scholarly journals A prospective controlled evaluation of Class II division 1 malocclusions treated with fixed lingual mandibular growth modificator

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama H. Alali
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Controlled Evaluation ◽  
Treatment Observation ◽  
Observation Period

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the net dentofacial effects of the fixed lingual mandibular growth modificator (FLMGM). Materials and Methods: The study sample comprised 38 patients with Class II/1 malocclusion and retrognathic mandible. All were in the pubertal growth spurt. Whereas FLMGM was applied to the treatment group (n  =  21, mean age  =  13.2 years), no treatment was performed on the control group (n  =  17, mean age  =  12.5 years). Skeletal and dentoalveolar changes were assessed on digital lateral cephalograms obtained at the beginning and end of the treatment/observation period of 8 months. Paired and independent t-tests were used to assess the differences within and between groups. Results: Maxillary growth was not affected by FLMGM treatment, which resulted in a significant overjet reduction of 4.1 mm, an increase in total mandibular length (Co-Gn) of 2.3 mm, chin advancement of 1.6°, and upper incisor retroclination of 4.0°. A reduction of 2.4° in ANB was largely due to an increase of 1.8° in SNB. Favorably, the lower incisors were obviously retroclined by 4.5°. The changes in the vertical skeletal relationships were negligible. Conclusion: FLMGM was effective in treating growing Class II/1 patients and produced favorable dentofacial effects, with the matched untreated sample showing minimal changes. Lower incisor retroclination was a benefit of FLMGM treatment.

scholarly journals Dentoskeletal effects of Twin Block appliance in patients with Class II malocclusion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahamad Irfanulla Khan ◽  
Praveen Kumar Neela ◽  
Nayeem Unnisa ◽  
Ajit Kumar Jaiswal ◽  
Nadeem Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

Background and aim. Class II malocclusions are most commonly seen in orthodontic practice and in the recent times Twin Block appliance has been the most popular and widely used among removable functional appliances for the correction of Class II malocclusion in growing patients. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the dentoskeletal effects produced by the Twin Block appliance for the correction of Class II division 1 malocclusion with retrognathic mandible. Methods. Pre-treatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) lateral cephalograms of 30 patients treated with Twin Block appliance (mean age  =  10.8 ± 1.2 years) for the correction of class II division 1 malocclusion were compared with the 30 untreated class II control patients (mean age 11.2 ± 0.8 years) who did not undergo any treatment during this period. Both the groups were evaluated for the dentoskeletal changes using 24 angular and linear cephalometric measurements. The differences between the pre and post-treatment were calculated using a paired t-test. Results. The cephalometric analysis revealed that the Twin Block appliance stimulated mandibular growth and statistically significant differences were found between the two groups. Twin Block patients showed a statistically very high significant (p<0.001) increase in mandibular length (6.02 mm) compared with the control group (0.3 mm). ‘Headgear effect’ on the maxilla, increase in lower anterior facial height, significant reduction of overjet, overbite and Class I molar relationship was achieved in the Twin Block group. However, no significant changes appeared in the control group. Conclusion: The results of the present study conclude that the Twin Block appliance is effective in the treatment of Class II malocclusion and this is due to a combination of skeletal and dentoalveolar changes in both the arches.

scholarly journals Alveolar and symphysis regions of patients with skeletal class II division 1 anomalies with different vertical growth patterns

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elcin Esenlik ◽  
Fidan Alakus Sabuncuoglu
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the alveolar and symphysis region properties in hyper-, hypo-, and normodivergent Class II division 1 anomaliesMethods: Pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 111 young adult female patients with skeletal Class II division 1 anomalies were compared to those of 54 Class I normal subjects (control group). Class II cases were divided into hyperdivergent (n = 58), hypodivergent (n = 19), and normodivergent groups (n = 34). The heights and widths of the symphysis and alveolus and the depth of maxillary palate were measured on the lateral cephalogramsResults: Mean symphysis width was wider in the hypodivergent Class II group than in the other groups, while mean symphysis height was similar among all groups. Maxillary palatal depth, upper incisor angle, upper and lower molar alveolar heights, and Id–Id′ width were also similar among groupsConclusion: Symphysis width is the main factor in the differential diagnosis of Class II division 1 anomaly rather than symphysis height and hypodivergent Class II Division 1 anomaly is more suitable for mandibular incisors movements. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:123-132)

scholarly journals Two Different Applications of Class II Elastics with Nonextraction Segmental Techniques

