The Marriage of Edward III and the Transmission of French Motets to England

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Wathey
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Direct Product ◽  
Edward Ii ◽  
Edward Iii ◽  
Political Program ◽  
The Future ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fundamental Cause

This article describes the hitherto unsuspected transmission to England of the two motets in Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS français 571 (also found in Chaillou de Pesstain's interpolated version of the Roman de Fauvel (MS français 146)) as a direct product of the period spent in France by Isabella, Queen of England, 1325-1326, and of the negotiations for the marriage of her son, the future Edward III of England. Isabella's expedition, both before and after the open break with her husband, Edward II, afforded numerous opportunities for the proximity of English and French musicians; new documentation presented here permits the charting in detail of English clerics' contacts with Gervais du Bus, one of the authors of the Roman de Fauvel, and with Philippe de Vitry. A new dating is advanced for MS français 571, compiled for the marriage of Prince Edward and Philippa of Hainault. Edward's proximity to the French royal line (and the residual English claim to the French throne) provided a rationale not only for the English diplomatic handling of the marriage, but also for the inclusion of the motet texts in MS français 571. The motets' topical texts, originally cast with other purposes in mind, are here subordinated to the broader political program of the Anglo-Hainault marriage. Thus, far from being monofunctional, fourteenth-century motets could be re-used in new contexts that made quite different uses of the messages promulgated in their texts: the adaptability of individual motets may, indeed, have been a fundamental cause in their transmission and even in their later survival.

The English Hierarchy in the Reign of Edward III

1956 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 115-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. L. Highfield
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
Edward Ii ◽  
Primary Object ◽  
Edward Iii ◽  
Break Up

THE English hierarchy in the period between the Norman Conquest and the death of Edward II has attracted the attention of a number of modern scholars. Recently Mr. Pantin has extended those studies in an outline survey of the episcopate for the whole of the fourteenth century. The primary object here is to fill in with more detail the background of that out-line for the reign of Edward III. I shall, however, break up one of his categories into four. In general I shall suggest that care must be taken not to exaggerate the importance of bishops with experience in the royal administration or of those with high aristocratic connections. I shall seek to classify the 85 bishops in order to show their origin, their experience and, in the case of the aristocrats, their social class. In a century when civil servants might also be scholars like Richard of Bury, or when monks could hold great offices of state like Simon Langham, any attempt at an exclusive division into categories is bound to be artificial. Exclusive percentages will not, therefore, be relied on. Bishops may occur in one or more categories.

The Musical Training of the Pearl Poet

PMLA ◽  
1931 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Coolidge Otis Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Musical Training ◽  
Pearl Poet ◽  
Sir Gawain ◽  
Edward Ii ◽  
Edward Iii ◽  
Knight's Tale ◽  
The Church

In the fourteenth century all good Englishmen were singers. How large a part music played in the life of the time is apparent in Chaucer, who, as Burney remarks, ‘never loses an opportunity of describing or alluding to its general use, and of bestowing it as an accomplishment upon the pilgrims, heroes, and heroines of his several poems.’ The carved figures in the minstrels' gallery at Exeter Cathedral and the Angel Choir of Lincoln are lasting memorials to the universal popularity of music in that day. While the cleric devoted himself to the music that lent beauty to the services of the church, the layman delighted in the music of the banquet, the battle, and the chase. Edward III. himself kept a band of household minstrels that included ‘trompeters, cytelers, pypers, tabrete, mabrers, clarions, fedelers, wayghtes.’ Le Art de Venerie, written by Twici, huntsman to Edward II., reveals a highly developed hunting music, and the martial music is mentioned by Chaucer in the Knight's Tale (A. 2511–12):Pypes, trompes, nakers, clariounes,That in the bataille blowen blody sounes.Born into such a world as this, the poet of Pearl and Sir Gawain bore the deep impress of the popular taste. His own taste was of wide compass, and included an appreciation of instrumental and vocal, secular and ecclesiastical music.

Extension

1929 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-42
Keyword(s):  
Economic Importance ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
The Future ◽  
Before And After

Poultry Industry in Belgium. L'Industrie Avicole by M. Frateur. University of Louvain, Journal de la Société Centrale d'Agriculture de Belgique 1928, p. 162.Description of: Economic importance of the poultry industry, egg-consumption, export of eggs, poultry-industry before and after the war, conservation of eggs; the future of the industry.

scholarly journals La ficción medieval de Arthur Conan Doyle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Miralles Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Historical Novel ◽  
Edward Iii ◽  
Arthur Conan Doyle ◽  
Novela Historica ◽  
Victorian Age

Resumen:A final de la era Victoriana, cuando el nuevo siglo presentaba sus desafíos y rutas de progreso, Arthur Conan Doyle decide revivir la época de Eduardo III y el Príncipe Negro. Su estudio de la caballería y del arquero inglés genera un caudal educativo que dirige hacia los jóvenes y adultos de clase media. La reconstrucción del siglo XIV en The White Company (1891) y Sir Nigel (1906) re fleja su compromiso con el honor y el deber nacional, su manera de ver la historia y la ficción, su disfrute de la aventura y la lucha, y su sentido de humor.Palabras clave: Novela histórica, era Victoriana, siglo XIV, tradiciones nacionales, caballería, masculinidad.Title in English: Medieval fiction in Arthur Conan DoyleAbstract:As the Victorian age neared its end and the new century presented challenges and new courses of progress, Arthur Conan Doyle decided to revive the days of Edward III and the Black Prince. His research into chivalry and the English archer became a source of example and instruction for both young and adult middle class citizens of Britain. In the writing of The White Company (1891) and Sir Nigel (1906), he was led by his commitment to patriotic duty and honour, his consideration of history and fiction, his passion for adventure and fighting, and his sense of humour.Keywords: Historical novel, Victorian age, fourteenth century, national traditions, chivalry, manhood. 

