Acid Resistance of Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser–Treated and Phosphoric Acid–Etched Enamels

Abstract Objective: To compare the effects of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser ablation and of phosphoric acid etching on the in vitro acid resistance of bovine enamel. Materials and Methods: Teeth were polished to make the surface flat. The polished enamel was either etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 30 seconds or ablated with a single 33 J/cm2 pulse from an Er:YAG laser. The control specimens were free from acid etching and laser ablation. Changes in crystal structure, dissolved mineral (calcium [Ca] and phosphorus [P]) contents, and calcium distribution in the enamel subsurface after a pH-cycling process were evaluated. Results: After laser treatment, poor crystal structures improved without forming any new phases, such as tricalcium phosphates. Among the tested enamels, dissolved mineral contents were significantly different (P < .05). Er:YAG laser–treated enamels had the lowest mineral dissolution (Ca, 13.78 ppm; P, 6.33 ppm), whereas phosphoric acid–etched enamels had the highest (Ca, 15.90 ppm; P, 7.33 ppm). The reduction rate and reduced depth of calcium content along the subsurface were lowest in Er:YAG laser–treated enamels. Conclusion: The Er:YAG laser–treated enamels are more acid resistant to acid attack than phosphoric acid–etched enamels.

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The effect of Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet laser irradiation on push-out bond strength of endodontic sealers with root canal dentin: An in vitro evaluation of push-out bond strength and failure modes

10.25259/jrde_9_2020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 2-8

Author(s):

J. Sandeep Reddy ◽

K. B. Jayalakshmi ◽

I. Sujatha ◽

Prasannalatha Nadig ◽

Nilima Salim Isani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Laser Irradiation ◽

Root Canal ◽

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Group I ◽

Erbium Doped ◽

Yttrium Aluminum ◽

Ah Plus ◽

Push Out

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the push-out bond strength of bioceramic sealer and resin-based sealer on Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) treated root canals. Material and Methods: Sixty single-rooted teeth were collected, decoronated apical to the cementoenamel junction, maintaining the minimum root length of 14 mm. Samples were instrumented with WaveOne Gold primary file and divided into two experimental groups (n = 30), based on laser irradiation: Group I: No laser and Group II: Er:YAG laser irradiated. Groups I and II were again divided into two subgroups “a” (AH Plus) and “b” (mineral trioxide aggregate [MTA] Fillapex) with 15 samples in each group. As per the grouping, sealers were coated onto the canal walls and obturated. After 24 h of storage in 100% humidity at 37°C, all the samples were sectioned transversely and push-out test was performed using universal testing machine. Stereomicroscope was used to determine the mode of failure. A one-way analysis of variance was employed to compare the mean POBS. Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk parametric tests were done to check the normality. The Games-Howell multiple post hoc test was used for pairwise comparison of the groups at a 95% confidence level. Results: Both AH Plus and MTA Fillapex exhibited higher bond strength in the laser-treated canals. AH plus exhibited superior bond strength compared to MTA Fillapex in both laser and non-laser-treated groups (P < 0.05). AH Plus groups have predominantly presented cohesive failure whereas MTA Fillapex presented mixed failures. Conclusion: Irradiation with Er:YAG laser in the root canal before obturation improves the bond strength significantly. The adhesive properties of MTA Fillapex are comparable to that of AH Plus.

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Using erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser irradiation in different energy output levels versus ultrasonic in removal of root canal filling materials in endodontic retreatment

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/ejd.ejd_111_17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (03) ◽

pp. 281-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mehmet Omer Gorduysus ◽

Hanin Al-Rubai ◽

Basheer Salman ◽

Deena Al Saady ◽

Hiba Al-Dagistani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Root Canal ◽

