Regarding the Theological Anthropology of Theodore of Mopsuestia

1964 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Vööbus
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Theological Anthropology ◽  
Original Sin ◽  
Theodore Of Mopsuestia ◽  
The Status

In the research on Theodore's theology, a complication has arisen. Certain Conclusions which place Theodore's ideas in quite different perspective than the traditional have been drawn. The monograph produced by R. Devreesse established the thesis that the views which have been repeated about Theodore's convictions concerning man are erroneous and need to be corrected. The alleged deviations from the established positions as affirmed by tradition must upon closer examination be regarded as no more than myth which has gained the status of established truth. Theodore's thinking is in fact entirely within the line of orthodox tradition. He taught both the immortal status given to Adam by creation and original sin and its effects on human nature.

Shadow Sophia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia E. Deane-Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Theological Anthropology ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Original Sin ◽  
Theological Ethics ◽  
Psychological Literature ◽  
Capacity To Act ◽  
Classic Theory ◽  
Moral Nature ◽  
Shadow Side

Why do humans who seem to be exemplars of virtue also have the capacity to act in atrocious ways? What are the roots of tendencies for sin and evil? A popular assumption is that it is our animalistic natures that are responsible for human immorality and sin, while our moral nature curtails and contains such tendencies through human powers of freedom and higher reason. This book challenges such assumptions as being far too simplistic. Through a careful engagement with evolutionary and psychological literature, it argues that tendencies towards vice are, more often than not, distortions of the very virtues that are capable of making us good. After beginning with Augustine’s classic theory of original sin, the book probes the philosophical implications of sin’s origins in dialogue with the philosophy of Paul Ricoeur. Different vices are treated in both individual and collective settings in keeping with a multispecies approach. Areas covered include selfishness, pride, violence, anger, injustice, greed, envy, gluttony, deception, lying, lust, despair, anxiety, and sloth. The work of Thomas Aquinas helps to illuminate and clarify much of this discussion on vice, including those vices which are more distinctive for human persons in community with other beings. Such an approach amounts to a search for the shadow side of human nature, shadow sophia. Facing that shadow is part of a fuller understanding of what makes us human and thus this book is a contribution to both theological anthropology and theological ethics.

Is Aristotle an Archimedean Naturalist?

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-79
Author(s):  
Sylvia Berryman
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Natural Justice ◽  
The Status ◽  
Relationship Of

This chapter examines the evidence of the ethical treatises regarding Aristotle’s use of the appeal to human nature to provide substantive guidance or justification for the demands of ethics. The so-called function argument, the notion that human beings have a natural direction of development, and the references to natural virtue or natural justice are canvassed as possible grounds for believing that Aristotle was an Archimedean naturalist about ethics. The status and relationship of the various ethical treatises is also discussed, together with the place of ethics within the hierarchy of sciences, as necessary background to the examination of Aristotle’s views.

Freedom and Responsibility

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-184
Author(s):  
Thomas H. McCall ◽  
Keith D. Stanglin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Theological Anthropology ◽  
Original Sin ◽  
Trinitarian Theology ◽  
Reformed Theology ◽  
Doctrine Of God ◽  
Knowledge Of God ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Freedom And Responsibility

In Chapter 4, we survey how claims to knowledge of God were defended in the nineteenth-century Methodist context; we look both at the theological methods that were employed and how apologetic impulses functioned within those prolegomena. Turning to the doctrine of God, we trace some of the momentous changes that took place as Wesleyan theology wrestled with modern challenges in relation to its classical inheritance (especially in relation to classical doctrines of perfection, simplicity, aseity, immutability, and omniscience as well as Trinitarian theology). With regard to theological anthropology, we see how the major Methodist theologians wrestled not only with long-standing disputes (for example, the mind–body relation) but also with current debates (for example, race and ethnicity). We trace the Wesleyan debates (both internally, and against traditional Reformed theology as well as revisionism and modernism) over the doctrine of original sin.

scholarly journals The Unsuitability of “Unsubstitutability” in Theological Anthropology

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Joshua R. Farris
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Theological Anthropology ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
In Virtue Of ◽  
As If

When we wait for a significant other, it is not as if we are waiting for someone who looks like her, talks like her, or even walks like her. Instead, what we want is her. And, the same goes for the afterlife: if there is an afterlife, we long to see our loved ones. Not those who look like our loved ones, who sound like them, or even smell like them, but we actually want them. In the study of human nature, this is, arguably, one of the modern insights on humanity. The question of the “particularity” of human beings matters. In technical philosophical studies, the question of “particularity” is a question of thisness (i.e., the fact that objects are countable as discrete in virtue of some property or feature that makes an object what it is). What makes one person this person rather than that person? By showing how the concept of thisness is important in modern and contemporary theology, I will argue for a specific view as that which accurately captures both the historical consensus and the modern emphasis of personhood.

