scholarly journals The Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration on the Bond Strength and Morphology of the Surface and Interface of Glass Ceramics to a Resin Cement

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Sundfeld Neto ◽  
LZ Naves ◽  
AR Costa ◽  
AB Correr ◽  
S Consani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Interface Morphology ◽  
Ceramic Block ◽  
Surface And Interface ◽  
Ceramic Blocks ◽  
Post Hoc

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of various concentrations of hydrofluoric acid (HF) on the surface/interface morphology and μ–shear bond strength (μSBS) between IPS Empress Esthetic (EST) (Ivoclar Vivadent) and IPS e.max Press (EMX) (Ivoclar Vivadent) ceramics and resin cement. Ceramic blocks were divided into 12 groups for each kind of ceramic. Six different HF concentrations were evaluated: 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 15%. All groups were silanated after etching, and half of the specimens within each group received a thin layer of unfilled resin (UR). Three resin cement cylinders were prepared on each ceramic block for μSBS testing. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. The μSBS test was carried out in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. The data were submitted to three-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (p<0.05). The etched surfaces and bonded interfaces were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. μSBS means (MPa) for 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 15% HF concentrations were, respectively, 25.2, 27.2, 30.1, 31.4, 33.3, and 31.8. μSBS means with or without UR application measured 32.24 and 27.4, respectively; EST and EMX measured 29.8 and 29.9, respectively. For the HF concentrations, 10% and 15% showed higher μSBS means than did 1% and 2.5% (p<0.05); 7.5% was higher than 1% (p<0.05); and no statistical differences were found among the other concentrations (p>0.05). When evaluating UR, μSBS mean was significantly higher and better infiltration was observed on the etched surfaces. No statistical difference was found between the ceramics. The HF concentration and UR influenced the bond strength and surface/interface morphology.

Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration and Etching Time on Bond Strength to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 606-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Puppin-Rontani ◽  
D Sundfeld ◽  
AR Costa ◽  
AB Correr ◽  
RM Puppin-Rontani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Failure Data ◽  
Ceramic Blocks

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of hydrofluoric acid (HF) associated with varied etching times on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of a resin cement to a lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Two hundred seventy-five ceramic blocks (IPS e.max Press [EMX], Ivoclar Vivadent), measuring 8 mm × 3 mm thickness, were randomly distributed into five groups according to the HF concentrations (n=50): 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Further random distribution into subgroups was performed according to the following etching times (n=10): 20, 40, 60, 120, and 20 + 20 seconds. After etching, all blocks were treated with a silane coupling agent followed by a thin layer of an unfilled resin. Three resin cement cylinders (∅︀=1 mm) were made on each EMX surface, which was then stored in deionized water at 37°C for 24 hours before testing. The μSBS was in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. Data were submitted to two-way analysis of variance, and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (α=0.05). One representative EMX sample was etched according to the description of each subgroup and evaluated using scanning electron microscopy for surface characterization. The HF concentrations of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% provided significantly higher μSBS values than 1% and 2.5% (p<0.05), regardless of the etching times. For 1% and 2.5% HF, the etching times from 40 to 120 seconds increased the μSBS values compared with 20 seconds (p<0.05), but etching periods did not differ within the 5%, 7.5%, and 10% HF groups (p>0.05). The effect of re-etching was more evident for 1% and 2.5% HF (p<0.05). Different HF concentrations/etching times directly influenced the bond strength and surface morphology of EMX.

scholarly journals Effect of Nd:YAG Laser with/without Graphite Coating on Bonding of Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramic to Human Dentin

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Amjad Abu Hasna ◽  
Stephanie Semmelmann ◽  
Fernanda Alves Feitosa ◽  
Danilo De Souza Andrade ◽  
Franklin R Tay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Human Dentin

This study evaluated the effect of different surface treatments on the tensile bond strength between lithium disilicate glass-ceramics, resin cement, and dentin. Fifty truncated cone-shape glass-ceramics were divided into five groups (n = 10): G1, control: 10% hydrofluoric acid (HF); G2, Nd:YAG laser + silane; G3, Sil + Nd:YAG laser; G4, graphite + Nd:YAG laser + Sil; and G5, graphite + Sil + Nd:YAG laser. Fifty human third-molars were cut to cylindrical shape and polished to standardize the bonding surfaces. The glass-ceramic specimens were bonded to dentin with a dual-cured resin cement and stored in distilled water for 24 h at 37ºC. Tensile testing was performed on a universal testing machine (10 Kgf load cell at 1 mm/min) until failure. The bond strength values (mean ± SD) in MPa were G1 (9.4 ± 2.3), G2 (9.7 ± 2.0), G3 (6.7 ± 1.9), G4 (4.6 ± 1.1), and G5 (1.2 ± 0.3). Nd:YAG laser and HF improve the bond strength between lithium disilicate glass-ceramics, resin cement, and dentin. The application of a graphite layer prior to Nd:YAG laser irradiation negatively affects this bonding and presented inferior results.

