The Archaeology of the Old Stone Mill in Newport, Rhode Island

1951 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
William S. Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
American Archaeology ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Local Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clear Line ◽  
Benedict Arnold

The origin of the old stone tower in Newport has been an important problem in the ancient history of American archaeology for something over a century. The argument swirls around two questions. Who built the tower? When was it built? There are two possible answers to the first of these questions; the second question can readily be answered if the first can be solved. Either the tower was built by persons unknown at some time in the pre-Colonial period; or it was erected in Colonial times shortly before it is first mentioned in the documents. And there is a shortage of the documents on this problem until the development of the nineteenth century romanticism. Either there was no interest or there was no problem. Up to about 1800, moreover, a clear line of legal documents traced the structure as well as the land on which it stood as belonging to Governor Benedict Arnold. The legal documents are supported by strong local tradition that the building was a stone mill. Specifically, in 1677, three documents, including Arnold's own will, mentioned the tower, and for the next 100 years other mention is rare. Thus, at the outset, we see that the controversy over the origin of the tower is recent.

Ireland: Realm of the Four Masters

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rowley-Conwy
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Irish History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Manuscripts ◽  
To Come ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Or History

On 9 January 1843, Richard Griffith addressed the Royal Irish Academy (RIA) about some antiquities found in the River Shannon. The river was being dredged to render it navigable, and the artefacts were discovered during the deepening of the old ford at Keelogue. Griffith was the chairman of the Commissioners carrying out the work, and his expertise was in engineering rather than ancient history. He stated that the finds came from a layer of gravel; in its upper part were many bronze swords and spears, while a foot lower were numerous stone axes. Due to the rapidity of the river’s flow there was very little aggradation, so despite the small gap the bronze objects were substantially later than the stone ones. The river formed the border between the ancient kingdoms of Connaught and Leinster. The objects had apparently been lost in two battles for the ford that had taken place at widely differing dates; stressing that he was no expert himself, Mr Griffith wondered whether ancient Irish history might contain records of battles at this spot (Griffith 1844). This was probably the earliest non-funerary stratigraphic support for the Three Age System ever published, but it did not signal the acceptance of the Three Age System. Just as telling as Griffith’s stratigraphic observation was his immediate recourse to ancient history for an explanation; for, as we shall see, ancient history provided the dominant framework for the ancient Irish past until the end of the nineteenth century. The Irish had far more early manuscript sources than the Scots or the English, although wars and invasions had reduced them; the Welsh scholar Edward Lhwyd wrote from Sligo on 12 March 1700 to his colleague Henry Rowlands that ‘the Irish have many more ancient manuscripts than we in Wales; but since the late revolutions they are much lessened. I now and then pick up some very old parchment manuscripts; but they are hard to come by, and they that do anything understand them, value them as their lives’ (in Rowlands 1766: 315). In the seventeenth century various Irish scholars brought together the historical accounts available to them. Geoffrey Keating (Seathrú n Céitinn, in Irish) wrote the influential Foras Feasa ar Éirinn or ‘History of Ireland’ in c.1634, and an English translation was printed in 1723 (Waddell 2005).

The “Orient” in the “New World”: The Carreira da Índia and the Flows between Asia and Portuguese America

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 32-50
Author(s):  
Jorge Lúzio
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New World ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
Portuguese Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Connections ◽  
Asian People ◽  
Brazilian Ports

The history of Brazil in its colonial period is characterized by the movement of Asian people, goods, and merchandise radiating from Brazilian ports that received ships via the Carreira da Índia, the main sea route integrating the Portuguese Empire both commercially and politically. Asian memory and imagination were present in the urban centres of the Portuguese American colonies in the form of cultural material before the actual presence of Asians, which began to occur through cycles of immigration into Brazilian lands during the nineteenth century. This article traces the circulation of ivory carvings from Asia into Portuguese America as a way of illustrating the presence of Asian material cultures in the New World, as well as the relevance of the Carreira da Índia to these cultural connections.

scholarly journals Contribution of the Galician Bishop Cosme to the establishment of the Ecumenical Church in Ukraine in the XII century

2013 ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
I. Koval ◽  
L. Borusevych ◽  
A. Solovey
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Art Historians ◽  
History Of

