scholarly journals Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity Using Nano-Hydroxyapatite Pastes: A Randomized Three-Month Clinical Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. E93-E101 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Wang ◽  
AC Magalhães ◽  
LF Francisconi-dos-Rios ◽  
MP Calabria ◽  
DFG Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Home Care ◽  
General Linear Model ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Final Score ◽  
Nested Analysis

SUMMARY Objectives: This randomized clinical trial tested the three-month desensitizing effect of two protocols using nano-hydroxyapatite formulations compared with Pro-Argin and fluoride varnish. Methods: Twenty-eight subjects with 137 teeth presenting dentin exposure with a minimal hypersensitivity of four on the visual analog scale (VAS) took part of this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to four groups: Desensibilize Nano-P paste (20% hydroxyapatite [HAP], potassium nitrate, and sodium fluoride [NaF]; 9000 ppm fluoride [F]); Desensibilize Nano-P associated with experimental home-care pastes (10% HA, potassium nitrate, and NaF; 900 ppm F); Pro-Relief professional paste (8% arginine with Pro-Argin technology) associated with home-care toothpaste (8% arginine, sodium monofluorophosphate, 1450 ppm F); and Duraphat professional varnish (NaF varnish, 22,600 ppm F). The professional treatments were performed in weekly appointments over three weeks. The home-care products were used continuously for three months. A VAS was used to assess the tooth sensitivity response after standardized evaporative stimulus at baseline and after one month and three months. The baseline score was deducted from the final score, and the means were analyzed using nested analysis of variance, while the comparison between times was performed by a general linear model (p<0.05). Results: At the first month all treatments were effective, but there were no significant differences among them (p=0.94). At the third month, despite the fact that NaF varnish had the lowest effect in reducing hypersensitivity, no significant difference was found among the treatments (p=0.09). Only Pro-Relief increased its effect over time (p=0.049). Conclusions: Nano-hydroxyapatite formulations (with or without home->care product association) were as effective as the other treatments in reducing dentin hypersensitivity over three months.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a home care teaching program for prostatectomized patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Regina Ferreira da Mata ◽  
Cissa Azevedo ◽  
Mariana Ferreira Vaz Gontijo Bernardes ◽  
Tânia Couto Machado Chianca ◽  
Maria da Graça Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Teaching Program ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Times

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a teaching program for hospital discharge of patients submitted to radical prostatectomy based on the self-efficacy construct of the Cognitive Social Theory. Method: A controlled clinical trial carried out on a 2-month follow-up of 68 prostatectomized men randomized into intervention group (n = 34) and control (n = 34). The intervention group received routine guidance from the service plus the teaching program. The control group only received routine guidance from the service. The data collection instruments were: sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, self-efficacy scale, hospital depression and anxiety scale, household care knowledge questionnaire, and an item on satisfaction with a score of 1 to 5. Results: There was a significant difference between the intragroups for satisfaction (p<0.001) and knowledge (p<0.001) of the pre-test to the post-test. In the intervention group, there were significant changes between the times for anxiety (p=0.011) and knowledge (p<0.001). Conclusion: The teaching program with a combination of oral guidance, written instruction and telephone follow-up was effective in improving knowledge about home care and personal satisfaction. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-5n95rm.

scholarly journals Subjects living in an onchocerciasis focus and treated 3-monthly with ivermectin develop fewer new onchocercal nodules than subjects treated annually

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémy Campillo ◽  
Cédric B. CHESNAIS ◽  
Sébastien D. Pion ◽  
Jacques Gardon ◽  
Joseph Kamgno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Prophylactic Effect ◽  
Poisson Regression Model ◽  
Initial Number ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Little information is available on the effect of ivermectin on the third and fourth stage larvae of Onchocerca volvulus . To assess a possible prophylactic effect of ivermectin on this parasite, we compared the effects of different ivermectin regimens on the acquisition of onchocercal nodules. Methods We analyzed data from a controlled randomized clinical trial of ivermectin conducted in the Mbam valley (Cameroon) between 1994 and 1998 in a cohort of onchocerciasis infected individuals. The number of nodules that appeared between the start and the end of the clinical trial was analyzed, using ANOVA and multivariable Poisson regressions, between four treatment arms: 150 µg/kg annually, 800 µg/kg annually, 150 µg/kg 3-monthly, and 800 µg/kg annually. Results The mean number of nodules that appeared during the trial was reduced by 17.7% in subjects treated 3-monthly compared to those treated annually (regardless of the dose). Poisson regression model, adjusting on subject’s age and weight, initial number of nodules and intensity of O. volvulus infection in his village of residence, confirmed that the incidence of new nodules was reduced in 3-monthly treatment arms compared to annually treatment arms, and that the dosage of ivermectin does not seem to influence this effect. Besides, the number of newly acquired nodules was positively associated with the initial number of nodules. Analysis of disappearance of nodules did not show any significant difference between the treatment groups. Conclusions Our result suggest, for the first time in humans, that ivermectin has a prophylactic effect on O. volvulus . Three-monthly treatment seems more effective than annual treatment to prevent the appearance of nodules.