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Erbium Doped ◽

Yttrium Aluminum ◽

Endodontic Retreatment

ABSTRACT Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation in different energy outputs versus ultrasonic in gutta-percha removal during the endodontic retreatment. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 extracted human lower premolars were divided into three groups (n = 7). Following the standardized preparation of the root canals with Wave One Rotary system and obturation with gutta-percha: Group I was treated with ultrasonic, Group II by Er:YAG laser with 40 mJ/Pulse, and Group III by Er:YAG laser with 50 mJ/Pulse for the removal of gutta-percha from the canals. Two extra teeth were treated by Er:YAG laser with 135 mJ/Pulse as control group. For all groups, time for gutta-percha removal was recorded. Samples were then splited into two halves and tested by scanning electron microscope and stereomicroscopic evaluation under different magnification power to observe the efficacy of each method used in the removal of gutta-percha. Results: Statistical analysis of Kruskal–Wallis suggested that there are significant difference between the groups in relation to removal time (P < 0.05) and 2 × 2 Mann–Whitney U-test among the groups revealed that there is no significant difference between 40 and 50 mJ laser outputs (P > 0.05), but ultrasonic versus 40 and/or 50 mJ laser outputs were significantly different (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Er:YAG laser beam was not so efficient when compared to ultrasonic to reach the deeper parts of the canals as it was asserted, thermal side effects and burning damages were observed on the root canal dentinal walls. Moreover, the delivery system was not flexible enough to compensate the curvature of the canal system even though we used more straight canals as the sample ones as well as more time-consuming than the ultrasonic and more clinical time, rendering it to be less efficient in the removal of the obturation material during endodontic retreatment procedures.

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The efficacy of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser in the treatment of decreased sexual sensation: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Lasers in Medical Science ◽

10.1007/s10103-021-03305-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Angkana Sathaworawong ◽

Woraphong Manuskiatti ◽

Chayawat Phatihattakorn ◽

Chanida Ungaksornpairote ◽

Janice Natasha Ng

Keyword(s):

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Erbium Doped ◽

Yttrium Aluminum

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A comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser with other in house refurbishing methods for reconditioning stainless steel and ceramic brackets. An environmental scanning electron microscope and shear bond strength analysis: An in-vitro study

APOS Trends in Orthodontics ◽

10.4103/2321-1407.163422 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 202-207

Author(s):

Nimay Devjee ◽

Sonali V. Deshmukh ◽

Sandeep Jethe ◽

Charudatta R. Naik

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Environmental Scanning ◽

Erbium Doped ◽

Yttrium Aluminum ◽

Ceramic Brackets ◽

Scanning Electron

Introduction Brackets can be recycled by sending them to a commercial recycling company but it is time consuming and the bracket cannot be bonded in the same appointment. Hence in-house methods for recycling of brackets would be beneficial to both the orthodontist and the patient. Aim In our study, we compared the shear bond strength of brackets after being recycled with erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (ER:YAG) laser, sandblasting and the thermal method. Materials and Methods The study was carried out on 126 extracted premolars. The bonding procedure was performed with mandibular premolar metal and premolar ceramic brackets. Eighty-four teeth were subdivided into three groups for each method of recycling. These groups were further subdivided into two groups of 14 teeth each for the types of brackets used. Prior to the initial bonding the bracket was also viewed under an environmental scanning electron microscope to examine the meshwork of the brackets and once again after the respective recycling methods had been performed. Results We found that for stainless steel brackets, the sandblasting method was superior to the ER:YAG laser, as the recycled brackets showed a higher shear bond strength. For ceramic brackets the ER:YAG laser recycled group had the highest recycled shear bond strength therefore was the best method of recycling ceramic brackets.

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Shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming versus photon-induced photoacoustic streaming modes for clearing root canal bacteria using erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet lasers: An in vitro study

10.21203/rs.2.14714/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-Na Wang ◽

Jing Shi

Keyword(s):