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslihan Uzel ◽  
Ilter Uzel ◽  
M. Serdar Toroglu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Class Ii Elastics

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the relative effects of Class II elastics applied directly with utility arches (UAs) or with the Reciprocal Mini–Chin Cup (RMCC) appliance. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion were included. Fifteen of them were treated with the RMCC appliance and the other 15 treated with Class II elastics on UAs. Lateral cephalograms of an additional 15 untreated persons having the same characteristics as the treatment groups were used as a control group. Results: The mean control period was 10 months. Class I molar and canine relationships were achieved in a mean treatment time of 4.6 months with the RMCC appliance and in 8.5 months with the elastics on UAs. The amount of overjet reduction was 4.7 mm in the RMCC group (87.87% dental) and 5.2 mm in the UA group (80.76% dental). The molar correction was 4.5 mm in the RMCC group (87.36% dental) and 2.0 mm in the UA group (51.47% dental). The anterior lower facial height increased in both of the treatment groups. Conclusions: The RMCC appliance is a valuable alternative for Class II elastic use in Class II cases in which the upper molars need to be moved to the distal more than the upper incisors.

scholarly journals Immediate Skeletal and Dentoalveolar Effects of the Crown- or Banded Type Herbst Appliance on Class II division 1 Malocclusion

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Barnett ◽  
Duncan W. Higgins ◽  
Paul W. Major ◽  
Carlos Flores-Mir
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Growth Changes ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the relative skeletal and dental changes produced by the crown- or banded-type Herbst appliance in growing Class II division 1 malocclusion cases. Materials and Methods: Several electronic databases were searched with the help of a health sciences librarian, without language limitation. Abstracts that appeared to fulfill the initial selection criteria (Herbst use and clinical trial) were selected by consensus, and their original articles were then retrieved. Clinical trials were selected that used lateral cephalograms to assess immediate skeletal and dental changes from the use of either crown or banded Herbst appliances. Clinical trials that employed other simultaneous potentially growth-modifying appliances or surgery were excluded. A comparable untreated Class II division 1 malocclusion control group was required to factor out normal growth changes. References from the selected articles were also hand searched. Results: Only three articles meet the selection criteria. Proclination and anterior movement of the lower incisors, overjet reduction, and improvement of first molar relationship thorough mesial movement of the first molars, reduction of ANB angle, and an increase in the mandibular plane angle were reported. There were mixed findings as to mandibular sagittal length and position and increases in lower face height, both anteriorly and posteriorly. No statistically significant changes were noted in the sagittal length or position of the skeletal maxilla. Conclusions: Dental changes have more impact than skeletal changes in the correction of Class II division 1 malocclusions with the crown or banded Herbst appliance.

scholarly journals Prospective study of dentoskeletal changes in Class II division malocclusion treatment with twin force bite corrector

