Promoting Lifestyle and Behavior Change in Overweight Children and Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract Objectives The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and other comorbidities in overweight and obese children in Malatya, Turkey. Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study. We studied 860 obese and overweight children and adolescents (obese children Body mass index (BMI) >95th percentile, overweight children BMI >85th percentile) aged between 6 and 18 years. The diagnosis of MetS, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and T2DM were defined according to modified the World Health Organization criteria adapted for children. Other comorbidities were studied. Results Subjects (n=860) consisted of 113 overweight and 747 obese children of whom 434 (50.5%) were girls. MetS was significantly more prevalent in obese than overweight children (43.8 vs. 2.7%, p<0.001), and in pubertal than prepubertal children (41.1 vs. 31.7%, p<0.001). Mean homeostasis model assessment for insulin ratio (HOMA-IR) was 3.6 ± 2.0 in the prepubertal and 4.9 ± 2.4 in pubertal children (p<0.001). All cases underwent oral glucose tolerance test and IGT, IFG, and T2DM were diagnosed in 124 (14.4%), 19 (2.2%), and 32 (3.7%) cases, respectively. Insulin resistance (IR) was present in 606 cases (70.5%). Conclusions Puberty and obesity are important risk factors for MetS, T2DM, and IR. The prevalence of MetS, T2DM, and other morbidities was high in the study cohort. Obese children and adolescents should be carefully screened for T2DM, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinism, dyslipidemia, hypertension, IGT, and IFG. The prevention, early recognition, and treatment of obesity are essential to avoid associated morbidities.

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1915-P: Targeting Remission of Type 2 Diabetes Using a Digital Education and Behavior Change Program Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Liver Fat Content in Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db19-1915-p ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1915-P

Author(s):

DOMINIK PESTA ◽

OANA P. ZAHARIA ◽

YULIYA KUPRIYANOVA ◽

JONG-HEE HWANG ◽

DANIEL F. MARKGRAF ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Fat Content ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Liver Fat Content ◽

Digital Education ◽

And Behavior ◽

Behavior Change Program

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Nutrition therapy for overweight children and adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes

Current Diabetes Reports ◽

10.1007/s11892-005-0098-9 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 385-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Emily S. Loghmani

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Nutrition Therapy ◽

Overweight Children

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A Systematic and Integrated Review of Mobile-Based Technology to Promote Active Lifestyles in People With Type 2 Diabetes

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology ◽

10.1177/1932296816656018 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 299-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Kathryn Anne McMillan ◽

Alison Kirk ◽

Allan Hewitt ◽

Sandra MacRury

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Personal Digital Assistant ◽

Active Lifestyle ◽

Continuous Glucose Monitor ◽

Active Lifestyles ◽

And Behavior

Aim: The aim was to review studies examining the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of mobile-based technology for promoting active lifestyles in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Background: Benefits of leading an active lifestyle following a diagnosis of T2D, including improved glycemic control, have been reported. Studies examining the specific use of mobile-based technologies to promote an active lifestyle in T2D have not previously been reviewed. Methods: Research studies examining effectiveness, feasibility or acceptability of mobile-based technology for active lifestyle promotion for T2D management were included (n = 9). The databases searched included PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, and ACM Digital Library (January 2005 to October 2015). Studies were categorized as (1) informing, (2) monitoring, (3) provoking, or (4) sustaining behavior change. Results: Technologies used included smartphone or tablet apps, diabetes personal digital assistant, continuous glucose monitor and accelerometer, pedometer, and a website delivered by a smartphone. No articles examined the effectiveness of mobile-based technology in monitoring health behaviors and behavior change. Four of the studies found mobile-based technology to be motivational and supportive for behavior change. The visual reinforcement was identified as motivational. The feasibility and acceptability of using mobile-based technology to provide sustained lifestyle change and the effectiveness of mobile-based technology in monitoring health behaviors and behavior change have not been investigated. No studies examined all 3 of the outcomes or focused decreasing the participants’ sedentary behavior. Conclusions: Limited research has examined the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of mobile-based technology to promote active lifestyles and subsequently good diabetes management in people with T2D.

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Liraglutide in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes

Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology ◽

10.1530/ey.17.12.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tamborlane WV ◽

Barrientos-Perez M ◽

et al. Fainberg U,

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Children And Adolescents

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Changes in the incidence and prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among 2 million children and adolescents in hungary between 2001 and 2016 - a nationwide population-based study

Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology ◽

10.1530/ey.17.12.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Barkai L ◽

Kiss Z ◽

et al. Rokszin G,

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study

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Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents

10.3109/9780203633120 ◽

2003 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Martin Silink ◽

Kaichi Kida ◽

Arlan L. Rosenbloom

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Children And Adolescents

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Free Sugars Consumption in Canada

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051471 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1471

Author(s):

Huma Rana ◽

Marie-Claude Mallet ◽

Alejandro Gonzalez ◽

Marie-France Verreault ◽

Sylvie St-Pierre

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Total Energy ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Free Sugars ◽

Added Sugars ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Baked Products

Free sugars (FS) are associated with a higher risk of dental decay in children and an increased risk of weight gain, overweight and obesity and type 2 diabetes. For this reason, Canada’s Food Guide recommends limiting foods and beverages that contribute to excess free sugars consumption. Estimating FS intakes is needed to inform policies and interventions aimed at reducing Canadians’ consumption of FS. The objective of this study was to estimate FS intake of Canadians using a new method that estimated the free sugars content of foods in the Canadian Nutrient File, the database used in national nutrition surveys. We define FS as sugars present in food products in which the structure has been broken down. We found that 12% of total energy (about 56 g) comes from FS in the diet of Canadians 1 year of age and older (≥1 year). The top four sources were: (1) sugars, syrups, preserves, confectionary, desserts; (2) soft drinks; (3) baked products and (4) juice (without added sugars), and accounted for 60% of total free sugars intake. The results show that efforts need to be sustained to help Canadians, particularly children and adolescents, to reduce their FS intake.

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