The Economics of Industrial Slavery In the Old South

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Starobin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Old South ◽  
New Information ◽  
Industrial Slavery

The economics of slavery in the United States has long been a subject of great interest to historians, but the use of bondsmen in southern industries has been little studied. Professor Starobin not only provides new information on industrial slavery, but also offers important conclusions concerning the profitability, efficiency, and viability of this “peculiar institution.”

RAILROAD INVESTING AND THE IMPORTANCE OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING INFORMATION IN 1880s AMERICA

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel E. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
New Information ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
The Wall Street Journal

This study has a two-fold purpose. First, it seeks to determine the importance of financial accounting information to railroad investors (and speculators) in 1880s America. Second, a further goal is to ascertain what financial accounting information was readily available for use by these investors. Based on a comprehensive search of books of the era, the 1880s were a time of expanding advice for railroad securities holders that required the use of financial accounting information. Furthermore, new information sources arose to help service investors' needs. Statistics by Goodsell and The Wall Street Journal were two such sources. This article reviews these publications along with the ongoing Commercial and Financial Chronicle and Poor's Manual of the Railroads of the United States. Each of these sources helped railroad investors to follow contemporary advice of gathering financial accounting and other information when investing.

The ideological divide in public perceptions of self-driving cars

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-451
Author(s):  
Yilang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
United States ◽  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
New Information ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Self Driving Cars ◽  
Social Conservatism

Applications in artificial intelligence such as self-driving cars may profoundly transform our society, yet emerging technologies are frequently faced with suspicion or even hostility. Meanwhile, public opinions about scientific issues are increasingly polarized along the ideological line. By analyzing a nationally representative panel in the United States, we reveal an emerging ideological divide in public reactions to self-driving cars. Compared with liberals and Democrats, conservatives and Republicans express more concern about autonomous vehicles and more support for restrictively regulating autonomous vehicles. This ideological gap is largely driven by social conservatism. Moreover, both familiarity with driverless vehicles and scientific literacy reduce respondents’ concerns over driverless vehicles and support for regulation policies. Still, the effects of familiarity and scientific literacy are weaker among social conservatives, indicating that people may assimilate new information in a biased manner that promotes their worldviews.

Introduction: Forum on American Domestic Service

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-365
Author(s):  
Joy K. Lintelman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Domestic Service ◽  
Science History ◽  
Domestic Servants ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
New Information ◽  
Industrial Labor ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries

The articles on American domestic service that appear in this issue of Social Science History were part of a 1989 Social Science History Association Annual Meeting session. They reveal that, despite the investigations of Katzman (1978), Sutherland (1981), Dudden (1983), Glenn (1986), and others, there is still a great deal to know about domestic service in the United States. Each article offers a different perspective on transformations within domestic service in the United States in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and provides new information about different demographic categories of domestic servants. Taken together, they suggest creative new ways of understanding the occupation and its relationship to race, ethnicity, gender, and the industrial labor market.

scholarly journals Newcomers in a Nontraditional Receiving Community: Korean Immigrant Adaptation Strategies in the American Deep South

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Lynn ◽  
Sun-A Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Korean Immigrants ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Korean Immigrant ◽  
New Information ◽  
Permanent Residency ◽  
One Year

This ethnographic case study considers the role of the church in the lives of Korean immigrants in a small town in the southeastern United States. Drawn to a poultry processing plant by the promise of permanent residency, hundreds of middle class Koreans have cycled through one-year commitments at Claxton Poultry since 2005. We analyze the benefits and pitfalls of adaptation strategies developed by the Korean immigrants and how their social networks both help and hinder their livelihood in a nontraditional receiving locale. Results indicate that while membership at a prominent religious congregation does offer Korean immigrants bonding networks amongst themselves, it does not equate to bridging networks with the native population. Considering the high percentage of recent Korean immigrants to the United States who attend church services, the findings of this study contribute new information to the literature on acculturation and adaptation processes.

scholarly journals Japan’s voluntary lockdown

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252468
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Watanabe ◽  
Tomoyoshi Yabu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Location Data ◽  
New Information ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
At Home

Japan’s government has taken a number of measures, including declaring a state of emergency, to combat the spread COVID-19. We examine the mechanisms through which the government’s policies have led to changes in people’s behavior. Using smartphone location data, we construct a daily prefecture-level stay-at-home measure to identify the following two effects: (1) the effect that citizens refrained from going out in line with the government’s request, and (2) the effect that government announcements reinforced awareness with regard to the seriousness of the pandemic and people voluntarily refrained from going out. Our main findings are as follows. First, the declaration of the state of emergency reduced the number of people leaving their homes by 8.5% through the first channel, which is of the same order of magnitude as the estimates obtained for lockdowns in the United States. Second, a 1% increase in new infections in a prefecture reduces people’s outings in that prefecture by 0.027%. Third, the government’s requests are responsible for about one quarter of the decrease in outings in Tokyo, while the remaining three quarters are the result of citizens obtaining new information through government announcements and the daily release of the number of infections. The findings suggest that what mattered for containing the spread of COVID-19 was not strong, legally binding measures but the provision of appropriate information that encouraged people to change their behavior.