The historic figure of the prominent ecclesiastical figure of the princely Rus-Ukraine, the associate of the ruler of the Galician principality, Yaroslav Osmomysl (1153-1187), Bishop Kosmi (Kuzma), was always in the sight of historians, religious scholars, archaeologists and art historians. True, its reading was usually done in the context of the study of the history of the origin of the Galician diocese in the middle of the 12th century. The problem of the founding of this diocese has a rather significant historiography. In the middle of the nineteenth century, thanks to the search of the Lviv priest A. Petrushevich, it was possible to establish the main stages of its ancient history. In the years 1854-1860, about. A. Petrushevich published the "Galician Historical Collection", which contained his articles on the Galician Cathedral Church, its bishops and metropolitans. The history of the diocese was investigated in the second half of the nineteenth century. Yu Peles, M. Tikhomirov and I. Rudovich. Important pages about her past were supplemented in the twentieth century. historians M. Hrushevsky, I. Nazarko, K. Panas, S.Mudry, Yu.Fedorov, Z. Fedunkov, religious scholars - S.Kyyak and I.Skochilas, archaeologists Y.Pasternak, V.Petegirich, Yu.Lukomsky, art historians Pelensky, M. Figol, V. Vuytsik. During this time, a whole body of research has been created, which is dedicated to the study of the imprint of the Galician bishop Cosmi. He is represented by the scientific works of M. Hrushevsky, P. Gaydukov, Y.Pasternak, R.Michailova, V. Yanin.

scholarly journals Reading and Not-Printing: Obstruction at the Crater Press

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-53
Author(s):  
Richard Parker
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Walt Whitman ◽  
Mark Twain ◽  
Emily Dickinson ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Benjamin Franklin ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Poets

I will begin this paper with a brief and partial history of American printing, detecting a shared predilection for a noticeably maverick relation to the printed page in the works (printed and otherwise) of Samuel Keimer and Benjamin Franklin during the colonial period, and the works of Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson and Mark Twain in the nineteenth-century. I term the interrupted, dialectical printing that connects all of these writer/printers ‘not-printing’, and offer some explanation of his term and a description of some of its manifestations. I will then move on to consider how the idea of ‘not-printing’ might be helpful for the consideration of some contemporary British and American poets and printers before concluding with a description of some of the ways that the productive constraints of such a practice have influenced my own work as editor and printer at the Crater Press. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_2-1_2

Educational Regulation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert N. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Catholic School ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
School Officials ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Chapter 3 traces the history of educational regulation in the nineteenth century. It argues that as Catholic school attendance grew in the late nineteenth century, Catholic school advocates, along with public officials, envisioned the many benefits of tethering private education to state goals. Together, Catholic and public school officials helped blur the sharp distinctions between public and private that had existed for much of the nineteenth century, as symbolized by the Dartmouth v. Woodward (1819) decision. First in Rhode Island and then in Ohio Catholics accepted, and indeed fought for, forms of public regulation in return for maintaining an important fiscal subsidy: the property tax exemption. Courts in these states, and elsewhere, generally obliged, and in doing so granted public bodies significantly greater authority to regulate private actors.

scholarly journals VOLTAIRE AND THE NECESSITY OF MODERN HISTORY

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERRE FORCE
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World History ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Ernst Cassirer ◽  
Universal History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Figure ◽  
Historical Practice

This article revisits what has often been called the “naive presentism” of Voltaire's historical work. It looks at the methodological and philosophical reasons for Voltaire's deliberate focus on modern history as opposed to ancient history, his refusal to “make allowances for time” in judging the past, and his extreme selectiveness in determining the relevance of past events to world history. Voltaire's historical practice is put in the context of the quarrel of the ancients and the moderns, and considered in a tradition of universal history going back to Bossuet and leading up to nineteenth-century German historicism. Paradoxically, Voltaire is a major figure in the history of historiography not in spite of his presentism (as Ernst Cassirer and Peter Gay have argued), but because of it.

