Increased Durability of Resin-Dentin Bonds Following Cross-Linking Treatment

SUMMARY Objectives: This study evaluated the long-term effect of carbodiimide treatments of acid-etched dentin on resin-dentin bond strength of a simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive system. Methods: Forty-eight sound third molars were divided into three groups (n=16) according to the dentin treatment: G1: deionized water; G2: 0.5 mol/L 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) applied for 30 seconds; and G3: 0.5 mol/L EDC applied for 60 seconds. Flat dentin surfaces were produced, etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds, and then treated with deionized water for 60 seconds or with 0.5 mol/L EDC for 30 or 60 seconds prior to the application of Single Bond 2. Crowns were restored with resin composite, and beam specimens were prepared for microtensile testing. The beams from each group were tested 24 hours or 6 or 12 months after the adhesive procedures. One slab from each tooth was prepared and analyzed for nanoleakage. Bond strength (MPa) data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test (α=0.05). Results: The treatment of dentin with 0.5 mol/L EDC for 30 seconds (24.1±6.2 MPa) and 60 seconds (25.5±5.1 MPa) did not negatively affect the immediate bond strength of Single Bond 2 when compared to the control group (24.6±7.3 MPa). Additionally, EDC prevented resin-dentin bond degradation after 12 months in artificial saliva for both periods of treatment. An increased accumulation of silver ions was seen for the control group over time, while a much lower amount of silver grains was observed for the EDC-treated groups. Conclusions: 0.5 mol/L EDC was able to prevent resin-dentin bond degradation after 12 months, especially when applied for 60 seconds.

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Effect of pretreatment with different MMP inhibitors on shear bond strength of composite to primary teeth dentin after six months of aging

10.1101/866129 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Zahra Parsaie ◽

Najmeh Mohammadi ◽

Maryam Firouzmandi

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Primary Teeth ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Single Bond ◽

Mmp Inhibitors ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractBackgroundloss of hybrid layer integrity compromises the resin-dentin bond stability. Subsequent release and activation of matrix metalloproteinase enzymes during dental restorative procedures or caries development are contributing factors to dentin-adhesive bond failure.AimTo investigate the effect of pre-treatment with different MMP inhibitors on the shear bond strength (SBS) of an etch-and-rinse adhesive (Adper Single Bond 2) to primary teeth dentin after six months of aging.MethodsSixty extracted anterior primary teeth, due to orthodontic reasons, were selected. A dentin block (6.0 mm × 6.0 mm × 2.0 mm) was obtained from each tooth. All the dentin blocks (n = 60) were pretreated for 60 s with either 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.2) in the control group, 2%: Chlorhexidine (CHX) solution, 2% Doxycycline (DO)solution and EDTA 17% after etching and before applying etch-and-rinse adhesive system (Adper Single Bond 2). Then composite was applied in clear teflon cylinders. The specimens were stored in artificial saliva for 6 months at 37°C and then the SBS values were determined with a universal testing machine. Representative samples were selected for visualization of the failure mode under stereomicroscope and SEM.ResultsNo statistically significant difference observed between the SBS of the EDTA group, DO group and the control group (P value>0.05). CHX showed significantly higher SBS values compared to the other groups of the study after six months(P value=0.011).ConclusionChlorhexidine significantly preserved the SBS of composite resin to deciduous dentin using etch and rinse adhesive Adper Single Bond 2 after 6 months of aging in artificial saliva.

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Effect of Baicalein on Matrix Metalloproteinases and Durability of Resin-Dentin Bonding

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/17-097-l ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 426-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J Li ◽

B Chen ◽

N Hong ◽

S Wu ◽

Y Li

Keyword(s):

Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽

Bonding Strength ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Dentin Bonding ◽