scholarly journals Single-Needle Arthrocentesis with Upper Compartment Distension versus Conventional Two-Needle Arthrocentesis: Randomized Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Grossmann ◽  
Primo Guilherme Vargas Pasqual ◽  
Rodrigo Lorenzi Poluha ◽  
Lilian Cristina Vessoni Iwaki ◽  
Liogi Iwaki Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Disc Displacement ◽  
Articular Disc ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Interincisal Distance ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Tmj Pain ◽  
One Year

The objective of this study was to compare single-needle arthrocentesis with distension of the upper compartment of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with the conventional two-needle arthrocentesis. Twenty-six patients with articular disc displacement without reduction (DDWOR) were included in the study and assigned to two groups (n=13): single-needle arthrocentesis with distension of the upper compartment of the TMJ (1N) and conventional two-needle arthrocentesis (2N). The maximum interincisal distance (MID) and TMJ pain as measured by the visual analog scale (VAS) were compared. MID and VAS data were obtained: before (T1), seven days after (T2), fifteen days after (T3), one month after (T4), three months after (T5), six months after (T6), nine months after (T7), and one year after the arthrocentesis procedures (T8). Considering each group individually, results of the VAS scores and MID measurements showed a significant difference between T1 and T2–T8 (p<0.001) in both groups. Between two groups, results show no significant differences (p>0.05). Both techniques tested were effective in reducing pain and increasing MID. Due to the advantages over the conventional two-needle arthrocentesis, single-needle arthrocentesis with distension of the upper compartment should be considered as the first treatment option for patients with painful hypomobilized TMJ of DDWOR.

scholarly journals Clinical Comparison of 5% Potassium Nitrate and 10% Strontium Chloride Toothpastes in Alleviating Dentin Hypersensitivity Following Manual Scaling: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Anam Zahid Kiani ◽  
◽  
Sobia Hassan ◽  
Talha Rafiq
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Strontium Chloride ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Clinical Comparison ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Minimum Score ◽  
Dent Assoc

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of dentifrices containing potassium nitrate and strontium chloride in reducing dentinal sensitivity pain. METHODOLOGY: A pilot study was conducted in Islamic International Dental Hospital Islamabad, Pakistan (Duration two weeks). Forty participants were selected, aged between 18-40 years, having dentin hypersensitivity with the minimum score of 4 on Visual Analog Scale. Participants were randomly allocated with dentifrices containing 5% w/w potassium nitrate and 10 % w/w strontium chloride and were asked to use it for 2 weeks and come back for follow up. Statistically significant correlations were found using the Man Whitney test. A pre-designed proforma was used to acquire information about the patient. Sensitivity was determined with the aid of the Visual Analog Scale. RESULTS: There was greater reduction in moderate pain from 85.8% to 71.4% with strontium chloride and from 84.2% to 79% with potassium nitrate. CONCLUSION: 10 % w/w strontium chloride is more effective than the 5% w/w potassium nitrate for the management of dentin hypersensitivity. KEYWORDS: Toothpastes, Sensitivity, Strontium Chloride, Potassium Nitrate HOW TO CITE: Kiani AZ, Hassan S, Rafiq T. Clinical comparison of 5% potassium nitrate and 10% strontium chloride toothpastes in alleviating dentin hypersensitivity following manual scaling: A pilot study. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1): 56-60.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Prophylactic Effect of Intravenous or Gargling Dexamethasone in Reducing Postextubation Sore Throat and Cough