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Guimarães ◽  
José Fernando Castanha Henriques ◽  
Guilherme Janson ◽  
Marcio Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Janine Araki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the dentoskeletal changes of Class II malocclusion treatment with the Twin Force Bite Corrector (TFBC). Materials and Methods: The sample comprised 86 lateral cephalograms obtained from 43 subjects with Class II division 1 malocclusion; the subjects were divided into two groups. The experimental group comprised 23 patients with a mean initial age of 12.11 years who were treated with the TFBC for a mean period of 2.19 years. The control group included 40 lateral cephalograms from 20 Class II nontreated patients, with an initial mean age of 12.55 years and a mean observation period of 2.19 years. The lateral cephalograms were evaluated before and after orthodontic treatment in group 1 and in the beginning and end of the observation period in group 2. t-Tests were used to compare the initial and final cephalometric characteristics of the groups as well as the amount of change. Results: The experimental group presented greater maxillary growth restriction and mandibular retrusion than the control group, as well as greater maxillomandibular relationship improvement and greater labial tipping of the mandibular incisors. The results also showed a greater decrease in overbite and overjet in the experimental group, and there were no statistically significant differences in the craniofacial growth pattern between groups. Conclusions: The TFBC promotes restriction of anterior maxillary displacement without significant changes in mandibular length and position and improvement of maxillomandibular relationship without changes in facial growth and significant buccal tipping of mandibular incisors. Class II correction with the TFBC occurred primarily as a result of dentoalveolar changes.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Cephalometric Evaluation of Dental Changes with Activator and Activator Headgear Combination in the Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Anil Kumar ◽  
Amit Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Functional Appliances

ABSTRACT Aim The aims of this study were to evaluate the dental changes brought about by activator and activator headgear combination (ACHG) and to determine whether we can achieve control over the lower incisor proclination which is a side effect of using functional appliances; or not, while treating cases of skeletal class II malocclusions. Methods Lateral cephalograms of 45 skeletal class II division 1 patients were selected for the study. Fifteen of them were successfully treated with an Andresen activator and the other 15 with an activator headgear combination. Fifteen class II subjects who had declined treatment served as the control group. Cephalometric landmarks were marked by one author to avoid interobserver variability. Results The results revealed that both the activator and the activator headgear combination significantly (p < 0.001) affected dental variables measured. The mandibular incisor proclination was effectively controlled in the activator headgear combination group. Conclusion An activator headgear combination would offer itself as a better option compared with activator alone in the treatment of skeletal class II malocclusions especially in cases with proclined mandibular incisors. Clinical significance When one of the treatment goals is to achieve a greater control over mandibular incisor proclination in the treatment of Skeletal Class II malocclusions, employing a combination of activator and headgear may substantially improve clinical outcomes. How to cite this article Lall R, Kumar GA, Maheshwari A Kumar M. A Retrospective Cephalometric Evaluation of Dental Changes with Activator and Activator Headgear Combination in the Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(1):14-18.

scholarly journals A Tailored Approach for Growth Modification: An Innovative Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-342
Author(s):  
Ranjit Kamble ◽  
Narendra S Sharma ◽  
Sunita Shrivastav ◽  
Preethi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Growth Modification ◽  
Tailored Approach

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the treatment effects of the clear block appliance during comprehensive correction of class II malocclusion in growing patients. Introduction Sagittal discrepancy commonly exists in skeletal class II malocclusions. The popular of the class II malocclusions is division 1 type among them. The presence of original skeletal jaw abnormality is the origin of the class II malocclusions. The treatment result of such skeletal malocclusion depends on the age, latent growth, and cooperation of the individual. The class II division 1 malocclusion in a growing individual can be successfully treated with different types of myofunctional appliance. The present article illustrates a new approach (clear block appliance) to correct sagittal discrepancy to make optimal use of the patient's pubertal growth spurt to achieve best possible results. Based on the results in these patients, the clear block appliance was very effective in correcting class II malocclusions. Although the results are positive, they should be tested on a large sample size. Clinical significance Clear block appliance proved to be the best alternative to other myofunctional appliances, where side effects in the form of anchorage loss or proclination of lower incisor do not occur with similar results. How to cite this article Sharma N, Shrivastav S, Kamble R, Sharma P. A Tailored Approach for Growth Modification: An Innovative Approach. World J Dent 2017;8(4):334-342.

scholarly journals Influence of orthopedic treatment on hard and soft facial structures of individuals presenting with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion: a comparative study

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Ávila Maltagliati ◽  
José Fernando Castanha Henriques ◽  
Guilherme Janson ◽  
Renato Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Marcos Roberto de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Orthopedic Treatment ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Cephalometric Changes ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