Microtensile Testing ◽

Etch And Rinse

SUMMARY Objective: In an attempt to increase resin-dentin bonding quality, this study used baicalein as a preconditioner in an etch-and-rinse adhesive to evaluate its effect on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and adhesive durability. Methods: As a MMP inhibitor and potential collagen cross-linking agent, baicalein was used as a preconditioner in an etch-and-rinse adhesive system. The degree of conversion was evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. EnzChek gelatinase/collagenase assay kits were then used to detect the MMP inhibitory effect of different concentrations of baicalein (0.1, 0.5, 2.5, and 5.0 μg/mL) on dentin powders. During in vitro bonding procedures, flat dentin surfaces on sound third molars were preconditioned with 2.5 μg/mL baicalein after being acid-etched; this step was followed by continuation of adhesive processes and build-up of resin composite. After resin-dentin stick preparation, bonding strength, failure mode, and interface nanoleakage were respectively evaluated via microtensile testing, stereomicroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy either immediately or after storage in artificial saliva for three or six months. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test (α=0.05). Results: Baicalein at a concentration of 0-5.0 μg/mL did not influence the conversion of adhesives. However, it inhibited the activities of dentin-bond gelatinase and collagenase, especially at a concentration of 2.5 μg/mL, while effectively increasing microtensile bonding strength and decreasing nanoleakage in vitro, both immediately and after aging. Conclusions: Baicalein used as preconditioner in an etch-and-rinse adhesive system has an anti-MMP function and effectively improves resin-dentin bonding durability in vitro, which has potential value in clinical bonding procedures.

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Effects of Contamination by Hemostatic Agents and Use of Cleaning Agent on Etch-and-Rinse Dentin Bond Strength

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201600685 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 688-692 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

César Rogério Pucci ◽

Rodrigo Maximo de Araújo ◽

Ana Julia Farias de Lacerda ◽

Mirella Anjos de Souza ◽

Maria Filomena Rocha Lima Huhtala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Control Group ◽

Hemostatic Agents ◽

Diamond Bur ◽

Mechanical Cycling ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Push Out ◽

Cleaning Protocol

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of contamination by hemostatic agents and rinsing with chlorhexidine on bond strength between dentin and resin composite. Ninety-six bovine teeth were sectioned to expose a flat dentin surface area. A standardized cavity with 2.0 mm in thickness, superficial diameter of 4.0 mm and bottom diameter of 3.0 mm was prepared with a diamond bur in each dentin specimen. The teeth were divided into four groups according to the hemostatic employed: G1: control; G2: use of ViscoStat, Ultradent; G3: Hemosthasegel, FGM; and G4: Hemostop, Dentsply. The groups were divided into two subgroups according to the cleaning protocol method (n=12): A: without any further cleaning; and B: cleaning with chlorhexidine at 0.2%. All cavities were filled using a dentin adhesive and a resin composite, following the manufacturer's instructions. After 24 h, the specimens were aged by thermal and mechanical cycling. The bond strength was determined by the push out bond test (MPa), Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were detected among all groups treated with hemostatic agents and the control group. The post-hoc test showed that cleaning the cavity with chlorhexidine significantly improves the bond strength between dentin and resin composite. Our results suggested that the use of chlorhexidine can reestablish the bond strength between dentin and resin composite when a hemostatic agent was applied.

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Role of enamel deminerlization and remineralization on microtensile bond strength of resin composite

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/1305-7456.184167 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (03) ◽

pp. 376-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Abbas Rizvi ◽

Muhammad S. Zafar ◽

Yasser Al-Wasifi ◽

Wamiq Fareed ◽

Zohaib Khurshid

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Tooth Enamel ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Polarized Light ◽

