Topographic Variation in the Abundance of Hieracium Floribundum: Relative Importance of Differential Seed Dispersal, Seedling Establishment, Plant Survival and Reproduction

1986 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Reader ◽  
J. Buck
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Topographic Variation

Seed dispersal interactions promoting plant invasions.

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
M. Celeste Díaz Vélez ◽  
Ana E. Ferreras ◽  
Valeria Paiaro
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Invasional Meltdown ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Origin Life

Abstract Animal dispersers are essential for many non-native plants since they facilitate seed movement and might promote seed germination and seedling establishment, thereby increasing their chances of invasion. This chapter reviews the published literature on seed dispersal of non-native plant species by native and/or non-native animals. The following questions are addressed: (i) Are interactions between non-native plants and their animal dispersers evenly studied worldwide? (ii) Which are the distinctive traits (i.e. geographical origin, life form, dispersal strategy and propagule traits) of non-native plants that are dispersed by animals? (iii) Which are the most studied groups of dispersers of non-native plants around the world? (iv) Does the literature provide evidence for the Invasional Meltdown Hypothesis (non-native plant-non-native disperser facilitation)? (v) What is the role of animal dispersers at different stages of the non-native plant regeneration process? Our dataset of 204 articles indicates that geographical distribution of the studies was highly heterogeneous among continents, with the highest number coming from North America and the lowest from Asia and Central America. Most of the non-native plants involved in dispersal studies were woody species from Asia with fleshy fruits dispersed by endozoochory. More than the half of the animal dispersal agents noted were birds, followed by mammals, ants and reptiles. The dominance of bird-dispersal interactions over other animal groups was consistent across geographical regions. Although most of the studies involved only native dispersers, interactions among non-native species were detected, providing support for the existence of invasional meltdown processes. Of the total number of reviewed articles reporting seed removal, 74% evaluated seed dispersal, but only a few studies included seed germination (35.3%), seedling establishment (5.4%) or seed predation (23.5%). Finally, we discuss some research biases and directions for future studies in the area.

Dispersal and establishment of slender thistle, Carduus pycnocephalus L. as affected by ground cover

1985 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Harradine
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
The Other ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
First Year ◽  
Parent Plant ◽  
Annual Grass

After 3 years of spread from sown infestations, slender thistle density in spring was 0.12 and 4.67 plants m-2 for plots in which the ground cover was dominated by cocksfoot and annual grass species, respectively. On plots maintained free of plants other than slender thistle ('bare plots'), the corresponding density was 47.31 plants m-2. Slender thistle seed was dispersed at least 10 m from the parent plant in the first year of seeding and plants were evenly spread over the bare plots after 2 years. After 3 years, slender thistle ingress was still occurring on the other plots. The results indicate the importance of ground cover, either of living plants or of litter, in reducing seedling establishment and seed dispersal of slender thistle.

Seedling Establishment of Subalpine Stone Pine (Pinus pumila) by Nutcracker (Nucifraga) Seed Dispersal on Mt. Yumori, Northern Japan

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Kajimoto ◽  
Hiromichi Onodera ◽  
Shigeto Ikeda ◽  
Hiromu Daimaru ◽  
Takeshi Seki
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Pinus Pumila ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Northern Japan

Host specificity and seed dispersal of Psittacanthus robustus (Loranthaceae) in south-east Brazil

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ferreira Monteiro ◽  
Rogério Parentoni Martins ◽  
Kikyo Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Dispersal Agent ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTPsittacanthus robustus (Loranthaceae) is a Neotropical mistletoe which grows mainly on species of Vochysiaceae in Brazilian ‘cerrado’ regions. Its parasitizing pattern involves: (a) the height and the aspect of the crown of the host-plants; (b) the presence of sticky substance in the fruits of the parasite; and (c) the feeding behaviour and habitat selection of the dispersal agent, the swallowtanager Tersina viridis viridis. The feeding behaviour of this bird on fruits of P. robustus facilitates seed release and seedling establishment; its foraging habit and habitat selection account for high concentrations of the parasites on their preferred host-plants.

ESTABLISHMENT OF HILL COUNTRY WHITE CLOVER SELECTIONS FROM OVERSOWING

1983 ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
J.F.L. Charlton ◽  
N.G. Giddens
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Hill

The establishment characteristics of three hill country white clover selections were compared with 'Grasslands Huia' and Kent white clover after oversowing in spring and autumn on a low fertility, summerdrv hill country site near Palmerston North. The hill country selections gave 15-16% establishment of sown seed in spring. whereas in autumn two of the hill country selections established much higher seedling numbers than other clovers, one-third surviving at 6 weeks. Less than 5% of Huia seed established in autumn. Less than one-quarter of spring-sown seedlings survived dry summer conditions. Plant survival at one year after autumn oversowing was markedlv better and at this stage, two of the hill country selections had developed 6 times the stolon density of Huia and they were giving at least 3 times the herbage content in the pasture. Keywords: Legume establishment, white clover, hill country, seedling establishment, plant survival, slugs, oversowing, stolon density, nematodes.

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