scholarly journals Conflict of Law Relating to Negotiable Paper, Taken as Collateral Security for Antecedent Indebtedness

1891 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 689
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Law

Conflict of Laws and the Return of Indigenous Peoples’ Cultural Property: A Latin American Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-456
Author(s):  
María Julia Ochoa Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Latin American ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Property A ◽  
American Perspective ◽  
International Instruments ◽  
Conflict Of Law

Abstract:In Latin America, conflict-of-law norms have not appropriately considered the cultural diversity that exists in their legal systems. However, developments towards the recognition of Indigenous peoples’ human rights, at the international and national levels, impose the task of considering such diversity. In that regard, within the conflict-of-law realm, interpersonal law offers a useful perspective. This article proposes a conflict-of-law rule that can contribute to clarity and legal certainty, offering a sound way of dealing at the national level with Indigenous peoples’ claims for restitution of property with a cultural value for them, which is framed in international instruments on human rights.

The Conflict of Law and Policy on Reservations to Human Rights Treaties

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
Conflict Of Law

Różne perspektywy dotyczące skutków art. 95 CISG

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Danuta Pohl-Michałek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
International Sale Of Goods ◽  
Conflict Of Law

The 1980 United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) was adopted in order to provide uniform rules governing the international sale of goods. It has already been ratified by an impressive number of 92 Contracting States, with the major trading countries taking the lead. The CISG applies to contracts for the sale of goods between parties whose places of business are in different States, where the States are CISG Contracting States (Article 1(1)(a)). Moreover, it applies to contracts for the sale of goods when the contracting parties have their places of business in different States and when the rules of private international law lead to the application of the law of a CISG Contracting State (Article 1(1)(b)). However, at the time of ratification, the prospective Contracting States are given the possibility of making additional reservations, including one set out in Article 95 CISG, which limits the application of Article 1(1)(b) of the Convention. Although there are some CISG Contracting States that initially applied the reservation but have since withdrawn it, there are still a few Contracting States where the reservation remains[1], including the two largest trading countries – China and the United States. The paper presents various approaches regarding the interpretation of the effects of the reservation set out in Article 95 CISG, which in fact challenge the principle of the uniform interpretation and application of the Convention’s provisions. The author argues that the Article 95 CISG reservation leads to increased confusion and problematic conflict of law issues that bring more chaos than benefits.   [1] The remaining Article 95 CISG Reservatory States are: Armenia, China, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Singapore, Slovakia and the United States of America. Information is based on the official website: https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=X-10&chapter=10 (accessed: 9.12.2019).

scholarly journals Prawo właściwe dla zobowiązań deliktowych wynikających z naruszenia zasad ochrony danych osobowych przyjętych w RODO

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-59
Author(s):  
Marek Świerczyński
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
National Courts ◽  
International Data ◽  
Conflict Of Law

Disputes arising from international data breaches can be complex. Despite the introduction of new, unified EU regulation on the protection of personal data (GDPR), the European Union failed to amend the Rome II Regulation on the applicable law to non-contractual liability and to extend its scope to the infringements of privacy. GDPR only contains provisions on international civil procedure. However, there are no supplementing conflict-of-law rules. In order to determine the applicable law national courts have to apply divergent and dispersed national codifications of private international law. The aim of this study is to propose an optimal conflict-of-law model for determining the applicable law in case of infringement of the GDPR’s privacy regime.

scholarly journals The Impact of Brainerd Currie’s Governmental Interest on the Principle of the Closest Connection

Lex Russica ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Т. V. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Matter Field ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Substantive Law ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Law Regulation ◽  
Conflict Of Law

In modern private international law, the principle of the closest connection involves not only the identification of the prevailing territorial connection, but also the consideration of substantive factors (protection of a weaker party, preferability to keep the transaction valid, etc.). The paper substantiates the thesis that, being initially based on the territorial localization of the relationship, the analyzed principle in the course of its development was enhanced with the achievements of others doctrinal approaches to the resolution of the conflict-of-law issue, including the concept of “governmental” or “state” interest developed by American legal scholar Brainerd Currie. A genius breakthrough suggested by B. Currie is examined as an attempt to overcome the mechanical approach of conflict-of-law rules, expand the subject matter field of assessment at the stage of resolving the conflict-o-law issue and, ultimately, evaluate the substantive law result of this decision within the framework of understanding law as a tool for the protection of an individual by the state. Nevertheless, substantive law factors, contrary to one of the main tenets of B. Currie’s teaching, do not replace traditional conflict-of-laws rules at all. To the extent that the conflict-of-law regulation mechanism balances predictability and flexibility of decisions, it complements the search for territorial connection with substantive law considerations. The research makes it possible to conclude that the principle of the closest connection in private international law of the Russian Federation, in the context of global trends in the development of approaches to the resolution of conflict-of-law issues, is complex in nature, as indicated by the explanation of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation that “when determining the closest connection, the court,” first, establishes ”the prevailing territorial connection” and, second, “may take into account the application of the law of which country will best realize the universally recognized principles of civil law and of its institutions.” As a consequence, it is the combination of territorial and substantive law components in the content of the principle of the closest connection that provides an appropriate balance between predictability and flexibility of the modern mechanism of conflict-of-law regulation.

United in Diversity – Regional Unification of the Conflict-of-law Rules in Matters of Matrimonial Property Regimes

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-178
Author(s):  
Lucie Zavadilová
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
International Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
General Part ◽  
Substantive Law ◽  
Fundamental Values ◽  
Property Regimes ◽  
Conflict Of Law

The unification of the conflict-of-law rules in matters of matrimonial property regimes at EU level seeks to mitigate differences in substantive law in particular legal systems. The aim of this contribution is to analyse the doctrine of overriding mandatory provisions and consider the applicability of the public policy exception, which limit the application of the law otherwise applicable determined in compliance with the unified conflict-of-law rules. The question author addresses in this paper is whether these institutes of the general part of private international law provide for sufficient safeguards to protect the fundamental values and public interests of the forum law in matters of matrimonial property regimes.

Conflict of Law. Statute of Limitations

1919 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Law

Conflict of Law: Jurisdiction

1930 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Law
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