Reproductive Isolation in Stegomyia Mosquitoes. II. Hybrid Breakdown Between Aedes aegypti and A. mascarensis

Evolution ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 692 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Hartberg ◽  
G. B. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Hybrid Breakdown

scholarly journals REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION IN STEGOMYIA MOSQUITOES. II. HYBRID BREAKDOWN BETWEEN AEDES AEGYPTI AND A. MASCARENSIS

Evolution ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Hartberg ◽  
G. B. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Hybrid Breakdown

Reproductive Isolation and the Integrity of Two Sympatric Species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1953 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Hybrid Sterility ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Hybrid Breakdown ◽  
Temporal Isolation ◽  
Isolating Mechanisms ◽  
Spatial Isolation ◽  
Mechanical Isolation

According to Dobzhansky (1951a, p. 262) “Species are … groups of populations the gene exchange between which is limited or prevented by one, or by a combination of several, reproductive isolating mechanisms”. This definition follows from his concept of a species not as a static unit but as a stage in the process of evolutionary divergence. Limitation or prevention of gene exchange is a property of geographic and reproductive isolation (Mayr, 1912), the various types of which Dobzhansky lists as follows:I. Geographic or Spatial IsolationII. Reproductive IsolationA. Ecological IsolationB. Seasonal or Temporal IsolationC. Sexual, Psychological or Ethnological IsolationD. Mechanical IsolationE. Gametic IsolationF. Hybrid InviabilityG. Hybrid SterilityH. Hybrid Breakdown

scholarly journals Patterns of regulatory divergence and gene expression in hybrids are associated with molecular evolution in species undergoing gene flow

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Diaz ◽  
Jason Wolf ◽  
Reinaldo de Brito
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Hybrid Breakdown ◽  
Allopatric Species ◽  
Examine Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Divergence ◽  
Show Evidence

The extent to which hybridization disrupts a gene's pattern of expression likely governs its propensity for introgression, while its extent of molecular divergence can itself underlie such disruption. Together, these phenomena shape the landscape of sequence and transcriptional divergence across the genome as species diverge. To understand this process, we examine gene expression inheritance, regulatory and molecular divergences in the reproductive transcriptomes of species linked by gene flow. The fruit flies Anastrepha fraterculus and A. obliqua show evidence of gene flow despite clear evolutionary divergence and incomplete reproductive isolation. We find that their transcriptional patterns are a mosaic between those typically observed within and between allopatric species. Genes showing transgressive expression in hybrids or cis-regulatory divergence between species are associated with greater molecular divergence. This may reflect pleiotropic constraints that make them more resistant to gene flow or they may be more likely to experience divergent selection. However, while these highly divergent genes are likely to be important contributors to species differences, they are relatively rare. Instead, most differentially regulated genes, including those linked to reproduction, show high degrees of dominance in hybrids and trans-regulated divergence between species, suggesting widespread genetic compatibility that allowed for the identified introgression. These findings provide insights into how postzygotic isolating mechanisms might evolve in the presence of gene flow: regions showing cis-regulatory divergence or transgressive expression contribute to reproductive isolation, while regions with dominant expression and trans-regulatory divergence act as a buffer of hybrid breakdown, facilitating introgression, and leading to a genomic mosaic of expression and sequence divergence.

Experimental evidence of hybrid breakdown between genetically distinct populations of Echinostoma caproni

Parasitology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. TROUVÉ ◽  
F. RENAUD ◽  
P. DURAND ◽  
J. JOURDANE
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Hybrid Breakdown ◽  
Echinostoma Caproni ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Genetic Entity ◽  
Isolating Mechanism