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reihanak Talakoub ◽  
Keyvan Bagheri ◽  
Mitra Jabalameli ◽  
Fahimeh Salehi ◽  
Hamidreza Shetabi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tracheal Extubation ◽  
Prophylactic Effect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hemodynamic Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Sore throat, cough and hoarseness after tracheal extubation are common complications after surgery. Due to the proven effect of dexamethasone on reducing these complications, in this study, we compared the prophylactic effect of intravenous dexamethasone and dexamethasone gargle on sore throat and cough after extubation. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 96 patients between the ages of 18-64 years who underwent elective surgery and intubation under general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups, respectively, the first group received 6 mg dexamethasone gargle. The second group received 6 mg intravenous dexamethasone and the third group received normal saline. The frequency of cough and sore throat were assessed and compared in these three groups. Results: There was no significant difference between the three groups based on hemodynamic variables and demographic data (P> 0.05). The frequency of cough in the first (1.54± 2.82) and second (1.57±2.73) groups was less than the third group (1.79±3.14), but this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.66). The mean severity of sore throat in the second group and then in the first group was lower at the time of entry into recovery and 2 hours after surgery, than the third group. (P <0.005) Also, the mean severity of sore throat in the second group and then the first group in 24 hours after surgery was significantly lower than the third group. (P <0.005). Conclusion: Prophylactic single-dose intravenous dexamethasone is more effective than dexamethasone gargle in reducing sore throat due to endotracheal intubation. Also, gargling and intravenous injection of dexamethasone, both are effective in reducing postoperative cough without any side effects after extubation.

Subjects living in an onchocerciasis focus and treated 3-monthly with ivermectin develop fewer new onchocercal nodules than subjects treated annually  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémy T. Campillo ◽  
Cédric B. Chesnais ◽  
Sébastien D. Pion ◽  
Jacques Gardon ◽  
Joseph Kamgno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Prophylactic Effect ◽  
Poisson Regression Model ◽  
Initial Number ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: Little information is available on the effect of ivermectin on the third and fourth stage larvae of Onchocerca volvulus. To assess a possible prophylactic effect of ivermectin on this parasite, we compared the effects of different ivermectin regimens on the acquisition of onchocercal nodules.Methods: We analyzed data from a controlled randomized clinical trial of ivermectin conducted in the Mbam valley (Cameroon) between 1994 and 1998 in a cohort of onchocerciasis infected individuals. The number of nodules that appeared between the start and the end of the clinical trial was analyzed, using ANOVA and multivariable Poisson regressions, between four treatment arms: 150 µg/kg annually, 800 µg/kg annually, 150 µg/kg 3-monthly, and 800 µg/kg 3-monthly. Results: The mean number of nodules that appeared during the trial was reduced by 17.7% in subjects treated 3-monthly compared to those treated annually (regardless of the dose). Poisson regression model, adjusting on subject’s age and weight, initial number of nodules and intensity of O. volvulus infection in his village of residence, confirmed that the incidence of new nodules was reduced in 3-monthly treatment arms compared to annually treatment arms, and that the dosage of ivermectin does not seem to influence this effect. Besides, the number of newly acquired nodules was positively associated with the initial number of nodules. Analysis of disappearance of nodules did not show any significant difference between the treatment groups. Conclusions: Our result suggest, for the first time in humans, that ivermectin has a partial prophylactic effect on O. volvulus. Three-monthly treatment seems more effective than annual treatment to prevent the appearance of nodules.

scholarly journals Double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial with clobetasol propionate in desquamative gingivitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Fragoso Motta ◽  
Carina Domaneschi ◽  
Marilena Chinali Komesu ◽  
Cacilda da Silva Souza ◽  
Valéria Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clobetasol Propionate ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a 0.05% clobetasol propionate ointment administered in trays to 22 patients with desquamative gingivitis in a double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. Patients received container number 1 and were instructed to apply the ointment 3 times a day for 2 weeks, and to reduce the application to once a day in the third week. Next, the patients were then instructed to discontinue the treatment for 2 weeks, and were then given container 2, used in the same way and for the same length of time as container 1. Regarding signs, 17 patients presented some improvement, while 5 experienced worsening with clobetasol propionate. With the placebo, 14 patients presented some improvement, and 8 patients presented worsening. For symptoms, there was complete improvement in 2 patients, partial improvement in 12, no response in 7, and worsening in 1 with clobetasol propionate. With the placebo, there was partial improvement in 8 patients, no response in 12 and worsening in 2. No statistically significant difference was found between clobetasol and placebo (p>0.05). Within the period designed to treat the gingival lesions of the patients, clobetasol propionate did not significantly outperform the placebo.

