Food Limitation of Avian Reproduction: An Experiment with the Cactus Wren

Ecology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 869-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Stuart Simons ◽  
Thomas E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Food Limitation ◽  
Avian Reproduction

Effects of blow fly (Protocalliphora spatulata: Diptera: Calliphoridae) parasitism on the growth of nestling savannah sparrows in Alaska

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton K. Miller ◽  
Jeanne M. Fair
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Blow Fly ◽  
Tarsus Length ◽  
Passerculus Sandwichensis ◽  
Avian Reproduction ◽  
Project Site ◽  
Fly Larvae ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
Savannah Sparrows

We investigated the effect of blow fly larvae (Protocalliphora spatulata) on nestling savannah sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis) in Alaska subject to biennially fluctuating prey abundance. Grasshopper populations in some regions of interior Alaska can show a strong biennial periodicity. Growth of nestling savannah sparrows, numbers of blow fly larvae in nests and on nestlings, and grasshopper populations were monitored during four breeding seasons (1990–1993) on the Delta Agriculture Project site near Delta Junction, Alaska. Growth parameters for parasitized and nonparasitized nestlings were compared within and between years. There were no significant differences in growth parameters between parasitized and nonparasitized nestlings between any years. There were also no differences in growth parameters within years, except for tarsus length in 1991 and nestling mass in 1993 (low grasshopper years); in 1993, parasitized nestlings were heavier and the sample size was small. Additionally, there were no differences in fledging success within years. Although parasitism combined with other factors (e.g., food limitation) may have an impact on avian reproduction, our data do not support this.

Effects of food limitation and emigration on self-thinning in experimental minnow cohorts

2000 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 927-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Dunham ◽  
B. R. Dickerson ◽  
E. Beever ◽  
R. D. Duncan ◽  
G. L. Vinyard
Keyword(s):  
Food Limitation

scholarly journals Effects of seed-rich habitat provision on territory density, home range and breeding performance of European Turtle Doves Streptopelia turtur

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
JENNY C. DUNN ◽  
ANTONY J. MORRIS ◽  
PHILIP V. GRICE ◽  
WILL J. PEACH
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Breeding Performance ◽  
Ranging Behaviour ◽  
Local Abundance ◽  
Turtle Dove ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
Territory Density ◽  
Streptopelia Turtur

Summary Conservation measures providing food-rich habitats through agri-environment schemes (AES) have the potential to affect the demography and local abundance of species limited by food availability. The European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur is one of Europe’s fastest declining birds, with breeding season dietary changes coincident with a reduction in reproductive output suggesting food limitation during breeding. In this study we provided seed-rich habitats at six intervention sites over a 4-year period and tested for impacts of the intervention on breeding success, ranging behaviour and the local abundance of territorial turtle doves. Nesting success and chick biometrics were unrelated to the local availability of seed-rich habitat or to the proximity of intervention plots. Nestling weight was higher close to human habitation consistent with an influence of anthropogenic supplementary food provision. Small home ranges were associated with a high proportion of non-farmed habitats, while large home ranges were more likely to contain seed-rich habitat suggesting that breeding doves were willing to travel further to utilize such habitat where available. Extensively managed grassland and intervention plot fields were selected by foraging turtle doves. A slower temporal decline in the abundance of breeding males on intervention sites probably reflects enhanced habitat suitability during territory settlement. Refining techniques to deliver sources of sown, natural, and supplementary seed that are plentiful, accessible, and parasite-free is likely to be crucial for the conservation of turtle doves.