In this paper we investigate whether the assortative mating between individuals of the same genetic entity (i.e. coming from the same geographical area) of Echinostoma caproni, reported in a previous paper, may be explained by a post-zygotic isolating mechanism. The fecundity of the adults of 2 parental genetic entities and of their hybrids (i.e. F1, F2, F3) was quantified through 3 successive generations. Whereas the number of eggs released by F1 hybrids is similar to that of the mid-parent, that of recombinant hybrids (F2–3 hybrids) is significantly lower than that of F1 and that of the mid-parent. Since these results seem to demonstrate hybrid breakdown, 2 important factors maintaining reproductive isolation, i.e. pre-mating reproductive isolation and low hybrid fecundity, may influence the evolution of E. caproni.

scholarly journals Wolbachia and host intrinsic reproductive barriers contribute additively to post-mating isolation in spider mites

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Alfredo Cruz ◽  
Sara Magalhaes ◽  
Elio Sucena ◽  
Flore Zele
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Hybrid Sterility ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Reproductive Barriers ◽  
Hybrid Breakdown ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Production ◽  
Relative Contribution

Wolbachia are widespread maternally-inherited bacteria suggested to play a role in arthropod host speciation through induction of cytoplasmic incompatibility, but this hypothesis remains controversial. Most studies addressing Wolbachia-induced incompatibilities concern closely-related populations, which are intrinsically compatible. Here, we used three populations of two genetically differentiated colour forms of the haplodiploid spider mite Tetranychus urticae to dissect the interaction between Wolbachia-induced and host-associated incompatibilities, and to assess their relative contribution to post-mating isolation. We found that these two sources of incompatibility act through different mechanisms in an additive fashion. Host-associated incompatibility contributes 1.5 times more than Wolbachia-induced incompatibility in reducing hybrid production, the former through an overproduction of haploid sons at the expense of diploid daugters (ca. 75% decrease) and the latter by increasing the embryonic mortality of daughters (by ca. 49%). Furthermore, regardless of cross direction, we observed near-complete F1 hybrid sterility and complete F2 hybrid breakdown between populations of the two forms, but that Wolbachia did not contribute to this outcome. This study identifies the mechanistic independence and additive nature of host-intrinsic and Wolbachia-induced sources of isolation. It suggests that Wolbachia could drive reproductive isolation in this system, thereby potentially affecting host differentiation and distribution in the field.

Composition of Prangos pabularia Essential Oil: Identification of an Unknown Compound from the Oil and its Insecticidal Activity against Yellow Fever Mosquito, Aedes aegypti

Planta Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Tabanca ◽  
A Ali ◽  
M Tsikolia ◽  
UR Bernier ◽  
G Ozek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Yellow Fever Mosquito ◽  
Unknown Compound

GAMBARAN INDEKS LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI DI BUFFER WILAYAH KERJA BANDARA SEPINGGAN BALIKPAPAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrakhman abdurrakhman Abdurrakhman
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Transportation Equipment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Larvae Density

ABSTRACT : The House index and Container Index in the buffer area of ​​the working area of ​​Balikpapan Sepinggan Airport is still above 1%, so the potential for the spread of dengue disease. Mobilization of people, goods and transportation equipment will increasingly affect the transmission of disease in ports and airports, especially for vector-borne diseases. This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti and describe the larvae index in the buffer zone of the Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport This study was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The sample in this study was 121 houses with a proportionate stratified random sampling, the research location was in the buffer zone of Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport in November 2018. The variables studied were houses with positive larvae containers, breeding sites and PSN behavior and larvasidation. The data was analyzed using the chi square test. There was a relationship between houses with larvae positive Aedes aegypti, behavior of Mosquito Nest Eradication (PSN) and larvasidation with larvae density of Aedes aegypti but not for breeding sites (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.64), and   (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.34). The description of several Aedes aegypti larvae index, namely House Index (HI) = 57.02%, Container Index (CI) = 24.36%, Bruteau Index (BI) = 148.76, and Flick Free Numbers (ABJ) = 42.98 %. Houses with larvae of Aedes aegypti larvae and PSN and larvasidation behavior were associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti. The index of HI, CI and BI larvae is of high value so there is a risk of DBD transmission

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