Non-Parametric Bayesian Networks for Hydrological Studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Ragno ◽  
Markus Hrachowitz ◽  
Oswaldo Morales-Nápoles
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
New Information ◽  
Discharge Estimation ◽  
Hydrological Applications ◽  
Non Parametric

<p>Non-Parametric Bayesian Networks (NPBNs) are graphical tools for statistical inference when new information become available. They have been widely used for reliability analysis and risk assessment. However, few hydrological applications can be found in the literature. Consequently, we explore the potential of NPBNs for maximum river discharge estimation by investigating a number of catchments with contrasting climate across the United States. Different networks schematizing river discharge generation processes at the catchment scale are built and analysed. Hydro-meteorological forcings and catchment's attributes are retrieved from Catchment Attributes for Large-Sample Studies (CAMELS). We highlight the benefits but also the challenges encountered in the application of NPBNs for river discharge estimation. Finally, we provide insights on how to overcome some of the difficulties met.</p>

New Information That People in High Places Do Not Want Us to Know About Autism

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burton Norman Seitler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Social Commentary ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
New Information ◽  
Early Infantile Autism ◽  
Leo Kanner

Until the 1930s, the term “autism” was not mentioned in the literature. Until then, vaccination programs did not exist in the United States. Leo Kanner applied the term “early infantile autism,” detailing 11 cases of children born in 1931. He thought these children seemed like they inhabited a world of one, hence the term “autism,” originally derived from Bleuler (1911). Kanner furnished the following description: “aloneness that, whenever possible, disregards, ignores, shuts out anything that comes to the child from the outside.” He initially claimed parents of children with autism were often cold and humorless perfectionists (Kanner, 1943), considering them to be “emotional refrigerators,” a characterization that haunted him, one he deeply regretted and ultimately recanted. There has been a significant rise in autism. Some of this is probably due to looser definitions, widened to include a broad “spectrum” of behaviors. However, even when I tightened up the criteria for inclusion, I still was able to observe a rather sizeable—in fact, dramatic and alarming—increment. Curious about why this might be so, I began to investigate. I discovered a great deal of secrecy, nontransparency, obstructionism, mystification, and even falsification of data in which people in high places were engaged. This article is intended to disclose facts heretofore obscured, hidden, or reassembled in fanciful ways and to raise questions and make scientific statements and social commentary on this highly important issue. Possible sources of toxicity are listed.

Board Foot Volume Estimation for Southern Pines

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Borders ◽  
Barry D. Shiver
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
The United States ◽  
Volume Estimation ◽  
Form Class ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surrogate Variable ◽  
Southern Pines ◽  
New Information ◽  
Total Tree

Abstract Estimating the board foot volume of sawtimber size trees is one of the most common tasks of field foresters. The most often used board foot volume tables in the southeastern United States were developed in the mid-1940s. Much information has been developed during the past 50 yr concerning the volume and shape of tree stems for many species grown in many areas of the United States. Below, we show that this new information can be used to develop board foot volume tables that are species and region specific. It is shown that for southern pines, total tree height can serve as a surrogate variable for Girard form class. Since total height is more easily measured in the field than Girard form class, volume tables entered by height class may be preferred to volume tables entered by form class. South. J. Appl. For. 19(1):23-28.

scholarly journals Reactions of Soybean Germplasm Accessions to Six Phakopsora pachyrhizi Isolates from the United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087-1095
Author(s):  
Chandra Paul ◽  
Hélder Z. Motter ◽  
David R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Resistance Allele ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
New Information ◽  
Resistance Reaction

Soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd., is one of the most economically important foliar diseases of soybean. Resistant cultivars could reduce yield losses and management costs but considerable pathogenic diversity exists among populations of the fungus; thus, resistance to a range of pathotypes is essential. Seedling and detached-leaf assays were conducted to characterize the resistance of 55 soybean plant introductions (PIs) to six purified isolates of P. pachyrhizi originating from the southern United States. In the greenhouse resistance assays, the differentials Hyuuga (PI 506764) and PI 471904 and accessions PI 224268, PI 567025A, PI 567039, PI 567046A, and DT 2000 (PI 635999) were resistant to all six isolates, including Florida isolates from 2011 and 2012 that were able to defeat resistance conditioned by the Rpp1 through Rpp4 genes. Twenty-six other PIs were resistant to four or five of the six isolates. In the detached-leaf assays, eight accessions developed reddish-brown reactions to all six isolates, with an average of only 0.23 to 0.55 uredinia/lesion. These included Hyuuga, DT 2000, two differentials with a resistance allele at the Rpp5 locus, and accessions PI 224268, PI 423960B, PI 567025A, and PI 567046A. Many of the resistant accessions have subsequently been reported to have a resistance allele at the Rpp3 locus, and two others have resistance genes at the Rpp4 or Rpp6 locus. This study provided new information about resistance reaction phenotypes that can be useful for understanding mechanisms of resistance, which Rpp genes and alleles could be combined to obtain broader and more durable rust resistance in soybean cultivars, and pathotype diversity among the six isolates used.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document