Daphnia magna Gut Specific Trancriptomic Responses to Feeding Inhibiting Chemicals and Food Limitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Campos ◽  
Benjamín Piña ◽  
Carlos Barata
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Food Limitation

Bridled Quail-dove Geotrygon mystacea population assessment after hurricanes Irma and Maria, St. Eustatius, Caribbean Netherlands

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
FRANK F. RIVERA-MILÁN ◽  
HANNAH MADDEN ◽  
KEVIN VERDEL
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Abundance Estimates ◽  
Detection Mode ◽  
Limited Food ◽  
Seed Eating ◽  
Free Ranging

Summary Structural vegetation damage and food limitation are important effects of major hurricanes, particularly for fruit/seed-eating, forest-dependent Caribbean birds with restricted distributions and small populations, such as the Bridled Quail-dove Geotrygon mystacea. Motivated by the lack of abundance estimates, corrected for detection probability, we conducted distance-sampling surveys inside and outside the Quill National Park each May in 2016-2019. Detection mode was the most important covariate, with others receiving no support from the data. Detectability of available single individuals and clusters of individuals within 60 m of transect centrelines averaged 0.957 ± 0.114 standard error for audio detections, 0.434 ± 0.052 for visual detections, and 0.693 ± 0.064 for detection modes combined. Availability averaged 0.475 ± 0.138 and the product of detectability and availability averaged 0.329 ± 0.098. Density averaged 1.459 ± 0.277 individuals ha-1 and population size averaged 642 ± 122 individuals in 440 ha. Density did not differ along and away from forest trails, but was higher inside than outside the park and at elevations within 201-400 m than 100-200 m and 401-600 m. Density declined by 76% after hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017. We suggest that major hurricanes together with free-ranging livestock overgrazing degraded foraging habitats, limited food supply, and caused a population bottleneck. Our methodology can be implemented across the distribution range to assess population status and trends and evaluate the result of management actions at key conservation sites. Bridled Quail-dove populations probably were declining on most islands before the 2017 hurricanes and population status warrants revision.

Seasonal and growth stage changes in lipid and fatty acid composition in the multigeneration copepod Drepanopus pectinatus from Iles Kerguelen

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mayzaud ◽  
S. Lacombre ◽  
M. Boutoute
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Seasonal Succession ◽  
Wax Esters ◽  
Adult Individual

AbstractChanges in adult weight, lipid and fatty acid composition per lipid class were studied over a complete seasonal cycle in Drepanopus pectinatus Brady. This copepod displayed a strong seasonality in adult individual weight and total lipid content. Stages C3 to adult from a summer cohort were compared in terms of lipid and fatty acid structure. Changes in lipid content were related to wax esters and polar lipids (PL) while triacylglycerols (TAG) and cholesterol remained minor constituents except at the end of winter. Changes in fatty acid composition of different lipid classes showed that food limitation in winter was high enough to affect 22:6n-3 (DHA) content in PL, and provoke accumulation of maximal percentages of bacterial marker as branched acids. Composition of TAG followed closely the changes in trophic interactions as diatom and flagellate markers dominated in spring and summer while bacterial and detritus particle markers dominated in late winter. The composition of wax esters followed the same seasonal succession but with a lower level of turn over time and shifted characteristics (bacterial markers) from winter to spring individuals when compared to TAG. Ontogenetic changes showed high triacylglycerols content in younger C3 stages and increasing wax esters with increasing developmental stages. Fatty acid composition of PL showed low percentages of EPA and DHA in stage C3, and recovery of high levels of DHA for stage C4 or 20:5n-3 (EPA) at stage C5. The same trend was observed for 18:4n-3. The reverse pattern was noted for the n-6 polyunsaturated acids (PUFA) suggesting a greater requirement in younger stages. Fatty acid partitioning between neutral and PL suggested essential fatty acids selective incorporation from neutral classes into membrane lipids.

Density Dependence in a Larval Salamander: The Effects of Interference and Food Limitation

Copeia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 (4) ◽  
pp. 926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Walls
Keyword(s):  
Density Dependence ◽  
Food Limitation

Food Limitation Affects Algivory and Grazer Performance for New Zealand Stream Macroinvertebrates

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 561 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Holomuzki ◽  
Barry J. F. Biggs
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Stream Macroinvertebrates
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