many (but not all) countries of the world. From a Latin-American perspective, this new way to menstruate was also understood to be a sign of modernization. In this chapter, Tarzibachi describes and analyzes how the dissemination and proliferation of disposable pads and tampons have unfolded first in the United States and later in Latin America, with a particular focus on Argentina. She pays particular attention to how the Femcare industry shaped the meanings of the menstrual body through discourses circulated in advertisements and educational materials. Tarzibachi explores how the contemporary meanings of menstruation are contested globally, as the traditional Femcare industry shifts its rhetoric in response to challenges from new menstrual management technologies, new forms of menstrual activism, and the increasing visibility of menstruation in mainstream culture.

Presbyterians in Latin America

2019 ◽  
pp. 176-194
Author(s):  
Alderí Souza De Matos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
The World ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Presbyterian Churches

Latin America is a significant part of the so-called two-thirds world. During the twentieth century, the region witnessed the vigorous growth of the Protestant churches. One of them is the Presbyterian communion, whose first congregations were established in the 1850s. For more than a century, Presbyterian denominations in the United States and Scotland made an enormous investment in the evangelization of Latin America. Nevertheless, despite their significant presence in Mexico and Brazil, Presbyterian churches represent a small percentage of the region’s total Protestant constituency. They have, however, made contributions to society that are out of proportion to their numbers. Besides their important spiritual and ethical emphases, they have impacted countless individuals, families, and communities through their educational and medical efforts. Their greatest challenge today is to establish clear priorities and devote their energies to strengthening Presbyterian work in the countries they have already reached and implanting their faith in the areas where it is absent. Latin American Presbyterians are convinced that the Reformed faith can greatly benefit their part of the world.

The Epidemiology of Drug Promotion

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton Silverman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corporate Ethics ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
The One ◽  
Global Company ◽  
Latin American Countries

A survey was conducted on the promotion of 28 prescription drugs in the form of 40 different products marketed in the United States and Latin America by 23 multinational pharmaceutical companies. Striking differences were found in the manner in which the identical drug, marketed by the identical company or its foreign affiliate, was described to physicians in the United States and to physicians in Latin America. In the United States, the listed indications were usually few in number, while the contraindications, warnings, and potential adverse reactions were given in extensive detail. In Latin America, the listed indications were far more numerous, while the hazards were usually minimized, glossed over, or totally ignored. The differences were not simply between the United States on the one hand and all the Latin American countries on the other. There were substantial differences within Latin America, with the same global company telling one story in Mexico, another in Central America, a third in Ecuador and Colombia, and yet another in Brazil. The companies have sought to defend these practices by contending that they are not breaking any Latin American laws. In some countries, however, such promotion is in clear violation of the law. The corporate ethics and social responsibilities concerned here call for examination and action.

Imperial routes, national networks and regional projects in the Pan-American Highway, 1884–1977

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa E. Ficek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
The United States ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Pan American ◽  
National Networks ◽  
Planning And Construction ◽  
Regional Projects

This article discusses the planning and construction of the Pan-American Highway by focusing on interactions among engineers, government officials, manufacturers, auto enthusiasts, and road promoters from the United States and Latin America. It considers how the Pan-American Highway was made by projects to extend U.S. influence in Latin America but also by Latin American nationalist and regionalist projects that put forward alternative ideas about social and cultural difference—and cooperation—across the Americas. The transnational negotiations that shaped the Pan-American Highway show how roads, as they bring people and places into contact with each other, mobilize diverse actors and projects that can transform the geography and meaning of these technologies.

scholarly journals Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Latin America: A Comparison with the United States. The Latin American Consortium of Studies in Obesity (LASO)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e54056 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jaime Miranda ◽  
Victor M. Herrera ◽  
Julio A. Chirinos ◽  
Luis F. Gómez ◽  
Pablo Perel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States

The Issue of Religious Liberty in the United States Commercial Treaty with Colombia, 1824

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-301
Author(s):  
Wilkins B. Winn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Liberty ◽  
Latin American Nation ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
American Nation

The Republic of Colombia was the first Latin American nation to which the United States extended a formal act of recognition in 1822. This country was also the first of these new republics with which the United States negotiated a treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation. The importance of incorporating the principle of religious liberty in our first commercial treaty with Latin America was revealed in the emphasis that John Quincy Adams, Secretary of State, placed on it in his initial instructions to Richard Clough Anderson, Jr., Minister Plenipotentiary to Colombia. Religious liberty was one of the specific articles stipulated by Adams for insertion in the prospective commercial treaty.

PRESENTING THE “TRUE FACE OF SYRIA” TO THE WORLD: URBAN DISORDER AND CIVILIZATIONAL ANXIETIES AT THE FIRST DAMASCUS INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin W. Martin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Identities ◽  
The World ◽  
International Exposition ◽  
Industrial Productivity ◽  
Urban Disorder

International fairs—the “folk-festivals of capitalism”—have long been a favorite topic of historians studying quintessential phenomena of modernity such as the celebration of industrial productivity, the construction of national identities, and the valorization of bourgeois leisure and consumption in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Europe, the United States, and Latin America. To date, however, such spectacles occurring in the modern Middle East remain largely unexamined. This article, an analysis of the discourse surrounding the first Damascus International Exposition in 1954, is conceived in part as a preliminary effort to redress this historiographic imbalance.

New World Economic Development Trends and Latin America

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
L. Klochkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
World Markets ◽  
The Future ◽  
World Economic

There are substantial changes in the evolution of world economy and world economic relations. The growth rates of international trade have diminished two-fold, the prices for oil and other commodities have fallen, and the competition on world markets has sharpened greatly. These new trends complicate fundamentally external conditions for the economic development of peripheral regions, especially Latin America. Latin American countries have reached a phase of considerable economic deceleration. Under these circumstances, there is an urgent need for reconsideration of key conclusions made by some Russian experts on the possibilities of the future economic and social growth of Latin America. The author examines the most discussed aspects of the Latin American modern economic situation – the deepening technological gap and slow rates of technological progress, the limited role of internal economic motive forces, the conservation of foreign economic dependence. The future of Latin America’s economic development is uncertain in many respects and will depend greatly on foreign economic conditions. The new world balance opened important additional possibilities for Latin America on world markets. China has converted into the second largest economic partner of the region. But there is a number of complicated problems in their relations that need an urgent regulation. At the same time, the strategic task for Latin America consists in finding of effective ways for further broadening of economic relations with the United States in terms of equality and mutual benefit.

Latin America food exports to Gulf will expand further

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adoption Of Innovations ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food Imports

Significance The GCC imports around 85% of the food its member countries consume domestically, and the share of Latin American products as a proportion of the GCC’s total food imports has increased from 10% in 2015 to almost 14% in 2019. Impacts Pandemic-induced adoption of innovations such as e-commerce will provide opportunities to expand food exports. Post-pandemic recovery in tourism may eventually boost the GCC’s need for food imports. Growth in other markets will be crucial to help reduce LAC’s dependence on key markets such as China and the United States.

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