Study Groups ◽

Control Group ◽

Microtensile Bond Strength ◽

Time Intervals

ABSTRACT Objective: This study is aimed to establish the microtensile bond strength of enamel following exposure to an aerated drink at various time intervals with/without application of remineralization agent. In addition, degree of remineralization and demineralization of tooth enamel has been assessed using polarized light microscopy. Materials and Methods: Seventy extracted human incisors split into two halves were immersed in aerated beverage (cola drink) for 5 min and stored in saliva until the time of microtensile bond testing. Prepared specimens were divided randomly into two study groups; remineralizing group (n = 70): specimens were treated for remineralization using casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) remineralization agent (Recaldent™; GC Europe) and control group (n = 70): no remineralization treatment; specimens were kept in artificial saliva. All specimens were tested for microtensile bond strength at regular intervals (1 h, 1 days, 2 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks) using a universal testing machine. The results statistically analyzed (P = 0.05) using two-way ANOVA test. Results: Results showed statistically significant increase in bond strength in CPP-ACP tested group (P < 0.05) at all-time intervals. The bond strength of remineralizing group samples at 2 days (~13.64 megapascals [MPa]) is comparable to that of control group after 1 week (~12.44 MPa). Conclusions: CPP-ACP treatment of teeth exposed to an aerated drink provided significant increase in bond strength at a shorter interval compared to teeth exposed to saliva alone.

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The Effect of Biodentine Maturation Time on Resin Bond Strength When Aged in Artificial Saliva

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2020/8831813 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Ruba M. Mustafa ◽

Suhad J. Al-Nasrawi ◽

Abtesam I. Aljdaimi

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Failure Patterns ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Composite Restoration

Biodentine is a calcium silicate cement (CSC) that has been broadly applied in vital pulp therapy. The quality of the Biodentine-composite bond has a significant effect on the longevity of the definitive restoration. The aim of this study is to investigate the shear bond strength (SBS) between Biodentine and composite restoration at different maturation times of Biodentine aged in artificial saliva. Fifteen Biodentine discs were allocated into three groups (n = 5) based on the timeframe of performance of composite restoration: immediate (after 12 min), after 14 days, and after 28 days of Biodentine maturation. Total etch and rinse adhesive system and bulk-fill regular resin composite were used. The shear bond strength and the failure pattern were assessed. One-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni post hoc test was applied for statistical analysis at p < 0.05 . The highest (32.47 ± 8.18 MPa) and the lowest (4.08 ± 0.81 MPa) SBS values were recorded for 14 days and 12 min groups, respectively. Significant statistical differences were reported among the groups, and a high statistically significant difference was found between the immediate group and the other groups. Adhesive failure patterns were evident in all groups. More clinically acceptable bond strength between the Biodentine and overlaid composite restoration is at 14 days after Biodentine maturation. Delaying the coverage of Biodentine later than 14 days may significantly reduce the SBS. Using the artificial saliva as an aging medium may affect the SBS between Biodentine and composite material.

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Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Microtensile Bond Strength to Dentin

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/11-344-l ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 610-616 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

RL Quock ◽

JA Barros ◽

SW Yang ◽

SA Patel

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Bonding Agent ◽

Microtensile Bond Strength ◽

Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽

Microtensile Testing ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Diamond Saw ◽

Self Etch

SUMMARY The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of the cariostatic and preventive agent silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on the microtensile bond strength of resin composite to dentin. Forty-two caries-free, extracted molars were flattened occlusally and apically using a diamond saw, and the exposed occlusal dentin was polished with a series of silicon carbide papers, all under water irrigation. The teeth were then randomly divided into six groups of seven teeth each that were treated as follows: 1) Peak SE self-etch bonding agent; 2) 12% SDF + Peak SE; 3) 38% SDF + Peak SE; 4) Peak LC etch-and-rinse bonding agent; 5) 12% SDF + Peak LC; and 6) 38% SDF + Peak LC. Four-millimeter buildups of Amelogen Plus were incrementally placed on all teeth; after a 24-hour storage period in distilled water, the specimens were sectioned perpendicular to the adhesive interface to produce beams of cross-sectional surface area measuring approximately 1 mm2. The beams were placed on a microtensile testing machine, which utilized a single-speed pump motor and force gauge at 20 kgf × 0.01 second to record maximum tensile force before failure occurred. Two-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests were performed to compare the effects of the SDF on microtensile bond strength, with statistical significance set at α = 0.05. None of the experimental groups treated with different concentrations of SDF showed a significant difference in bond strength compared to the control groups, and there was no significant difference in bond strength between self-etch and etch-and-rinse groups. However, the effect of SDF on self-etch bonded teeth compared to etch-and-rinse bonded teeth was statistically significant (p=0.0363), specifically at the 12% concentration. SDF does not adversely affect the bond strength of resin composite to noncarious dentin.