scholarly journals The Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration and Heat on the Bonding to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sundfeld ◽  
Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho ◽  
Núbia Inocêncya Pavesi Pini ◽  
Ana Rosa Costa ◽  
Renato Herman Sundfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Glassy Matrix ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Matrix Removal ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration and previous heat treatment (PHT) on the surface morphology and micro-shear bond strength (mSBS) of a lithium disilicate glass ceramic (EMX) to resin cement. One hundred four EMX specimens were randomly assigned to two groups (n=52) according to the HF concentration: 5% and 10%. A new random distribution was made according to the PHTs (n=13): control (no PHT); previously heated HF (70 °C); previously heated EMX surface (85 °C); the combination of heated HF + heated EMX surface. The etching time was set at 20 s. All EMX blocks were silanated and received a thin layer of an unfilled resin. Five resin cement cylinders were made on each EMX surface using Tygon tubes as matrices, and then stored for 24 h at 37 °C. One random etched EMX sample from each group was analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (a=0.05). For the control groups, 5% HF showed statistically lower mSBS values when compared to 10% HF (p<0.05). PHT increased the mSBS values for 5% HF, yielding statistically similar results to non-PHT 10% HF (p<0.05). FE-SEM images showed increased glassy matrix removal when PHT was applied to HF 5%, but not to the same degree as for 10% HF. PHT has the potential to improve the bond strength of 5% HF concentration on lithium disilicate glass ceramic.

Bond Strength Stability of Self-adhesive Resin Cement to Etched Vitrified Yttria-stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal Ceramic After Thermomechanical Cycling

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 545-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
EV Maroun ◽  
JGA Guimarães ◽  
WG de Miranda ◽  
LRC Netto ◽  
AB Elias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Adhesive Resin ◽  
Thermomechanical Cycling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ceramic Blocks ◽  
Adhesive Resin Cement ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of thermomechanical cycling on the bond strength stability of self-adhesive resin cement to vitrified yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramic. Y-TZP ceramic blocks were divided into four groups according to the surface treatments: AS, as sintered; SB, sandblasted with 50-μm Al2O3 particles; LG, vitrification with a low-fusing glaze and etching with 10% hydrofluoric acid; and HC, vitrification with a ceramic liner and etching with 10% hydrofluoric acid. Lithium disilicate ceramic blocks etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 seconds (EM) were also tested. Blocks of resin composite were cemented on the ceramic block surfaces using a self-adhesive resin cement. Half of the blocks from each group were cut into beams and submitted to microtensile bond strength (μTBS) testing after immersion in water at 37°C for 24 hours and the other half after mechanical (1,200,000 cycles, 98 N, 2.5 Hz) and thermal (10,000 cycles, 5-55°C, 30-second dwell time) cycling (TMC). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's honest significant difference post hoc test, and Student t-test (α=0.05). After 24 hours, EM and LG presented similar and the highest μTBS, whereas AS showed the lowest μTBS (p&lt;0.05). After TMC, EM presented the highest μTBS, followed by LG (p&lt;0.05). Only EM and LG maintained the stability of μTBS after TMC (p&gt;0.05). The bonding to Y-TZP ceramic vitrified with a low-fusing glaze withstood thermomechanical cycling.

scholarly journals Does the Moment of Fiber Post Cutting Influence on the Retention to Root Dentin?

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela G. Borges ◽  
André L. Faria-e-Silva ◽  
Paulo C. F. Santos-Filho ◽  
Fernanda P. Silva ◽  
Luís R. M. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Fiber Post ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Fiber Posts ◽  
Glass Fiber Posts ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Post Hoc

Despite several advantages associated with pre-fabricated glass-fiber posts, the coronal portion of these posts must be cut to allow their use in various clinical situations. However, cutting the cemented post can generate stress on the bonding interface and affect the bond strength. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect the of fiber post cutting on the bond strength of root canals. Sixty bovine incisor roots were included in resin cylinders with simulated periodontal ligaments. Glass-fiber posts were luted using regular resin cement RelyX ARC (3M ESPE) or self-adhesive cement RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE). The posts were cut prior to cementation, immediately after luting or after building up the core (n=10). After storage for 24 h, the samples were cut and subject to push-out testing using a mechanical testing machine (EMIC DL 2000). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (resin cement x moment of post cutting) and Tukey's post hoc test (α=0.05). The moment of fiber post cutting did not affect the bond strength when Unicem was used. However, the bond strength was reduced when ARC was used and when the post was cut immediately. In conclusion, the moment of fiber post cutting may affect the retention of root canal posts when a regular resin cement is used.