Inughuit Open Water Hunting Before the Nineteenth Century: New Dates and Questions from Washington Land, Northwest Greenland

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-609
Author(s):  
Matthew Walls ◽  
Pauline Knudsen ◽  
Frederik Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
History Of

This report re-examines the Morris Bay Kayak, which was discovered in Washington Land, Northwest Greenland in 1921. Kayaks rarely preserve archaeologically, and the find is especially significant because the closest Inuit group, the Inughuit, were thought to have lost the technology sometime before the nineteenth century. In this context, radiocarbon dating of caribou antler pieces from the kayak places the date of the assemblage as surprisingly recent. Through comparison with regional assemblages, we argue that the Morris Bay Kayak is representative of a locally developed tradition of kayaking that was practiced until shortly before the colonial period and that this has important implications for understanding the deeper history of Inughuit open-water hunting.

scholarly journals ‘Rugged Hills’, ‘Dense Forests’ and ‘Backward People’. Imagining Landscapes in Nineteenth-Century Colonial Goa

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-170
Author(s):  
José Miguel Moura Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Imperial History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Discursive Constructions

The former Portuguese colony of Goa is best known nowadays as a tourist hotspot. To many, its iconic landscape is one of sandy beaches and whitewashed churches nestling among the paddy fields and coconut trees. But beyond this postcard image there is another lesser known landscape, epitomized by the rugged mountains and forests of the Sahyadri range. During the Portuguese colonial period, which lasted until 1961, this was the ‘other landscape’ of Goa, frequently portrayed as ‘wild’, ‘backward’ and inherently hostile to colonial rule. This essay discusses the production of these images and their importance in shaping colonial policies. Building upon recent research on Environmental and Imperial History, it argues that far from being mere discursive constructions these images had important political, economic, cultural and environmental repercussions which shaped the history of colonial Goa.

‘Delta’: The Construction of a Nineteenth-Century Literary Surgeon

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Coyer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Literary Cultures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical Humanism

This chapter examines the construction of David Macbeth Moir (1798–1851), a prolific Blackwoodian author and surgeon, as a medical poet, by himself and others, both within Blackwood’s and beyond, as a key component of a redemptive counter-discourse of medical humanism. The idealistic image of the ‘humanistic’ literary medical man is read as developing, in part, as a counter to the negative cultural representations of medicine exacerbated by the anatomy murders as well as the growing divisions between medico-scientific and literary cultures and the perceived negative consequences of the ‘march of intellect’. Moir’s place within a tradition of literary medical men in Scotland and his role in debates surrounding the reform of medical education are discussed, as are key projects, including essays published in Blackwood’s and Fraser’s Magazine for Town and Country, his Outlines of the Ancient History of Medicine (1831), and his poetry.

scholarly journals Shakespeare across the Taiwan Strait: A Developmental Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (35) ◽  
pp. 115-131
Author(s):  
Yu Sun ◽  
Longhai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Chinese Theatre ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Taiwan Strait ◽  
Cao Yu

Shakespeare studies in Mainland China and Taiwan evolved from the same origin during the two centuries after Shakespeare being introduced into China in the early nineteenth century. Although Shakespeare was first seen on the Taiwan stage in the Japanese language during the colonial period, it was after Kuomintang moved to Taiwan in 1949 that Shakespeare studies began to flourish when scholars and theatrical experts from mainland China, such as Liang Shih-Chiu, Yu Er-Chang, Wang Sheng-shan and others brought Chinese Shakespeare to Taiwan. Since the 1980s, mainland Shakespeareans began to communicate actively with their colleagues in Taiwan. With the continuous efforts of Cao Yu, Fang Ping, Meng Xianqiang, Gu Zhengkun, Yang Lingui and many other scholars in mainland China and Chu Li-Min, Yen Yuan-shu, Perng Ching-Hsi and other scholars in Taiwan, communications and conversations on Shakespeare studies across the Taiwan Strait were gradually enhanced in recent years. Meanwhile, innovations in Chinese adaptations of Shakespeare have resulted in a new performing medium, Shake-xiqu, through which theatrical practitioners on both sides explore possibilities of a union of Shakespeare and traditional Chinese theatre. This paper studies some intricate relationship in the history of Shakespeare studies in mainland China and Taiwan from a developmental perspective and suggests opportunities for positive and effective co-operations and interactions in the future.

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