Leaf Traits and the Species Richness and Abundance of Lepidopteran Larvae on Deciduous Trees in Southern Ontario

Oikos ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Karban ◽  
Robert E. Ricklefs
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Deciduous Trees ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Lepidopteran Larvae ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance

scholarly journals Salinity and freshwater discharge determine rotifer distribution at the Mossoró River Estuary (Semiarid Region of Brazil)

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMA. Medeiros ◽  
JEL. Barbosa ◽  
PR. Medeiros ◽  
RM. Rocha ◽  
LF. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Freshwater Discharge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Inverse Estuary ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance

The present study aimed at evaluating differences in rotifer distribution in three estuarine zones in an inverse estuary located in the Semiarid Region of Brazil. Zones were chosen based on their proximity to the ocean and river border as a means of reflecting a horizontal salinity gradient. High freshwater discharge during the rainy season was the major determinant of rotifer composition. On the other hand, due to higher salinity values during the dry season, very low values of species richness and abundance were observed in all zones. Therefore, the study highlights the constraints of salinity and the positive influence of seasonality and river proximity on rotifer species in a semiarid estuarine environment.

scholarly journals Impact of greenspaces in city on avian species richness and abundance in Northern Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 340 (8) ◽  
pp. 394-400
Author(s):  
Hani Amir Aouissi ◽  
Julien Gasparini ◽  
Adnène Ibrahim Belabed ◽  
Zihad Bouslama
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Northern Africa ◽  
Avian Species ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance

scholarly journals Effects of cover crops on beetle assemblages in tea plantations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Lin Chen ◽  
Gabor Pozsgai ◽  
Xiang-Yu Li ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Gadi V.P. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Bare Ground ◽  
Tea Plantations ◽  
Beetle Assemblages ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance

AbstractBeetles are visible members of food webs in tea plantations, with high species richness and abundance. Many tea pests, as well as natural enemies, are members of this order, so a knowledge of how groundcovers affect beetles can aid pest management. We collected beetles in a replicated field experiment in the Wuyi Mountains, Fujian Province China. Tea was intercropped with Paspalum notatum or Chamaecrista rotundifolia, or rows were cleared to bare ground, or in the control they were left unmanaged to allow weeds to grow naturally. Sampling, done by sweep netting and vegetation beating, was conducted monthly, between May 2006 and April 2008, and Coleoptera abundance, biomass, species richness and assemblage structures were compared between groundcover treatments. Total beetle abundance and species richness were significantly higher in tea intercropped with C. rotundifolia and bare ground than in naturally grown weedy control. Whilst there was no difference between predator assemblages among treatments for any measure, herbivores were more abundant, weighed more, and were more diverse in C. rotundifolia treatments than in weedy control. Biomass and species richness were also greater in plots with P. notatum groundcover than those in weedy control. We found that beetle assemblages varied both seasonally and with ground cover treatment, but the potential pest control impact of more species-rich beetle assemblages was mixed, and further work is needed to gain information on trophic groups with potential benefits for use in non-insecticidal pest management.

Spatial distribution of chaetodontid fish in coral reefs of the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cadoret ◽  
M. Adjeroud ◽  
M. Tsuchiya
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Reef Slope ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Southern Japan ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands ◽  
The World ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Reef Edge

The spatial patterns of butterflyfish assemblages (Chaetodontidae) were examined within and between five islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago, southern Japan. Despite being the northernmost reef communities in the world and despite the severe natural and human-induced disturbances that have affected them since the 1970s, the coral reefs of the Ryukyu Islands have one of the most diversified assemblages of chaetodontids in the world. A total of 30 species were identified, and species richness per island ranged from 20 to 25 species. On each of the 45 stations prospected, between four and 17 species were recorded, and between 0.75 and 21.75 ind 250 m−2 were counted. Variation in species composition, species richness and abundance between islands was less pronounced than the variation within islands, where assemblages of the major reef environments (i.e. the reef flat, the reef edge, and the reef slope) were distinguished. The highest species richness and abundance were found on the reef slope and the reef edge. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that depth, substrate complexity, and live coral cover influenced the distribution of chaetodontid fishes. These factors accounted for 20% of the variation in the species data matrix.

Effect of indaziflam on native species in natural areas and rangeland

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Clark ◽  
Derek J. Sebastian ◽  
Scott J. Nissen ◽  
James R. Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Perennial Species ◽  
Temporary Reduction ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance

AbstractMinimizing the negative ecological impacts of exotic plant invasions is one goal of land management. Using selective herbicides is one strategy to achieve this goal; however, the unintended consequences of this strategy are not always fully understood. The recently introduced herbicide indaziflam has a mode of action not previously used in non-crop weed management. Thus, there is limited information about the impacts of this active ingredient when applied alone or in combination with other non-crop herbicides. The objective of this research was to evaluate native species tolerance to indaziflam and imazapic applied alone and with other broadleaf herbicides. Replicated field plots were established at two locations in Colorado with a diverse mix of native forbs and grasses. Species richness and abundance were compared between the nontreated control plots and plots where indaziflam and imazapic were applied alone and in combination with picloram and aminocyclopyrachlor. Species richness and abundance did not decrease when indaziflam or imazapic were applied alone; however, species abundance was reduced by treatments containing picloram and aminocyclopyrachlor. Species richness was only impacted at one site 1 yr after treatment (YAT) by these broadleaf herbicides. Decreases in abundance were mainly due to reductions in forbs that resulted in a corresponding increase in grass cover. Our data suggest that indaziflam will control downy brome (Bromus tectorumL.) for multiple years without reduction in perennial species richness or abundance. IfB. tectorumis present with perennial broadleaf weeds requiring the addition of herbicides like picloram or aminocyclopyrachlor, forb abundance could be reduced, and in some cases there could be a temporary reduction in perennial species richness.

scholarly journals Environmental conditions alter successional trajectories on an ephemeral resource: a field experiment with beetles in dead wood

Oecologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 194 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 205-219
Author(s):  
Ole Petter Laksforsmo Vindstad ◽  
Tone Birkemoe ◽  
Rolf Anker Ims ◽  
Anne Sverdrup-Thygeson
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Fungal Community Composition ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Ephemeral Resources

Abstract Successional processes can be observed for many organisms and resources, but most studies of succession have focused on plants. A general framework has been proposed, advocating that successional patterns in species turnover are predominantly driven by competition, dispersal or abiotic limitation, and that the patterning of species accumulation over time gives clues to which process is most influential in a given system. We applied this framework to succession in communities of wood-living beetles, utilizing ephemeral resources in the form of 60 experimentally created dead aspen high stumps. High stumps were created at sun-exposed sites (high ambient temperature; favourable abiotic conditions) and shaded sites (low ambient temperature; abiotically limiting conditions). The sites were intermixed, ensuring similar dispersal opportunities. Beetle species richness and abundance were monitored with flight interception traps over four consecutive years. Consistent with predictions from the tested framework, several beetle functional groups accumulated species more slowly at the unfavourable shaded sites than at the favourable exposed sites. Species richness at the exposed sites increased rapidly to a plateau, consistent with a limiting effect of competition on community development. Similar results were obtained for beetle abundance and community structure. Part of the variance in beetle community structure was jointly explained by habitat and fungal community composition, suggesting that differences in the composition and developmental rate of fungal communities in the two habitats contributed to the observed patterns. Targeted experimental studies are now required to decisively establish what processes underlie the contrasting successional trajectories in the two environments.

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