The Effects of Expected and Actual Accounting Choices on Judgments and Decisions

2009 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 1465-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shana M. Clor-Proell
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Accounting Choices

ABSTRACT: This research investigates how financial statement users' judgments and decisions are affected by the extent to which a firm's actual accounting choices match users' expectations. Based on prior communications research, I predict and find that users' credibility judgments are more extreme when a firm's actual accounting choices do not match expectations. Experiment 1 supports this prediction in a stock-based compensation context, and Experiment 2 supports it in an accounting estimate context. Further, evidence from Experiment 1 supports the prediction that credibility judgments mediate the effect of a mismatch on investment decisions. Finally, evidence from Experiment 2 partially supports the prediction that users who encounter a mismatch between actual and expected accounting choices are more likely to search for additional information than are users who encounter a match. The results have implications for accounting researchers, regulators, and managers interested in understanding how firms' accounting choices affect users' decisions.

An Analysis of the Demand for Reporting on Internal Control

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M. Hermanson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Internal Auditors ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this study is to analyze the demand for reporting on internal control. Nine financial statement user groups were identified and surveyed to determine whether they agree that: (1) management reports on internal control (MRIC) are useful, (2) MRICs influence decisions, and (3) financial reporting is improved by adding MRICs. In addition, the paper examined whether responses varied based on: (1) the definition of internal control used (manipulated as broad, operational definition vs. narrow, financial-reporting definition) and (2) user group. The results indicate that financial statement users agree that internal controls are important. Respondents agreed that voluntary MRICs improved controls and provided additional information for decision making. Respondents also agreed that mandatory MRICs improved controls, but did not agree about their value for decision making. Using a broad definition of controls, respondents strongly agreed that MRICs improved controls and provided a better indicator of a company's long-term viability. Executive respondents were less likely to agree about the value of MRICs than individual investors and internal auditors.

scholarly journals Financial Statement Comparability and New Debt Issues

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Aaron Crabtree ◽  
Bo Ouyang ◽  
Huishan Wan
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Bond Ratings ◽  
Bond Rating ◽  
Yield Spreads ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Bond Yield

Using a large sample of firms issuing new debts, this paper investigates how a firm’s financial statements comparability affects its cost of new debt issues.  We predict and find that higher comparability is associated with (1) higher bond ratings and (2) lower bond yield spreads when companies issue new debts.  Our results are consistent with the view that bond rating analysts and bond investor favor greater comparability when they evaluate new bonds and make investment decisions. 

Does Search-Facilitating Technology Improve the Transparency of Financial Reporting?

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank D. Hodge ◽  
Jane Jollineau Kennedy ◽  
Laureen A. Maines
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Simultaneous Presentation ◽  
Stock Option ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Business Reporting ◽  
Option Compensation ◽  
Stock Option Compensation

XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) is an emerging technology that facilitates directed searches and simultaneous presentation of related financial statement and footnote information. We investigate whether using an XBRL-enhanced search engine helps nonprofessional financial statement users acquire and integrate related financial information when making an investment decision. We conduct our investigation in the context of recognition versus disclosure of stock option compensation. Our results reveal that many users do not access the technology, but those who do use it are better able to acquire and integrate information. Specifically, we find that when stock option accounting varies between firms, the use of an XBRL-enhanced search engine increases the likelihood that individuals acquire information about stock option compensation disclosed in the footnotes. We also find that XBRL helps individuals integrate the implications of this information, resulting in different investment decisions between individuals who use and do not use the search engine. Our results suggest that search-facilitating technologies, such as XBRL, aid financial statement users by improving the transparency of firms' financial statement information and managers' choices for reporting that information. Our results also reveal that wide publicity about the benefits of using search-facilitating technology may be needed to induce financial statement users to access the technology.

scholarly journals PENGARUH INVESTASI DAN PENDANAAN TERHADAP BIAYA MODAL PERUSAHAAN DAN FINANCIAL DISTRESS PERUSAHAAN TAMBANG BATUBARA YANG GO PUBLIC DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
LCA Robin Jonathan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Insignificant Effect ◽  
Path Diagram ◽  
Capital Funding ◽  
The Cost

The purpose of this study to analize and determine the effect of investment and funding to the cost of company capital and financial distress. The development of mining and mining service comnaies that go public today reached 42 companies in Indonesia in the period 2013-2015, including examined 23 financial statement of coal mining companies at the same time.Using regression path analysis methode to test the magnitude of the effect indicated by the path coefficient on each path diagram of the causal relationship between investment decision and funding decision as exogenous variable to cost of campany capital and financial distress as endogenous variable.The results showed that investment decisions and funding decisions significantly affect the cost of company capital; Investment decisions have a significant and dominant effect on financial distress and have a negative and insignificant effect on financial distress through the cost of company capital; Funding decisions have a negative and insignificant effect on financial distress and have a significant effect on financial distress through the cost of company capital; The cost of company capital has a negative and insignificant effect on financial distress.

