Buddhism

1995 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. McRae
Keyword(s):  
Religious Practices ◽  
Chinese Buddhism ◽  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Chinese Religions ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Scholarly Inquiry

In comparison with other forms of Chinese religions, the study of Chinese Buddhism benefits from several factors. First, the international range of Buddhism allows for fruitful comparison with developments in other neighboring cultures such as India and Japan, and the contemporary identity of Buddhism as a missionary—or at least adoptable—religion provides a continuing audience and community of scholars. Second, the maturity of Buddhist studies as a field of scholarly inquiry, especially in Japan and Europe, has allowed for synergistic cooperation with colleagues having different educational backgrounds and points of view. And, third, the recent emphasis on the study of nonmainstream or popular religious practices has presented challenges that have led the field in new and exciting directions. An attempt to bring together scholars working in these different areas is reported in McRae and Armijo-Hussein et al. 1989.

scholarly journals Editor's Introduction to Volume 40, Issue 1

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Anne EC McCants
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Science History ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
Parent Organization ◽  
The Social ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Scholarly Inquiry

With this issue, Social Science History begins its fortieth year of publication. The journal is also in its second year of publication with Cambridge University Press. So this seems an especially propitious moment to take stock of who we are and how we conceive of our mission, to both our parent organization and to the wider world of interdisciplinary scholarly inquiry. Since our founding in 1976, the journal remains firmly rooted in the organizational and intellectual apparatus of the Social Science History Association (SSHA). We embrace the cross-disciplinary and grassroots “network” structure of the annual meetings in forming our Editorial Board, with its rotating membership and diverse representation from across the historical and social science disciplines. We actively seek out new scholarship, as well as encourage SSHA members to propose special issues that address a common theme or scholarly question from multiple disciplinary points of view and address different places and time periods. But we also remain fundamentally historical in our purview, dedicated to “improv[ing] the quality of historical explanation in every manner possible, but particularly by encouraging the selective use and adaptation in historical . . . research of relevant theories and methods from related disciplines, particularly the social sciences.”

Reforming Chinese Buddhism through the Zheng Xin (Right Faith) Movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Lee Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Buddhism ◽  
Revitalization Movement ◽  
Local Initiatives ◽  
Chinese Religions ◽  
Faith Movement

This chapter maps local initiatives of the Buddhist revitalization movement in Malaysia. Focusing on two groups, the Malaysian Buddhist Association and the Youth Buddhist Association of Malaysia, the history and process of Buddhist revitalization that occurred through local efforts are examined. The notion of Zheng Xin (Right Faith) Buddhism originating from the idea of modern Buddhism has been adopted by the two groups. The process has been strengthened through formalizing the refuge taking ceremony and Buddhicizing the Hungry Ghost Festival. A tussle between reformist Buddhists and a sect called Unity Sect (Yi Guan Dao) is examined to understand a case of religious contestation among Chinese religions germinated by Buddhist revitalization.

scholarly journals A Flexible Indeterminate Theory of Religion: Thinking through Chinese Religious Phenomena

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 428
Author(s):  
Woo
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Religious Experiences ◽  
Ancestor Veneration ◽  
Continuous Formation ◽  
Theory Of Religion ◽  
Chinese Religions ◽  
Contemporary Study

This essay explores a few of the reasons for the failure of Western theories to capture Chinese religious experiences. It will include Durkheim’s insight that “The sacred … is society in disguised form” and variants of secularization theories in contrast to Confucian ones, especially Xunzi’s theory about ritual, read as representative of religion. This article will examine the impossibility of asserting a straightforward claim, without exception, that could capture the three thousand years of historical and contemporary diversity manifested by the three institutional religions (Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism), the continuous formation of popular religious movements, ever developing sectarian groups, and pan-Chinese quasi-religious practices like ancestor veneration, divination, healing practices and the like. The study will start by looking at variable categories used in the study of different religions, the similarities in assumptions among the three institutional religions such as the “good” and self-cultivation, and the central place of secularization theory in the contemporary study of Chinese religions. A theoretical orientation of both flexibility and indeterminacy is suggested based on indigenous ideas.

Every question is open: Looking for paths beyond the clearing

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-266
Author(s):  
Robert A Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Fault Lines ◽  
Scholarly Inquiry

However challenging scholars of religion find it to talk across their respective subfields, they are responsible for doing so in order to consider future trajectories for research in religious studies. This contribution to the symposium considers what a 2014 seminar of younger scholars of religion see as urgent problems and issues in religious studies today in order to open a conversation about what is left of religion after “religion.” How do we approach the lived religious practices of men and women in particular times and places after the historical deconstruction of “religion” as the object of scholarly inquiry from modernity to the present? Do scholars of religion in the humanities, on one hand, and sociologists of religion, on the other, recognize their respective subfields in this discussion of problems and questions? This article is offered as a diagnostic to chart the fault lines between divergent methods and theories.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin R. Ritzinger
Keyword(s):  
Charles Taylor ◽  
Chinese Buddhism ◽  
Pure Land ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
Chinese Religions ◽  
Key Aspects

The introduction presents the anomaly at the heart of the study: namely, that the “reform faction” of modern Chinese Buddhism, which is generally portrayed as demythologized, promoted devotion to the bodhisattva Maitreya and rebirth in his heavenly pure land. It frames this anomaly in the context of scholarship on modern Buddhism and Chinese religions and lays out a “pull” model of religious modernization derived from the thought of Charles Taylor as a counterbalance to the prevailing “push” models derived from Weberian and postmodernist models. It also introduces the four key aspects of the earlier Maitreyan tradition and offers a discussion of the sources, structure, and significance of the work.

High Resolution Specimen Area Imaged Under Negligible Field Aberrations

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 540-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yanaka ◽  
K. Shirota
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Image Space ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Leakage Flux ◽  
Specimen Area ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Aberration Theory

It is significant to note field aberrations (chromatic field aberration, coma, astigmatism and blurring due to curvature of field, defined by Glaser's aberration theory relative to the Blenden Freien System) of the objective lens in connection with the following three points of view; field aberrations increase as the resolution of the axial point improves by increasing the lens excitation (k2) and decreasing the half width value (d) of the axial lens field distribution; when one or all of the imaging lenses have axial imperfections such as beam deflection in image space by the asymmetrical magnetic leakage flux, the apparent axial point has field aberrations which prevent the theoretical resolution limit from being obtained.

Crystal structure images of large gold clusters and growing crystals by HRTEM

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
L.R. Wallenberg ◽  
J.-O. Bovin ◽  
G. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Close Packing ◽  
Gold Clusters ◽  
Molecular Weight Determination ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nucleation And Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Points Of View

Metallic clusters are interesting from various points of view, e.g. as a mean of spreading expensive catalysts on a support, or following heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic events. It is also possible to study nucleation and growth mechanisms for crystals with the cluster as known starting point.Gold-clusters containing 55 atoms were manufactured by reducing (C6H5)3PAuCl with B2H6 in benzene. The chemical composition was found to be Au9.2[P(C6H5)3]2Cl. Molecular-weight determination by means of an ultracentrifuge gave the formula Au55[P(C6H5)3]Cl6 A model was proposed from Mössbauer spectra by Schmid et al. with cubic close-packing of the 55 gold atoms in a cubeoctahedron as shown in Fig 1. The cluster is almost completely isolated from the surroundings by the twelve triphenylphosphane groups situated in each corner, and the chlorine atoms on the centre of the 3x3 square surfaces. This gives four groups of gold atoms, depending on the different types of surrounding.

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