scholarly journals Influence of drying time of adhesive systems on the bond strength between resin cement and feldspathic ceramic

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Sabrina Alves Feitosa ◽  
Isabela Gomes Moura ◽  
Pedro Henrique Corazza ◽  
Cesar Dalmolin Bergolli ◽  
Clóvis Pagani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Ceramic Block ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Ceramic Blocks

<p><strong>O</strong><span lang="en-US"><strong>bjective: </strong></span><span lang="en-US">This study evaluated the effect of drying times of two total-etch &amp; rinse adhesives on the resin bond strength to a feldsphatic ceramic, before and after aging. </span><span lang="en-US"><strong>Material and Methods: </strong></span><span lang="en-US">Feldsphatic-ceramic CAD-CAM bars were cut into blocks (12×10×4 mm) with a cutting machine (N = 32). </span><span lang="en-US">Impressions were made of each ceramic block with silicone putty material and the negative space was filled with a composite resin.</span><span lang="en-US"> The bonding ceramic surface was etched with hydrofluoric acid, silanized, and the adhesive system (SB- Single Bond 2, 3M-ESPE; or PB- Prime &amp; Bond NT, Dentsply) was applied. The samples were dried at different times (5, 10 and 15 s) before the cementation. The resin and ceramic blocks were cemented by a dual cure resin cement. All samples were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h. For the μ-TBS test, the samples were sliced into microbars. Half of the bars of each block was tested after 24 h and, the other bars </span><span lang="en-US">were submitted to thermocycling (12,000×) and water storage (150 d)</span><span lang="en-US">. For the 24 h groups, the longer drying time increased (p &lt; 0.05) the bond strength of SB (water/alcohol adhesive), while reduced (p &lt; 0.05) for the PB group (acetone based adhesive). </span><span lang="en-US"><strong>Results: </strong></span><span lang="en-US">For the aged groups, the bond strength for the different drying times had no significant difference, for the both adhesives. </span><span lang="en-US"><strong>Conclusion:</strong></span><span lang="en-US"> Longer drying times increased the bond strength values of SB. Smaller drying times increased the bond strength values of PB. The aging protocol influenced the bond strength of SB groups.</span></p><p class="western"> </p><p class="western" lang="pt-BR"><span><span><span lang="en-US"><strong>Keywords:</strong></span></span></span><span><span><span lang="en-US"><span> Microtensile; Adhesion; Feldspar ceramic; Drying time; Adhesive system.</span></span></span></span></p>

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Surface Treatment Protocols on the Shear Bond Strength to Repressed Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramics

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr El-Etreby ◽  
Osama AlShanti ◽  
Gihan El-Nagar
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
X Ray

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of repressing and different surface treatment protocols on the shear bond strength of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics. Material and Methods: A total of 52 lithium disilicate glass-ceramic discs (IPS emax Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) were fabricated using the heat-press technique. The discs were divided into two groups; group (P): discs fabricated from new e.max ingots (n=26), group (R): discs fabricated from reused e.max buttons (n=26). Each group was subdivided into subgroup (E): discs were etched with hydrofluoric acid (9.5%) (n=13), subgroup (S): discs were air-abraded with 110 µm alumina particles. All specimens were subjected to X-ray Diffraction analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive X-Ray, Thermo-Cycling, and Shear Bond Strength Testing. Results: Repressed Etched subgroup (RE) recorded the statistically highest shear bond strength value, followed by the Pressed Etched subgroup (PE), while the statistically lowest shear bond strength value was recorded for the Pressed Air-Abraded subgroup (PS) and Repressed Air-Abraded subgroup (RS). Conclusion: Repressing the leftover buttons for the construction of new lithium disilicate glass-ceramic restorations has no adverse effect on the bond strength of the resin cement to the ceramic. Hydrofluoric acid surface treatment improves the shear bond strength and durability of resin cement bond to both pressed and repressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. Air-abrasion cannot be considered as a reliable surface treatment when bonding to lithium disilicate glass-ceramics. Keywords Heat pressed; Lithium disilicate glass-ceramics; Repressing; Shear bond strength; Surface treatment.

scholarly journals Dentin bond strength of bioactive cement in comparison to conventional resin cement when photosensitized with Er,Cr:YSGG Laser