The Rudeness and Reverence of Geoffrey Hill’s Mariology

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-165
Author(s):  
Jesse Russell
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Virgin Mary ◽  
Original Sin ◽  
British History ◽  
Blessed Virgin Mary ◽  
The World ◽  
Simone Weil ◽  
Geoffrey Hill

Abstract Due to his seemingly reactionary politics and theology, the recently deceased English lyricist Geoffrey Hill has courted controversy throughout his life. However, while Hill’s work is replete with qualified nostalgia for premodern British history, and he does treat a number of Christian themes in his work, the great British poet defies easy categorisation. Moreover, drawing from the theology of Simone Weil, Rowan Williams, and others, Hill’s work is saturated with a profound awareness of the fallen state of human nature. One of the most profound tropes Hill uses as a representative of what could be called Original Sin is the image of the Blessed Virgin Mary. As a tormented believer and a poet very aware of the fallenness of the world, Hill’s depiction of Mary reveals that Hill is a Christian poet who does not fall into ready categories.

scholarly journals Community and the Individual: A Note on Rohinton Mistry's Family Matters

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
P. Eshwara Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Family Values ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Rohinton Mistry ◽  
Family Politics ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual

Rohinton Mistry was born in 1952 in Mumbai, but settled in Canada, is a well known contemporary postcolonial writer. His novels portray modern India, focusing on conflicting situations and redemptive moments. His works Such a Long Journey (1991) A Fine Balance (1996) and Family Matters (2002) emphasize poverty, corruption and injustice intertwined with humour and tragic beauty highlighting the perception of life of the urban poor. Mistry uses both myriad and mixed experiences of a particular family to present the brokenness of modern society which is compounded by various and different memories and feelings. The paper throws light on community and the individual in Family Matters, it was published in 2002, and is Mistry’s third novel.  It has been rightly acclaimed as a masterpiece and also shortlisted for Man Booker Prize in 2003.  The writer’s humanity and compassion towards human beings relations and problems have been delicately portrayed. Rohinton Mistry’s Family Matters focuses upon the problems of un- belongingness and preservation of family values. The novel reveals the mutual equation of family members and family politics in the post modern society. The novelist delineates the importance of belongingness and preservation of family values through the most trustworthy institution named family and reflects the psychological stance of the members of family towards their aging and dying elders. The novel is a representation of harsh realities and selfish human nature of the characters who expresses the status of an individual in relation to family, community and society.

scholarly journals Kajian Teologis Terhadap Lesbian di Lembang Perindingan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Sirangki
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Status ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
In The Beginning

God created man in His image and likeness. This means that humans have a resemblance to their creator. When God created man the Bible clearly says that in the beginning God only created man, male and female. Then God made man as his mandate on earth in order to develop and conquer the earth. However, recently there has been an issue about LGBT, especially lesbians, who are pro and contra in the community. For some people there are those who accept the lesbian behavior and there are also those who reject the behavior. Such behavior is not only carried out by non-Christian people but such behavior has also been carried out by those who have held the status of believers in God, even though the Bible clearly opposes such behavior because it is contrary to God's purpose and purpose in creating humans as male and female. female. On that basis it can be said that those who become lesbian perpetrators are not only against their human nature but also against God's decree. Humans can only fulfill God's purpose of creating them in being mandatory over the whole creation if humans have contact with the opposite sex instead of the same sex.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF «HUMAN NATURE» AS AN AXIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE

2021 ◽  
pp. 413-422
Author(s):  
Guzel K. Saikina ◽  
◽  
Zulfiya Z. Ibragimova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Human Ecology ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Social ◽  
Essential Idea ◽  
The Status ◽  
Ontological Framework

In the philosophy of the 20th century, the idea of the absence of nature in man was established, due to which the concept of «human nature» became a rudiment in anthropological knowledge, and man himself began to be comprehended as «unsupported». In the era of the «biotechnological revolution», this concept turns out to be inconvenient for the transgressive game of man with his own limits. However, the problematization of a person in modern anthropological discourse can occur in many respects precisely through questioning the human nature. In the era of developed biotechnologies, for the purposes of human ecology, modern anthropology should not so much deny as assert the nature of man, since the concept of «human nature» indicates an ontological framework that preserves the authenticity of man, ensuring the continuity of all his historical forms. In contrast to the interpretation of the concept of human nature as opposed to the social essence (as a base physical, material, biological, vital part of human being), it is heuristically significant to elevate it to a socially significant axiological principle, filling it with value content by raising the status of the human nature. This is especially important due to the fact that this concept is substantively included in ethical, social and humanitarian expertise of biotechnological projects. Without the axiological development of this concept, bioethical and ecological discourses will lose strength and persuasiveness. A person is always incomplete, multidimensional, multifaceted, therefore there cannot be a single essential idea of a person capable of becoming the cementing foundation of anthropological knowledge, as the first generation of «philosophical anthropology» representatives hoped for. Still, man is one anthropological type with a single nature. As a result of the study, a hypothesis has been put forward that it is the reanimation of the concept of «human nature» that will give unity to anthropological knowledge and become its «ideological core».

scholarly journals Images, Reality and Truth: Some Philosophical Considerations

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Santiago Sia
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Excellent Quality ◽  
The Status ◽  
Philosophical Background ◽  
Laws And Policies

Developments in technology and communications haveenhanced the status and role of imaging. They haveresulted not just in the excellent quality of images but alsoin the speed and ease of distributing or communicatingthem. But with the welcome advances have also comeundesirable and even threatening consequences for bothindividuals and society. These have presented challengesand issues which need to be addressed urgently. Focusingfirst on the tension between image and reality, it providesa philosophical background to the debate. It thendiscusses the question of truth and the related issues ofthe right to know, freedom of speech and privacy. Itprovides the foundation for these fundamental rights butalso examines the tensions or conflicts in their exercise. Italso discusses some guidelines to deal with thesechallenges and issues; namely, the criteria ofappropriateness and acceptability and the importance ofaccountability. It suggests that in addition, given thefrailty of human nature and the lessons of history, societyalso needs the support of laws and policies.

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