scholarly journals Contriving the Future by Tampering with the Past: A Deferral Tactic in Chinese Internet Censorship

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUSUNG SU ◽  
Siyu Sun ◽  
Jiangrui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Political Event ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Internet Censorship

How do Chinese information inspectors censor the internet? In light of the assumption that inspectors must follow specific rules instead of ambiguous guidelines, such as precluding collective action, to decide what and when to delete, this study attempts to offer a dynamic understanding of censorship by exploiting well-structured Weibo data from before and after the 2018 Taiwanese election. This study finds that inspectors take advantage of time in handling online discussions with the potential for collective action. Through this deferral tactic, inspectors make online sentiments moderately flow regarding an important political event, and thereafter, past discussions on trendy topics will be mostly removed. Therefore, reality is selectively altered; the past is modified, and the future will be remembered in a ``preferable" way.

scholarly journals Jesse Shera, The Wars and The Pietá

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Porto Bozzetti ◽  
Gustavo Saldanha
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
Information Science ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Theoretical Formulation ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Future ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject

The purpose of this paper, considering the relevance of Shera thoughts and its repercussions, is to reposition, in epistemological-historical terms, Jesse Shera’s approaches and their impacts according to a relation between life and work of the epistemologist. Without the intention of an exhaustive discussion, the purpose is to understand some unequivocal relations between the Shera critique for the context of its theoretical formulation and the consequences of this approach contrary to some tendencies originating from the technical and bureaucratic roots of the field (before and after World War II). It is deduced that Shera, rather than observing the sociopolitical reality and technical partner in which the texture of alibrary-based thought (but visualized by him as documentaryinformational), establishes, in his own praxis, social epistemology as a sort of "critique of the future," that is, as a praxis of the reflexive activity of the subject inserted in this episteme. In our discussion, the epistemological-social approach represents a vanguard for the context of its affirmation, a reassessment for the immediate decades to its presentation(years 1960 and 1970) and a critique for the future of what was consolidated under the notion of information Science, anticipating affirmations of "social nature" of the 1980s and 1990s in the field of information.

Archbishop Melton, his Neighbours, and his Kinsmen, 1317–1340

1951 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
L. H. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Edward Ii ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Edward Iii ◽  
The Needy

It was probably during the thirteen-eighties that the Dominican Thomas Stubbs wrote his short lives of the Archbishops of York. A Yorkshireman, from the forest of Knaresborough, Stubbs had been a close acquaintance of Bishop Bury and Bishop Hatfield of Durham, both of whom, in earlier years, were members of the York chapter. He is therefore likely to have been well informed about his subject. His life of William Melton, archbishop from 1317 to 1340—under whom Bury had been chancellor of York—though laconic, is no merely formal piece. Its phrases suggest a comprehensive knowledge. Stubbs apparently wished to leave a distinctive impression of Melton. He tells his reader that the archbishop was severe in correcting rebels; that he kept a great household, and clothed it in his livery twice a year; that he would often cancel the amercements imposed on his tenants by his bailiffs, and would remit to the needy the farms and debts they owed him. Above all, Stubbs goes on, he frequently assisted the two kings, Edward II and Edward III, and the noble men of the land in their business, both with loans and with gifts—‘tarn ex mutuo quam ex dono’. Finally, Melton was an ardent promoter of his servants and of all his kinsmen.

A Fourteenth-Century Scholastic Dispute on Astrological Interrogations

Vivarium ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-285
Author(s):  
C. Philipp E. Nothaft
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
The Future ◽  
University Of Paris ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The University

Abstract This article examines and edits an anonymous text from the late 1330s (Quesitum fuit utrum per interrogationes …), which was written to refute the arguments presented in a lost quaestio disputata by an unknown Parisian philosopher. At the heart of this scholastic dispute was the question whether the astrological branch known as interrogations was an effective and legitimate means of predicting the future. The philosopher’s negative answers to this question as well as the rebuttals preserved in our anonymous text offer valuable new insights into the debate over astrology that raged at the University of Paris during the fourteenth century. Besides arguing at length for the internal coherence and philosophical soundness of interrogations, the text contains a bold defence against the Augustinian view that astrologers consort with demons. This defence was later rebutted as part of an anti-astrological polemic by the astronomer Heinrich Selder, who is known to have studied in Paris during the 1370s.

“Murder, Robbery, Rape, Adultery, and Incest”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Faherty
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Haitian Revolution ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Future ◽  
Before And After ◽  
True Source ◽  
Cultural Mores ◽  
The Haitian Revolution ◽  
The Revolution

This essay considers how and why Federalist writers turned to the medium of fiction after the Revolution of 1800 in order to continue to express their concerns about the dangers of a Jeffersonian ascendency and the future of national development. By exploring the connections between rhetorical practices before and after Jefferson’s election, I argue that Federalist writers deployed the same tropes and metaphors to reflect on the loss of their authority despite the shift in genre from newspaper editorial to the novel form. Central to this practice was the use of reflections on the Haitian Revolution which served to represent the instabilities of plantation culture and its capacity to erode cultural mores. The essay focuses on Martha Meredith Read’s Margaretta (1807) as an emblematic example of the ways in which Federalist writers sought to deploy representations of planter decadence as a means of critiquing Jeffersonian power. Yet more than simply critiquing Jeffersonianism, Read also seeks to reframe the tenets of Federalism by advocating that properly ordered domestic spheres are the true source of cultural stability.

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