Modeling the past: The Specification of Functional Form

In the past, major findings in meiosis have been achieved, but questions towards the global understanding of meiosis remain concealed. In plants, one of these questions covers the need for two diverse meiotic active SPO11 proteins. In Arabidopsis and other plants, both meiotic SPO11 are indispensable in a functional form for double strand break induction during meiotic prophase I. This stands in contrast to mammals and fungi, where a single SPO11 is present and sufficient. We aimed to investigate the specific function and evolution of both meiotic SPO11 paralogs in land plants. By performing immunostaining of both SPO11-1 and -2, an investigation of the spatiotemporal localization of each SPO11 during meiosis was achieved. We further exchanged SPO11-1 and -2 in Arabidopsis and could show a species-specific function of the respective SPO11. By additional changes of regions between SPO11-1 and -2, a sequence-specific function for both the SPO11 proteins was revealed. Furthermore, the previous findings about the aberrant splicing of each SPO11 were refined by narrowing them down to a specific developmental phase. These findings let us suggest that the function of both SPO11 paralogs is highly sequence specific and that the orthologs are species specific.

Download Full-text

A New Functional Form For Estimating Lorenz Curves

Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) ◽

10.19030/jber.v1i5.3014 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Sharif Hossain ◽

Chikayoshi Saeki

Keyword(s):

Functional Form ◽

Grouped Data ◽

Font Size ◽

Data Set ◽

Lorenz Curves ◽

The Past ◽

Household Expenditure Survey ◽

Functional Forms ◽

The Lorenz Curve ◽

Distribution Of Income

The Lorenz curve is a most powerful tool in the analysis of the size distribution of income and wealth. In the past decades, many authors have proposed different functional forms for estimating Lorenz curves from grouped data. Most of the functional forms do not fit the data very well for estimating Lorenz curves. That is why, in this paper we proposed a new functional form for estimating Lorenz curves, which provides very good fits?with compared to other functional forms, see for example, Kakwani's and Podder's (1973, 76), Rasche's et all (1980), Kakwani's (1980), Gupta's (1984), and Ortega's (1991) functional forms.  On the basis of the new functional form, we derived the formulae of the Gini, Kakwani, and Chakravarty inequality indices. Empirical verification of the theoretical construct has been done based on the data set from BBS (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics) publications, "Household Expenditure Survey" corresponding to different years.

Download Full-text

A New Functional Form For Estimating Lorenz Curves

Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) ◽

10.19030/jber.v1i1.2959 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sharif Hossain ◽

Chikayoshi Saeki

Keyword(s):

Functional Form ◽

Grouped Data ◽

Font Size ◽

Data Set ◽

Lorenz Curves ◽

The Past ◽

Household Expenditure Survey ◽

Functional Forms ◽

The Lorenz Curve ◽

Distribution Of Income

The Lorenz curve is a most powerful tool in the analysis of the size distribution of income and wealth. In the past decades, many authors have proposed different functional forms for estimating Lorenz curves from grouped data. Most of the functional forms do not fit the data very well for estimating Lorenz curves. That is why, in this paper we proposed a new functional form for estimating Lorenz curves, which provides very good fits?with compared to other functional forms, see for example, Kakwani's and Podder's (1973, 76), Rasche's et all (1980), Kakwani's (1980), Gupta's (1984), and Ortega's (1991) functional forms.  On the basis of the new functional form, we derived the formulae of the Gini, Kakwani, and Chakravarty inequality indices. Empirical verification of the theoretical construct has been done based on the data set from BBS (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics) publications, "Household Expenditure Survey" corresponding to different years.

Download Full-text

MASSIVE PARTICLES' HAWKING RADIATION VIA TUNNELING FROM THE G.H. DILATON BLACK HOLE

Modern Physics Letters A ◽

10.1142/s0217732306020184 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (28) ◽

pp. 2143-2149 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

YAPENG HU ◽

JINGYI ZHANG ◽

ZHENG ZHAO

Keyword(s):

Black Hole ◽

Hawking Radiation ◽

Black Hole Solution ◽

Functional Form ◽

Emission Rate ◽

Outgoing Particle ◽

Unitary Theory ◽

The Past ◽

Massive Particles ◽

Dilaton Black Hole

In the past, Hawking radiation was viewed as a tunneling process and the barrier was just created by the outgoing particle itself. In this paper, Parikh's recent work is extended to the case of massive particles' tunneling. We investigate the behavior of the tunneling massive particles from a particular black hole solution — G.H. Dilaton black hole which is obtained from the string theory, and calculate the emission rate at which massive particles tunnel across the event horizon. We obtain that the result is also consistent with an underlying unitary theory. Furthermore, the result takes the same functional form as that of massless particles.