The purpose of this investigation was to comparatively evaluate the cephalometric changes in soft and hard tissues related to treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion with activator-headgear and Bionator appliances. Twenty-four individuals formed the activator-headgear group and twenty-five comprised the Bionator group, while other twenty-four presenting the same malocclusion did not receive any intervention and served as controls. Lateral headfilms were taken at the beginning and at the end of the observation period and were digitized with computerized cephalometrics; cephalometric analysis was performed and the results were submitted to statistical test. According to the methodology employed, our findings suggested that both appliances do not significantly alter the growth path, and also they were not able to modify the posterior inferior height and the sagittal and vertical position of the upper lip. The lower lip and the soft menton were only slightly modified by the orthopedic appliances, but the mentolabial sulcus showed a significant decrease in deepness compared to the control group. Of statistical significance, only the anterior inferior hard and soft facial heights and the lower lip height increased more in the treated groups.

scholarly journals Determination of the structural characteristics in youngsters from Ceará with Class II, division 1 malocclusion

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Keila Maria de Sousa Castelo ◽  
Fausto Silva Bramante
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gender Dimorphism ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

OBJECTIVE: To determine the structural characteristics of Caucasian youths from Ceará State, Northeastern Brazil, presenting with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion and to investigate whether there is gender dimorphism based on the cephalometric variables assessed. METHODS: By means of lateral cephalograms, it was possible to determine the cephalometric characteristics of Class II, Division 1 malocclusion in a sample of 50 Caucasian youths from Ceará State, Brazil, of both genders (25 male and 25 female), aged between 9 and 14 years, who had not received previous orthodontic treatment. Sixteen cephalometric measures were evaluated and a comparison was made between the experimental group (Class II) and the control group (Class I), a sample comprising 50 Caucasian children from the Brazilian State of Ceará, of both genders (22 male and 28 female), aged 9 to 13 years, obtained from research conducted at the Study Center of the Federal University of Ceará (UCCB), Department of Orthodontics. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the maxilla exhibited adequate positioning. The mandible showed a clear predominance of retrusion and dimensional changes in the sagittal direction. The facial vertical dimensions were increased. The maxillary incisors were well-positioned in their apical bases and with slight lingual inclination. The mandibular incisors were labially inclined and protruded. The study identified the presence of gender dimorphism in the following measures: P-Nperp, Co-A, Wits and ALFH.

scholarly journals Treatment changes of hypo- and hyperdivergent Class II Herbst patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Rogers ◽  
Phillip M. Campbell ◽  
Larry Tadlock ◽  
Emet Schneiderman ◽  
Peter H. Buschang
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Treated Sample ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine the relative effects of Herbst appliance therapy in hypo- and hyperdivergent patients. Materials and Methods: The treated group included 45 growing Class II, division 1, patients treated with stainless steel crown Herbst appliances, followed by fixed edgewise appliances. The untreated control group consisted of 45 Class II, division 1, subjects, matched to the treated sample based on Angle classification, age, sex, and pretreatment mandibular plane angle (MPA). Subjects were categorized as hypo- or hyperdivergent based on their MPAs. Pre- and posttreatment cephalograms were traced and superimposed on cranial base and mandibular structures. Results: The primary effect of the Herbst in terms of maxillomandibular correction was in the maxilla. It significantly restricted maxillary growth, producing a “headgear effect.” Mandibular treatment changes depended on divergence. Hyperdivergent patients experienced a deleterious backward true mandibular rotation with Herbst treatment. Hypodivergent patients, as well as untreated hypo- and hyperdivergent controls, underwent forward true mandibular rotation. However, hypodivergent chins did not advance any more than expected for untreated hypodivergent Class II patients. Conclusions: Hypo- and hyperdivergent patients benefit from the Herbst's headgear effect. While the mandibular growth of hypodivergent patients overcomes the negative rotational effects, hyperdivergent patients undergo a deleterious backward mandibular rotation and increases in facial height.

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