Shock Wave ◽

Root Canal ◽

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Strong Shock ◽

Bacterial Clearance ◽

Laser Mode ◽

Root Canals ◽

Erbium Doped ◽

Yttrium Aluminum

Abstract Background: The root canal cleaning efficacy of the photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) mode in erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) lasers is controversial. Shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS), a novel mode in Er:YAG lasers, creates a strong shock wave in a narrow container. We accordingly hypothesized that it may effectively eliminate bacteria from narrow root canals. The present study aimed to compare the bacterial clearance efficacy between the SWEEPS and PIPS modes for Er:YAG lasers designed for root canal treatment.Methods: The distal and palatal roots of 130 freshly extracted human molars were used. The smear layer was first removed by conventional root canal preparation. All samples were then sterilized in an autoclave. The samples were subsequently exposed to Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 4 weeks to establish E. faecalis infection models. The models were divided into three groups according to the irrigation method (n = 40 per group): 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) activated using the SWEEPS Er:YAG laser mode, 3% NaOCl activated using the PIPS Er:YAG laser mode, and 3% NaOCl without activation.Results: The bacterial clearance efficacy, based on the colony-forming unit count, was significantly higher in the SWEEPS group than in the PIPS and NaOCl groups. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy after irrigation revealed that the SWEEPS group had the least number of bacteria.Conclusions: The SWEEPS mode is more effective than the PIPS mode for eradicating E. faecalis from root canals.

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Shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming versus photon-induced photoacoustic streaming modes for clearing root canal bacteria using erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet lasers: An in vitro study

10.21203/rs.2.14714/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-Na Wang ◽

Jing Shi

Keyword(s):

Shock Wave ◽

Root Canal ◽

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Strong Shock ◽

Bacterial Clearance ◽

Laser Mode ◽

Root Canals ◽

Erbium Doped ◽

Yttrium Aluminum

Abstract Background : The root canal cleaning efficiency of the photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) mode in erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) lasers is controversial. Shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS), a novel mode in Er:YAG lasers, creates a strong shock wave in a narrow container. We accordingly hypothesized that it may effectively eliminate bacteria from narrow root canals. The present study aimed to compare the bacterial clearance efficiency between the SWEEPS and PIPS modes for Er:YAG lasers designed for root canal treatment. Methods: The distal and palatal roots of 130 freshly extracted human molars were used. The smear layer was first removed by conventional root canal preparation. All samples were then sterilized in an autoclave. The samples were subsequently exposed to Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 4 weeks to establish E. faecalis infection models. The models were divided into three groups according to the irrigation method (n = 40 per group): 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) activated using the SWEEPS Er:YAG laser mode, 3% NaOCl activated using the PIPS Er:YAG laser mode, and 3% NaOCl without activation. Results: The bacterial clearance efficiency, based on the colony-forming unit count, was significantly higher in the SWEEPS group than in the PIPS and NaOCl groups. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy after irrigation revealed that the SWEEPS group had the least number of bacteria. Conclusions: The SWEEPS mode may be more effective than the PIPS mode for eradicating E. faecalis from root canals.

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Comparison of Fractional Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet and Carbon Dioxide Lasers in Resurfacing of Atrophic Acne Scars in Asians

Dermatologic Surgery ◽

10.1111/dsu.12030 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 39 (1pt1) ◽

pp. 111-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Woraphong Manuskiatti ◽

Thanawan Iamphonrat ◽

Rungsima Wanitphakdeedecha ◽

Sasima Eimpunth

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽

Carbon Dioxide Lasers ◽

Acne Scars ◽

Erbium Doped ◽

Yttrium Aluminum

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Surgical excision of a large gingival pyogenic granuloma using diode laser: A case report

Journal of Surgery and Trauma ◽

10.32592/jsurgery.2020.8.4.107 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 164-167

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Case Report ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Pyogenic Granuloma ◽

Oral Lesions ◽

Radiographic Findings ◽

Erbium Doped ◽

Yttrium Aluminum

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a common tumor-like growth observed in response to local irritation, trauma, or hormonal disturbances. It is among the frequently encountered oral lesions occurring at the gingiva. Surgical excision and removal of the underlying cause is the preferred method of treatment. Scalpel, cryosurgery, and laser are used in order to remove this lesion. Currently, different lasers are used for the surgery of PG, which include Carbon dioxide; Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet; Diode; Erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet; and Erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium and garnet. This case report aims to briefly review clinical and radiographic findings of PG along with a detailed discussion on its management through a 980-nm diode laser.

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