RIVERSIDE DRIVE STATE PARK

Despite major advances in our understanding of its neurobiology, sleep remains an enigma. Its true function and even the amount needed for optimum brain performance remain uncertain (Frank 2006). However, the need to sleep is imperative, reflecting the fact that sleepiness, like hunger and thirst, is a true drive state. Sleepiness can only be satiated by sleep itself. Moreover, severely disordered sleep can profoundly affect cognition, mental health, and physical well-being.Although sleep medicine has a traditionally low profile in neurology teaching and practice, sleep-related phenomena are frequently associated with numerous neurological disorders. Conversely, sleep problems can adversely affect familiar conditions such as headache and epilepsy. Furthermore, in large surveys, sleep-related symptoms are undoubtedly common with 25 per cent of the population reporting problems that significantly and regularly impact on daily activities.

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Tackling the urban housing problem in the Irish Free State, 1922–1940

Urban History ◽

10.1017/s0963926818000214 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 62-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

RUTH MCMANUS

Keyword(s):

Housing Stock ◽

Urban Housing ◽

Free State ◽

Housing Problem ◽

Social Segregation ◽

Quality Costs ◽

Drive State ◽

Contemporary Media ◽

Irish Free State

ABSTRACT:At its inception, the Irish Free State faced an apparently intractable housing problem that required immediate action. This article examines the legislation enacted in the 1920s and 1930s, focusing on its impact on local authority housing in Ireland's provincial towns. Whereas the 1932 Housing Act has generally been heralded as the start of a concerted attack on the slums, this assertion is re-evaluated in the context of the debates of the 1920s. Following an overview of the national situation, a case-study of Ballina, Co. Mayo, explores the impacts of the housing drive. State-aided housing schemes made a significant contribution to the housing stock between 1923 and 1940. Although characterized by contemporary media as a triumph, however, the housing drive raised many issues including build quality, costs, opposition and social segregation. The article considers some of these challenges and raises a number of questions for future consideration.

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Irrelevant Incentive Learning during Instrumental Conditioning: The Role of the Drive-Reinforcer and Response-Reinforcer Relationships

The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B ◽

10.1080/14640748308400909 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 35 (3b) ◽

pp. 249-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Anthony Dickinson ◽

D. J. Nicholas

Keyword(s):

Lever Press ◽

Instrumental Conditioning ◽

Convincing Evidence ◽

Incentive Learning ◽

Instrumental Performance ◽

Test Drive ◽

Sodium Appetite ◽

Drive State ◽

Sodium Solution

Four experiments investigated the processes by which a motivationally-induced change in the value of the training reinforcer affects instrumental performance. Initially, thirsty rats were trained to lever press for either a sodium or non-sodium solution. In Experiment I sodium-trained rats responded faster in extinction following the induction of a sodium appetite, but not following either food or water deprivation. Thus, enhanced extinction performance depends upon the relevance of the training reinforcer to the test drive state. The remaining experiments examined the role of the instrumental contingency. Animals received response-contingent presentations of one solution alternated either within (Experiments II and III) or between sessions (Experiment IV) with non-contingent presentations of another solution. Neither procedure yielded convincing evidence that contingent sodium presentations generated more responding in extinction under a sodium appetite than did non-contingent sodium presentations. On the basis of these results, we argue that the instrumental contingency itself does not play a major role in this irrelevant incentive effect.

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Evidence that pH can drive state transitions in isolated thylakoid membranes from spinach

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences ◽

10.1039/c0pp00055h ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 830 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Pooja Singh-Rawal ◽

Anjana Jajoo ◽

Sonal Mathur ◽

Pooja Mehta ◽

Sudhakar Bharti

Keyword(s):

Thylakoid Membranes ◽

State Transitions ◽

Drive State

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Generalizability of heart rate as a measure of drive state.

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology ◽

10.1037/h0040636 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 305-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

William W. Hahn ◽

John A. Stern ◽

Fred S. Fehr

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Drive State

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Using Research Evidence to Inform Public Policy Decisions

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities ◽

10.1352/1934-9556-51.5.412 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 51 (5) ◽

pp. 412-422 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Charles Moseley ◽

Harold Kleinert ◽

Kathleen Sheppard-Jones ◽

Stephen Hall

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Large Scale ◽

Research Evidence ◽

State Level ◽

Scientific Data ◽

Policy Decisions ◽

Data Set ◽

Large Scale Data ◽

Drive State ◽

Public Policy Decisions

Abstract The application of scientific data in the development and implementation of sound public policy is a well-established practice, but there appears to be less consensus on the nature of the strategies that can and should be used to incorporate research data into policy decisions. This paper describes the promise and the challenges of using research evidence to inform public policy. Most specifically, we demonstrate how the application of a large-scale data set, the National Core Indicators (NCI), can be systematically used to drive state-level policy decisions, and we describe a case example of one state's application of NCI data to make significant changes to its Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities waiver. The need for continued research in this area is highlighted.

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Teen Driving Risk: The Promise of Parental Influence and Public Policy

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/109019810202900108 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 73-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Kenneth H. Beck ◽

Jessica Hartos ◽

Bruce Simons-Morton

Keyword(s):

Parental Influence ◽

Family Policies ◽

Graduated Driver Licensing ◽

Driving Risk ◽

Drive State ◽

Adolescent Drivers ◽

State Restrictions ◽

Driver Licensing ◽

Family Centered ◽

Do So

An analysis is presented of adolescent driving risk, the advantages of graduated licensing programs, and the potential for parent-based programs to moderate teen driving risks. Risk factors associated with youthful driving illustrate the potential importance and benefits of limiting the amount and conditions under which teens can drive. State policies, such as graduated driver licensing systems that formalize restrictions on youthful driving, have been shown to be effective. However, teen driving risks remain elevated. Parents are in a prime position to extend the benefits of state restrictions by developing and implementing their own tailored family policies on adolescent driving. Unfortunately, parents of adolescent drivers are often under-aware of the need to do so and fail to impose effective driving restrictions. An ongoing parent-based intervention to increase parental restriction on teen driving is described, and issues involved in implementing and evaluating family-centered approaches to reduce teen driving risk are raised.

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US state election races to set 2019-21 policy stage

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db239530 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

State Governments ◽

Content Type ◽

White House ◽

Drive State ◽

Policy Measures ◽

Election Systems

Significance These state elections have great significance for policy measures in 2019-20, particularly as Washington is expected to be gridlocked through divided control of Congress and the White House until 2020. Impacts The Georgia governor’s election could result in lengthy court battles over voters’ ability to cast their ballots. Evidence of foreign hacking of election systems could trigger new rounds of sanctions on culprit countries. Hacking would drive state governments to invest more in cybersecurity, as California, Michigan and Maryland have done.

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