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In Vitro Evaluation of Benzalkonium Chloride in the Preservation of Adhesive Interfaces

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/13-131-lr ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 283-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

C Sabatini ◽

JH Kim ◽

P Ortiz Alias

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Mass Loss ◽

Benzalkonium Chloride ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Significance Level ◽

Bond Stability ◽

Etch And Rinse

SUMMARY Inhibition of endogenous dentin matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by benzalkonium chloride (BAC) decreases collagen solubilization and may help improve resin-dentin bond stability. Objective: This study evaluated the resin-dentin bond stability of experimental adhesive blends containing BAC and the stability of dentin matrices by assessing the mass loss and collagen solubilization from dentin beams pretreated with BAC. Materials and Methods Twenty-five healthy molars were used for the bond strength evaluation of a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (Adper Single Bond Plus, SB) modified with BAC or not. The following groups were tested: 1) SB with no inhibitor (control); 2) topical 2.0% chlorhexidine + SB; 3) 1.0% BAC etchant + SB; 4) 0.5% BAC-SB; and 5) 1.0% BAC-SB. Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and failure mode distribution under standard error of the mean were evaluated after 24 hours and six months of storage in artificial saliva (AS). A two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test with a significance level of p<0.05 was used for data analysis. In addition, 30 completely demineralized dentin beams from human molars were either dipped in deionized water (DW, control) or dipped in 0.5% and 1.0% BAC for 60 seconds, and then incubated in AS. Collagen solubilization was assessed by evaluating the dry mass loss and quantifying the amount of hydroxyproline (HYP) released from hydrolyzed specimens after four weeks of incubation. Results The control group demonstrated lower μTBS than some of the experimental groups containing BAC at 24 hours and six months (p<0.05). When BAC was incorporated into the adhesive blend in concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0%, no reduction in dentin bond strength was observed after six months (p<0.05). Less mass loss and HYP release was seen for dentin matrices pretreated with BAC relative to the control pretreated with DW (p<0.05). Conclusion This in vitro study demonstrates that BAC contributes to the preservation of resin-dentin bonds by reducing collagen degradation.

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Bond Durability of Self-etch Adhesive to Ethanol-Based Chlorhexidine Pretreated Dentin after Storage in Artificial Saliva and under Intrapulpal Pressure Simulation

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/12-251-l ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 439-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

AA Ali ◽

HA El Deeb ◽

O Badran ◽

EH Mobarak

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Failure Modes ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Single Step ◽

Control Group ◽

Bond Stability ◽

Self Etch

SUMMARY Objective To evaluate the bond strength durability of a single-step self-etch adhesive to dentin pretreated with either ethanol-based chlorhexidine (ECHX) or water-based chlorhexidine (WCHX) after storage in artificial saliva and under intrapulpal pressure simulation (IPPS). Methods The occlusal enamel of 30 freshly extracted premolars was trimmed to expose midcoronal dentin. Roots were sectioned to expose the pulp chamber. Specimens were distributed over three groups (n=10) according to the dentin pretreatment used. In the first group, Adper Easy One (3M ESPE) was applied to the dentin surfaces according to the manufacturer's instructions (control group). In the second group, dentin was pretreated before bonding with 1 mL of 2% CHX diacetate dissolved in 100% ethanol (ECHX). The third group received the same pretreatment; however, CHX was dissolved in distilled water (WCHX). Pretreatment and bonding were carried out while the specimens were subjected to IPPS. Resin composite (Valux Plus, 3MESPE) buildups were made. After curing, specimens were stored in artificial saliva and under IPPS at 37°C in a specially constructed incubator (n=5/group) either for 24 hours or six months prior to testing. Thereafter, bonded specimens were sectioned into sticks with a cross section of 0.9 ± 0.01 mm2 and subjected to microtensile bond strength (μTBS) testing (n=25/subgroup) using a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures, one-way ANOVA , and Bonferroni post hoc tests (p≤0.05). Failure modes were determined using a scanning electron microscope. Results After 24 hours of storage, control and WCHX groups revealed significantly higher μTBS than the ECHX group. After six-month storage in artificial saliva and IPPS, only the WCHX group maintained its μTBS value. The predominant mode of failure was the mixed type, except for the ECHX group, which was mostly adhesive. Conclusion Pretreatment of the dentin with ECHX had a negative effect on bonding of the tested single-step self-etch adhesive; however, WCHX showed bond stability under IPPS.

