Virulence of Soybean Aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Clones on Detached Leaves and Whole Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Lagos-Kutz ◽  
Michelle L. Pawlowski ◽  
Brian W. Diers ◽  
Swapna R. Purandare ◽  
Kelley J. Tilmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Whole Plants

Variation in Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Biotypes Within Fields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Bhusal ◽  
R L Koch ◽  
A J Lorenz
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
Aphid Resistance ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Single Field ◽  
Aphis Glycines Matsumura ◽  
Multiple Resistance Genes

Abstract Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae)) has been a major pest of soybean in North America since its detection in this continent in 2000 and subsequent spread. Although several aphid resistance genes have been identified, at least four soybean aphid biotypes have been discovered, with three of them being virulent on soybean cultivars with certain soybean aphid resistance genes. These biotypes are known to vary across years and locations, but information on their variation within single fields is limited. An investigation was conducted to study the variation of soybean aphid biotypes within single townships and fields in Minnesota. Screening of 28 soybean aphid isolates collected from seven soybean fields (six soybean fields in Cairo and Wellington Townships of Renville County, MN and one field in Wilmar Township of Kandiyohi County, MN) revealed the existence of multiple known biotypes of soybean aphid within single fields of soybean. We found up to three biotypes of soybean aphid in a single field. Two biotypes were found in five fields while only one field had only a single biotype. Three isolates presented reactions on a panel of resistant and susceptible indicator lines that were different from known biotypes. These results highlight the importance of characterizing soybean aphid biotypes in small geographical areas and utilizing generated knowledge to develop soybean cultivars pyramided with multiple resistance genes. The outcome will be decreased use of insecticides, thereby improving economic and environmental sustainability of soybean production.

Identification and expression profiles analysis of odorant‐binding proteins in soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wang ◽  
Ying‐Dong Bi ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Miao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
Odorant Binding Proteins ◽  
Odorant Binding

scholarly journals Flight Performance of the Soybean Aphid,Aphis glycines(Hemiptera: Aphididae) Under Different Temperature and Humidity Regimens

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Limin Wang ◽  
Kongming Wu ◽  
Kris A. G. Wyckhuys ◽  
George E. Heimpel
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
Flight Performance ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

Mechanisms of pathogenesis in Sclerotium bataticola on sunflowers. 1. Production and translocation of a necrosis-inducing toxin

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1147-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ho Chan ◽  
W. E. Sackston
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Root System ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Early Symptom ◽  
Vascular Tissues ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Necrotic Spots ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Necrotic Spotting

Necrotic spotting of leaves is an early symptom of attack by Sclerotium bataticola on sunflowers. Spots appear after invasion of vascular tissues by the pathogen, which does not spread appreciably from the point of inoculation.Inoculation of one stem of plants split apically to give twin stems on one root system resulted in necrotic spotting of leaves first on the inoculated, and later on the uninoculated stem. Introducing cell-free filtrates of cultures of S. bataticola into sunflower plants or detached leaves resulted in production of the same type of necrotic spots. Introduction of eosin dye, which is translocated in the vascular system, into whole plants and detached leaves produced patterns of coloration similar to the patterns of necrotic spotting. The necrosis may be attributed to a translocatable toxin produced by the fungus.It is indicated that the toxin is neither an enzyme nor a protein. It has not been eluted after adsorption by activated carbon.

scholarly journals Abscisic and Jasmonic Acids Contribute to Soybean Tolerance to the Soybean Aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin M. Chapman ◽  
Lia Marchi-Werle ◽  
Thomas E. Hunt ◽  
Tiffany M. Heng-Moss ◽  
Joe Louis
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
Aphis Glycines Matsumura

scholarly journals Effects of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on the development and reproduction of the soybean aphid Aphis glycines

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0250311
Author(s):  
Aonan Zhang ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Zhenghao Shi ◽  
Tianying Liu ◽  
Lanlan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean

The soybean aphid Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a primary pest of soybeans and poses a serious threat to soybean production. Our studies were conducted to understand the effects of different concentrations of insecticides (imidacloprid and thiamethoxam) on A. glycines and provided critical information for its effective management. Here, we found that the mean generation time and adult and total pre-nymphiposition periods of the LC50 imidacloprid- and thiamethoxam-treatment groups were significantly longer than those of the control group, although the adult pre-nymphiposition period in LC30 imidacloprid and thiamethoxam treatment groups was significantly shorter than that of the control group. Additionally, the mean fecundity per female adult, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase of the LC30 imidacloprid-treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group and higher than those of the LC50 imidacloprid-treatment group (P < 0.05). Moreover, both insecticides exerted stress effects on A. glycines, and specimens treated with the two insecticides at the LC50 showed a significant decrease in their growth rates relative to those treated with the insecticides at LC30. These results provide a reference for exploring the effects of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on A. glycines population dynamics in the field and offer insight to agricultural producers on the potential of low-lethal concentrations of insecticides to stimulate insect reproduction during insecticide application.

scholarly journals Improved Genome Assembly and Annotation of the Soybean Aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Genome Assembly ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Conserved Genes ◽  
Long Read

Aphids are an economically important insect group due to their role as plant disease vectors. Despite this economic impact, genomic resources have only been generated for a small number of aphid species. The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) was the third aphid species to have its genome sequenced and the first to use long-read sequence data. However, version 1 of the soybean aphid genome assembly has low contiguity (contig N50 = 57 Kb, scaffold N50 = 174 Kb), poor representation of conserved genes and the presence of genomic scaffolds likely derived from parasitoid wasp contamination. Here, I use recently developed methods to reassemble the soybean aphid genome. The version 2 genome assembly is highly contiguous, containing half of the genome in only 40 scaffolds (contig N50 = 2.00 Mb, scaffold N50 = 2.51 Mb) and contains 11% more conserved single-copy arthropod genes than version 1. To demonstrate the utility of this improved assembly, I identify a region of conserved synteny between aphids and Drosophila containing members of the Osiris gene family that was split over multiple scaffolds in the original assembly. The improved genome assembly and annotation of A. glycines demonstrates the benefit of applying new methods to old data sets and will provide a useful resource for future comparative genome analysis of aphids.

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