MODERN PROBLEMS OF ACCOUNTING ANALYSIS AND AUDIT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Soroka ◽  
O. A. Evdokimova
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Financial Statement Analysis ◽  
Important Stage ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Further Development

Financial statement analysis and audit is the important stage of the process of accounting. Users of financial statements take managerial and investment decisions that are based on the finding, thereby influencing ongoing work and further development. Accuracy of these decisions might be affected by the problems arising in the process of the analysis and audit. The article describes major problems encountered in the process of the analysis and audit as well as their solutions

KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI, KEPUTUSAN PENDANAAN, DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Astuti Yuli Setyani ◽  
Ambar Kusuma Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Financing Decisions ◽  
Decision Variables

The purpose of this study was toexamine the effect of investment decisions, financing decisions and dividend policy on firm value. The sample in this study is a manufacturing company established on criteria. Data were obtained from the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMB) and the manufacturing company's financial statement since the period 2008-2011. Based on purposive sampling method, samples obtained by 158 observations. Regression analysis done based on the results of the data analysis. The hypothesis in this study were tested using multiple regression analysis. This study concludes some of the following: (1) variable dividend policy was not shown to affect the value of the company, (2) variable funding decisions variable shown to affect tthe value of the company,(3) investment decision variables was not shown to affect tthe value of the company. Keywords: investment decisions, financingdecisions, dividend policy, the value ofthe company

scholarly journals Comments by the Auditing Standards Committee of the Auditing Section of the American Accounting Association on the PCAOB Rulemaking Docket Matter No. 34: PCAOB Release No. 2011-003, Concept Release on Possible Revisions to PCAOB Standards Related to Reports on Audited Financial Statements.

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. C1-C14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F Brazel ◽  
Paul Caster ◽  
Shawn Davis ◽  
Steven M Glover ◽  
Diane J Janvrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Audit Quality ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
The Public ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Public Company ◽  
Auditing Standards ◽  
Auditor Reporting

SUMMARY Recently, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB or Board) issued a concept release to solicit public comment on the potential direction of a proposed standard-setting project on the content and form of reports on audited financial statements. The objective of the concept release was to discuss several alternatives for changing the auditor's reporting model that could increase its transparency and relevance to financial statement users, while not compromising audit quality. To that end, the alternatives included (1) a supplement to the auditor's report, in which the auditor would be required to provide additional information about the audit and the company's financial statements (an “Auditor's Discussion and Analysis”), (2) required and expanded use of emphasis paragraphs in the auditor's report, (3) auditor reporting on information outside the financial statements, and (4) clarification of certain language in the auditor's report. The PCAOB provided for a 102-day exposure period (from June 21 to September 30, 2011) for interested parties to examine and provide comments on the conceptual approaches to rulemaking that might complement the application of Section 105(c)(6). The Auditing Standards Committee of the Auditing Section of the American Accounting Association provided the comments in the letter below to the PCAOB on the PCAOB Release No. 2011-003, Concept Release on Possible Revisions to PCAOB Standards Related to Reports on Audited Financial Statements. Data Availability: Information about and access to the release is available at: http://pcaobus.org/Rules/Rulemaking/Docket034/Concept_Release.pdf

scholarly journals LINKS BETWEEN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND MANAGEMENT COMMENTARY

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Garstka
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Management Report

The author's aim is to identify the links between two reporting systems: financial and nonfinancial.In this article, the connection between the financial statements and the management report will be shown. The work concerns the management report after the introduction of theobligation of non-financial reporting in the form of additional information in this report, or by means of a separate statement on non-financial information.The objective was achieved by means of literature studies in the field of accounting, as well as the analysis of legal acts, based on which the relations between the two reports should bedetermined. Deductive and inductive reasoning and the method of critical, comparative and descriptive analysis and synthesis were used to formulate conclusions. The existence of linksbetween the management report and the financial statement has been demonstrated. These links may pose a risk of repetition and non-compliance. It is desirable that these links should be madeclear to people responsible for drawing up both reports. Particular attention should be paid to the presentation of this information and steps should be taken in the accounting internal controlprocedures and internal audit, perhaps to confirm that the relevant information has been reconciled and to avoid unnecessary repetition.The results of the research show that there are so many connections, including non-financial information, that it is worthwhile to provide them and their verification as a conscious andorganized activity. This will build the image of the company in the eyes of the report readers.

scholarly journals EARNINGS QUALITY: PRAKTIK DAN TELAAH KASUS GARUDA INDONESIA

Profit ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Rachma Bhakti Utami ◽  
Dinar Ary Kartikasari
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Earning Quality ◽  
Future Growth

Earnings are the critical indicators of a company's financial performance. Investors' investment decisions can be taken, predicting the company's future growth, and even earnings can determine the unsteady in an institution's stock price. Earning quality in a company's financial reporting is a must because quality earnings are real earnings without earnings management. In 2019, the financial statements of Garuda Indonesia (GI) were quite crowded and caused polemics. The airline with the GIAA issuer code managed to record a net profit of US $809 thousand in 2018, inversely proportional to the financial statements of 2017, which lost US$ 216.58 million. This performance is quite surprising because, in the third quarter of 2018, the company still lost US$ 114.08 million. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) also investigated this case until finally, in mid-June 2019, OJK imposed sanctions on the Office of Public Accountants that audited financial statements and imposed fines on Directors of Garuda Indonesia. This case is reminiscent of the importance of applying earnings quality to reporting a company's financial statement.

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