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Effect of Different Adhesion Protocols on the Shear Bond Strength of Universal Adhesive Systems to Sound and Artificial Caries-Affected Dentin

European Journal of General Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1732776 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Omnia M. Sami ◽

Essam A. Naguib ◽

Rasha H. Afifi ◽

Shaymaa M. Nagi

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Failure Modes ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Self Etch

Abstract Objective Bonding to different dentin substrates influences resin composite restoration outcomes. This study investigated the influence of different adhesion protocols on the shear bond strength of universal adhesive systems to sound and artificial caries-affected dentin (CAD). Materials and Methods Occlusal enamel of 80 premolars were wet grinded to obtain flat midcoronal dentin. Specimens were equally divided according to the substrate condition: sound and CAD by subjecting to pH-cycling for 14 days. Each dentin substrate was bonded with the adhesive systems used in this study: Single Bond universal adhesive or Prime&Bond universal (applied either in etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesion protocol). Adhesive systems were utilized according to manufacturers’ instructions, then resin composite was built up. Specimens were tested for shear bond strength. The data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance, and failure modes were determined using stereomicroscope. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two tested adhesive systems on artificially created CAD with different adhesion protocols. On sound dentin, Single Bond universal, either in the etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesion protocols, revealed higher statistically significant shear bond strength mean values compared with CAD. Conclusion Single Bond universal adhesive in an etch-and-rinse adhesion protocol improved only bonding to sound dentin, while no added positive effect for the etching step with Prime&Bond universal adhesive was found when bonded to both sound and CAD substrates. The influence of CAD on the performance of the universal adhesives was material-dependent.

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Bond strength repair of a bulk-fill composite using different adhesive systems and resin composites

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i5.14951 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. e31410514951

Author(s):

Mariana Sati Cantalejo Tsutsumi ◽

Terezinha Fatima de Souza ◽

Victor Eduardo de Souza Batista ◽

Larissa Sgarbosa de Araújo Matuda ◽

Paulo Henrique dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Surface Roughening ◽

Control Group ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Repair Procedure ◽

Ultimate Bond Strength

In this study evaluated the effect of different adhesive systems and resin composites on the microtensile bond strength of repairs using a bulk-fill composite. Ninety specimens were prepared using a half-hourglass mold of composite Filtek Bulk Fill using a silicone matrix. Specimens were randomly distributed in 9 experimental groups (n=10) according to adhesive [Universal Single Bond (SBU), Scotchbond Multipurpose Adhesive (SBMP), and Single Bond 2 (SB2)] and resin composite (Filtek Bulk Fill, Aura Bulk Fill, and Filtek Z250). For control group, hourglass specimens were used to measure the ultimate bond strength. Specimens were submitted to thermal cycling (5,000 cycles, 5 and 55°C, 30s) to simulate the aging of restoration and then the repair procedure was performed. After the diamond-tipped surface roughening to be repaired, the adhesive protocol was performed according to group, the specimen was placed in an hourglass-shaped mold and the other half was filled with the repair composite. After 24h, bond strength of specimens was obtained by microtensile using a universal testing machine at a speed of 0.5mm/min. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA, Tukey’s and Dunnett’s tests (α=0.05). SBU showed higher bond strength compared to SB2, while SBMP showed intermediate values. However, all experimental groups showed lower bond strength compared to ultimate bond strength. In conclusion, bulk-fill composite repair using universal or conventional solvent-free adhesive improved the adhesion independent of composite tested.

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