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alkhudhairy ◽  
Sulieman S. Al-Johany ◽  
Mustafa Naseem ◽  
Mohammed Bin-Shuwaish ◽  
Fahim Vohra
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess dentin shear bond strength (SBS) and mode of bond failure of bioactive cement (BA) in comparison to conventional resin cement when photosensitized by Er,Cr:YSGG Laser (ECL). Methods: The present in-vitro study was carried out from March 2019 to May 2019. Sixty permanent non-carious, intact, non-fractured molars were isolated and mounted vertically in acrylic resin. Buccal surface of each molar tooth was ground, polished and surface treated with ECL. Ketac conditioner was applied on the surface washed and air dried surface. Tetric -N-Bond adhesive was applied on forty-five samples and light cured. The specimens were allocated into four groups (n=15) according to the type of cement used i.e., Calibra (C), BA, Variolink II (V) and Maxcem-Elite (ME). For SBS testing was performed using the universal testing machine. Eight samples from each group were assessed for modes of failure. Means and standard deviations were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The highest mean SBS was observed in group ECL-C (21.55±3.08). The lowest mean SBS was displayed in group ECL-ME (14.25±3.55). Mean SBS values for group ECL-C (21.55±3.08) and group ECL-V (20.74±4.15) were comparable (p <0.05). Similarly, SBS values of group ECL-BA (15.48±3.62) and group ECL-ME (14.25±3.55) were comparable (p <0.05). Conclusion: Dentin surface conditioned with Er,Cr:YSGG and bonded to C and V cements exhibit favourable bond strength values. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1284 How to cite this:Alkhudhairy F, Al-Johany SS, Naseem M, Bin-Shuwaish M, Vohra F. Dentin bond strength of bioactive cement in comparison to conventional resin cement when photosensitized with Er,Cr:YSGG Laser. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(2):---------.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1284 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Hydrofluoric acid concentration and etching time on bond strength to lithium disilicate glass-ceramic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. e215101724776
Author(s):  
Roberta Pinto Pereira ◽  
Renan Dias Carvalho ◽  
Carolina Mayumi Cavalcanti Taguchi ◽  
Sylvio Monteiro Jr ◽  
Renata Gondo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Microshear Bond Strength ◽  
Scanning Electron

The objective of this study to evaluate the effect of different HF concentrations and etching times on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of LD to resin cement. Forty LD sections (8x8 mm) of 3-mm thickness were randomly distributed (n=10) in accordance with the HF concentration (5 or 10%) and surface etching time (20 or 60 sec). The specimens were silanized and received an air-thinned layer of a light-curable adhesive. Six translucent tubes (0.8-mm diameter and 1-mm height) were positioned over each LD section, filled with resin cement and light-cured. After 24 h of storage, the tubes were carefully removed and the specimens were submitted to the μSBS test. The results submitted to a two-way analysis of variance and Sidak post hoc test (α=.05). Representative HF-etched specimens and one non-etched LD specimen were observed under a field-emission scanning electron microscope. The interaction between the HF concentrations and etching times was not significant (p=0.075). No significant differences were observed regarding HF concentrations and etching times (p=0.06 and p=0.059, respectively). Surfaces of specimens etched with 10% HF for 60 sec were found with grooves and microcracks. The μSBS of LD to resin cement was not significantly influenced by different HF concentrations and etching times; however, the LD surface morphology was found considerably modified.

The Influence of Surface Standardization of Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic on Bond Strength to a Dual Resin Cement

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Brum ◽  
R Mazur ◽  
J Almeida ◽  
G Borges ◽  
D Caldas
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ceramic Surfaces ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Diamond Paste

SUMMARY In vitro studies to assess bond strength between resins and ceramics have used surfaces that have been ground flat to ensure standardization; however, in patients, ceramic surfaces are irregular. The effect of a polished and unpolished ceramic on bond strength needs to be investigated. Sixty ceramic specimens (20×5×2 mm) were made and divided into two groups. One group was ground with 220- to 2000-grit wet silicon carbide paper and polished with 3-, 1-, and ¼-μm diamond paste; the other group was neither ground nor polished. Each group was divided into three subgroups: treated polished controls (PC) and untreated unpolished controls (UPC), polished (PE) and unpolished specimens (UPE) etched with hydrofluoric acid, and polished (PS) and unpolished specimens (UPS) sandblasted with alumina. Resin cement cylinders were built over each specimen. Shear bond strength was measured, and the fractured site was analyzed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc tests were performed. PE (44.47 ± 5.91 MPa) and UPE (39.70 ± 5.46 MPa) had the highest mean bond strength. PS (31.05 ± 8.81 MPa), UPC (29.11 ± 8.11 MPa), and UPS (26.41 ± 7.31 MPa) were statistically similar, and PC (24.96 ± 8.17 MPa) was the lowest. Hydrofluoric acid provides the highest bond strength regardless of whether the surface is polished or not.

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