Download Full-text

Observations of the continuum near the galactic centre

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900101305 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 405

Author(s):

F. J. Kerr

Keyword(s):

Galactic Centre ◽

The Past ◽

Centre Region ◽

The Continuum

A continuum survey of the galactic-centre region has been carried out at Parkes at 20 cm wavelength over the areal11= 355° to 5°,b11= -3° to +3° (Kerr and Sinclair 1966, 1967). This is a larger region than has been covered in such surveys in the past. The observations were done as declination scans.

Download Full-text

The Origin of the Moon and its Relationship to the Origin of the Solar System

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900178192 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 133-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Harold C. Urey

Keyword(s):

Solar System ◽

The Moon ◽

The Past ◽

The Earth ◽

Short Period ◽

Origin Of The Moon

During the last 10 years, the writer has presented evidence indicating that the Moon was captured by the Earth and that the large collisions with its surface occurred within a surprisingly short period of time. These observations have been a continuous preoccupation during the past years and some explanation that seemed physically possible and reasonably probable has been sought.

Download Full-text

On The Possibility of an Autonomous History of Modern Southeast Asia

Journal of Southeast Asian History ◽

10.1017/s0084255900007944 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 73-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John R. W. Small

Keyword(s):

Southeast Asia ◽

Contemporary History ◽

The Past ◽

History Of

It is generally accepted that history is an element of culture and the historian a member of society, thus, in Croce's aphorism, that the only true history is contemporary history. It follows from this that when there occur great changes in the contemporary scene, there must also be great changes in historiography, that the vision not merely of the present but also of the past must change.

Download Full-text

Stellar Evolution

Transactions of the International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0251107x00022343 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 11 (02) ◽

pp. 137-143

Author(s):

M. Schwarzschild

Keyword(s):

Solar System ◽

Stellar Evolution ◽

Space Craft ◽

New Techniques ◽

Substantial Body ◽

Individual Stars ◽

The Past ◽

Evolution Of Galaxies ◽

History Of ◽

Fast Flow

It is perhaps one of the most important characteristics of the past decade in astronomy that the evolution of some major classes of astronomical objects has become accessible to detailed research. The theory of the evolution of individual stars has developed into a substantial body of quantitative investigations. The evolution of galaxies, particularly of our own, has clearly become a subject for serious research. Even the history of the solar system, this close-by intriguing puzzle, may soon make the transition from being a subject of speculation to being a subject of detailed study in view of the fast flow of new data obtained with new techniques, including space-craft.

Download Full-text

Novae in the Magellanic Clouds

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100073334 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 96-101

Author(s):

J.A. Graham

Keyword(s):

Large Magellanic Cloud ◽

Magellanic Cloud ◽

Magellanic Clouds ◽

University Of Michigan ◽

The Past ◽

Spectroscopic Information ◽

Objective Prism ◽

The University ◽

Small Cloud ◽

Low Dispersion

During the past several years, a systematic search for novae in the Magellanic Clouds has been carried out at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The Curtis Schmidt telescope, on loan to CTIO from the University of Michigan is used to obtain plates every two weeks during the observing season. An objective prism is used on the telescope. This provides additional low-dispersion spectroscopic information when a nova is discovered. The plates cover an area of 5°x5°. One plate is sufficient to cover the Small Magellanic Cloud and four are taken of the Large Magellanic Cloud with an overlap so that the central bar is included on each plate. The methods used in the search have been described by Graham and Araya (1971). In the CTIO survey, 8 novae have been discovered in the Large Cloud but none in the Small Cloud. The survey was not carried out in 1974 or 1976. During 1974, one nova was discovered in the Small Cloud by MacConnell and Sanduleak (1974).

Download Full-text