scholarly journals Comparison Efficacy of Bacterial and Fungal Probiotics on Acute Pediatric Diarrhea A Randomized Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Sharif ◽  
Abbas Taghavi Ardakani ◽  
Hamed Haddad Kashani ◽  
Fatemeh Rabiee ◽  
Mohammad Reza Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
The Third ◽  
Acute Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Diarrheal disease is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. Probiotics, recognized as living microorganisms, are known to balance human intestinal flora. Many studies have shown that probiotics can be used as an alternative treatment to acute diarrhea. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of fungal and bacterial probiotics on acute pediatric diarrhea. Methods This clinical trial was conducted on 90 children aged 2 to 5 years, who were referred to the Kashan Children's Hospital, Iran, in 2015 for complaints of acute watery diarrhea and were treated on an outpatient basis. These children were randomly divided into three groups of 30. The first group received a standard daily treatment with ORS plus bacterial probiotics as a Kidilact® sachet containing 7 strains of Lactobacillus strains; the second group received ORS and fungal probiotics containing Saccharomyces boulardii as Ardeypharm Yomogi® capsule, 250 mg once a day and the third group used placebo along with standard oral rehydration therapy. The duration of treatment with probiotics or placebo was 5 days. Results The current study showed no significant differences in age, gender, frequency and duration of diarrhea between the three groups before admission. The mean duration of diarrhea from onset of treatment to recovery was 2.80 days in the first group (bacterial probiotics), 3.17 days in the second group (fungal probiotics), and 4.43 days in the third group (placebo). A significant difference was observed in the duration of diarrhea after treatment between the three groups (P ≤ 0.05), so that the best effect was found in reducing the duration of diarrhea in the bacterial probiotic group, and the lowest effect was associated with the placebo group. Conclusion The use of probiotics in acute diarrhea in children could be effective in shortening the duration of diarrhea; however, the results of this study indicate that bacterial probiotics may seems to be superior to fungi but statistically does not have significant differences.

Comparison of Sertraline with Rifampin in the treatment of Cholestatic Pruritus: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
Sara Ataei ◽  
Leila Kord ◽  
Amir Larki ◽  
Fatemeh Yasrebifar ◽  
Maryam Mehrpooya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Total Bilirubin Level ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Pruritus is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of liver disease such as Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Primary Biliary Cholangitis. Cholestyramine, rifampin, opioid antagonists, antihistaminic agents and SSRIs are used for the management of pruritus. Due to rifampin drug interactions as well as its serious side effects such as hepatotoxicity, clinicians are endeavoruing to find a safer and a more effective substitution. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of sertraline with rifampin in the management of cholestatic pruritus. Methods: In a single-blinded randomized clinical trial a total of 36 patients of PSC and PBC were divided into two equal groups, one group received 100 mg/day sertraline and the other group received rifampin 300 mg/day for 4 weeks. Visual analog scale was used to record pruritus severity at baseline and 4 weeks after drug intervention, also, ALT, AST, ALP and total bilirubin of all patients were measured at three different time points. Results: Over the follow-up period, pruritus had relieved in both groups, but there was no significant differences between sertraline and rifampin in pruritus management (pvalue=0.740), also there was no significant difference between the two intervention strategies (A versus B) in total bilirubin level (pvalue=0.106). Moreover, the ALT, AST and ALP levels were found to be significantly different between the two groups (Pvalue˂0.01). Conclusion: There is no difference between sertraline and rifampin in pruritus improvement, but sertraline has less adverse effects on hepatobiliary enzyme levels, so it seems to be safer than rifampin.

scholarly journals Clinical Comparison: Fast-Acting and Traditional Topical Dental Anesthetic

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur C. DiMarco ◽  
Ann O'Kelley Wetmore
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Pain Reduction ◽  
Topical Agent ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Topical Anesthetic ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fast Acting

A randomized, nonblinded clinical trial compared the effectiveness of an application method of a fast-acting refrigerant topical agent to a 20% benzocaine gel topical. In a split-mouth design, right and left anterior middle superior alveolar injections (N = 30) were administered with a 27-gauge needle at least 24 hours apart with preinjection topicals. Using a cotton-tipped applicator, a refrigerant topical was applied for 5 seconds and 20% benzocaine gel for 2 minutes on opposite sides at 2 separate appointments. Subjects self-reported pain perception after each injection using a visual analog scale (VAS). The mean VAS ratings demonstrated no significant difference between the 5-second application of the refrigerant (M = 16.2, SD = 17.7) and the 2-minute application of 20% benzocaine topical gel anesthetic (M = 17.9, SD = 18.2). Fifty-seven percent of the subjects reported greater pain reduction with the refrigerant, 33% reported greater pain reduction with 20% benzocaine, and 10% reported no difference. Results suggest the described method of application of a refrigerant as an oral topical anesthetic has a faster onset and provides similar benefit in pain reduction compared with 20% benzocaine gel. The refrigerant was easy to accomplish and well received by subjects, indicating potential for routine use in dentistry.

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