scholarly journals RESULTS OF GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON ADYGEYA PROFILE

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Г. Шемпелев ◽  
С.У. Кухмазов ◽  
В.Б. Заалишвили ◽  
Л.Н. Невский
Keyword(s):  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
Entire Structure ◽  
Consolidated Crust ◽  
Scythian Plate ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Geophysical Investigations

В последние годы несколькими организациями были выполнены геофизические исследования различными методами в западной части Центрального Кавказа. Вдоль Адыгейского профиля (Дагомыс-Абадзехская-Гиагинская) впервые получена комплексная геофизическая характеристика глубинного разреза земной коры вкрест всей структуры Большого Кавказа. Рассматриваются материалы МТЗ, МОВЗ и гравимагнитных съёмок. Предполагается, что структура Большого Кавказа, как часть Альпийского коллизонного пояса, возникла при наползании Скифской эпигерцинской плиты на консолидированную кору одной из закавказских микроплит In recent years, several organizations have been implemented geophysical surveys in the western part of the Central Caucasus using a variety of methods. Along the Adygeya profile (Dagomys-Abadzekhskaya- Giaginskaia) were received a comprehensive geophysical characteristics of deep crustal section across the entire structure of the Greater Caucasus. Examines material МТZ, IGAD and gravimagnetsurvey. The structure of the Greater Caucasus, as part of the Alpine collision belt, appeared with creeping of the Scythian plate on one of the Caucasuss consolidated crust microplate

scholarly journals DATA OF DEEP GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS ALONG CHEGEM PROFILE (CENTRAL BLOCK, THE GREATER CAUCASUS)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.У. Кухмазов ◽  
Х.О. Чотчаев ◽  
А.Г. Шемпелев
Keyword(s):  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
Central Block ◽  
The North ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Entire Structure ◽  
Consolidated Crust ◽  
Scythian Plate ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Earth's Crust

Геофизические наблюдения вдоль Чегемского профиля (перевал Китлод – г. Буденновск) являются продолжением глубинных исследований структуры Большого Кавказа комплексом геофизических характеристик разреза земной коры в крест всей структуры орогена. На основании фактических материалов МОВЗ, МТЗ и гравимагнитных съёмок выделяются отдельные элементы структуры Большого Кавказа, как части Альпийского коллизионного пояса, очевидно возникшей при пологом надвиге с севера земной коры Скифской плиты на консолидированную кору закавказских микроплит. Geophysical observations along the chegemsky profile (pass Titled - Budennovsk) are a continuation of the deep studies of the structure of the greater Caucasus the complex geophysical characteristics of the section of the earth crust in the cross the entire structure of the orogen. On the basis of actual materials of the method of exchange waves of earthquakes, the method of telluric current and gravity-filming separate elements of the structure of the greater Caucasus as part of the Alpine collisional belt, obviously occurred when the canopy on thrusting from the North of the earth’s crust of the Scythian plate in the consolidated crust of the Transcaucasian microplate.

scholarly journals Zoning of high mountainous areas by geoecological loads caused by geodynamic and climatic influences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Х.О. Чотчаев ◽  
О.Г. Бурдзиева ◽  
В.Б. Заалишвили
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Point System ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Scythian Plate ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
The Impact

Геотектонические, литологические и ландшафтно-морфологические особенности территорий, функционирующих туристско-рекреационных комплексов Центрального Кавказа, определяют платформенный характер развития Скифской плиты, южной окраиной вовлеченной совместно с причлененными микроплитами-террейнами (Предкавказская, Бечасынская, Восточно-Кавказская) в горообразовательный процесс Большого Кавказа. Иной характер геологического развития претерпели территории южного склона Большого Кавказа, вовлеченные в горообразовательный процесс как океанические плиты – террейны (Закавказская плита, Южная микроплита – сложенные толщей чередующегося флиша глинистых сланцев с прослоями песчаников, мергелей, известняков). Прижатая к жесткой Скифской плите с юга Закавказской плитой, подпираемой Аравийской платформой, Южная микроплита подверглась интенсивной деформации, глубинным тектоническим проявлениям субширотной ориентировки, являющимся каналами активного проявления эндогенных геодинамических процессов. Создание туристско-рекреационного комплекса на Южном склоне Центрального Кавказа предполагает прогноз темпов геоэкологической эволюции в условиях активной геодинамики и интенсивного проявления опасных геологических процессов. Цель исследований – зонирование интенсивностей уровней геоэкологических нагрузок геодинамических и климатических воздействий для дифференцированного целевого использования соответствующих площадей. В процессе исследований выявлены геодинамические и климатические факторы, характерные для территории и реализовано ранжирование интегральных воздействий на исследуемой территории. Методика заключалась в разбиении территории на элементы площади размерами 4×4 кв. км, учете значимых факторов воздействия на элемент площади и суммировании интенсивностей, определяемых экспертными оценками ранжирования, обусловленных каждым из природных воздействий. В процессе решения задач были определены геодинамические и климатические факторы, характерные для территории; дифференцированы геотектонические и геоморфологические условия их проявления; проведена экспертная оценка интенсивности воздействия каждого фактора по пятибалльной системе и установлен суммарный максимально возможный потенциал воздействия. Результаты исследований стали основой составления соответствующей карты – схемы зонирования исследуемой территории на зоны с интенсивностями, характеризующими различные уровни геоэкологической нагрузки. The geotectonic, lithological and landscape-morphological features of the territories where tourist and recreational complexes are functioning in the Central Caucasus determine the platform nature of the development of the Scythian plate. The southern margin of this plate is involved, together with the attached microplate-terranes (Ciscaucasia, Bechasynskaya, East Caucasian), in the mountain-forming process of the Greater Caucasus. The territories of the southern slope of the Greater Caucasus, involved in the mountain-forming process as oceanic plates - terranes (Transcaucasian plate, South microplate - folded by a layer of alternating flysch of clay shales with interlayers of sandstones, marls, limestones) have undergone a different character of geological development. The Southern microplate is pressed against the rigid Scythian plate from the south by the Transcaucasian plate, supported by the Arabian platform. It has undergone intense deformation, deep tectonic manifestations of sublatitudinal orientation, which are channels for the active manifestation of endogenous geodynamic processes. The creation of a tourist and recreational complex on the southern slope of the Central Caucasus presupposes a forecast of the geoecological evolution rate in conditions of active geodynamics and intensive manifestation of dangerous geological processes. The Aim of the study is the zoning of the intensity levels of the geoecological loads of geodynamic and climatic influences for the differentiated target use of the corresponding areas. In the course of research, geodynamic and climatic factors characteristic for the territory were identified and the ranking of integral impacts on the studied territory was implemented. The methodsconsisted in dividing the territory into area elements of 4 × 4 square km., taking into account the significant factors of influence on the element of the area and summing up the intensities determined by expert estimates of the ranking caused by each of the natural impacts. In the process of solving the problems, the geodynamic and climatic factors characteristic for the territory were determined; differentiated geotectonic and geomorphological conditions of their manifestation; an expert assessment of the intensity of the impact of each factor was carried out according to a five-point system and the total maximum possible impact potential was established. Results of the study became the basis for the compilation of the corresponding map - the zoning scheme of the study area into zones with intensities characterizing different levels of geoecological load

scholarly journals STRUCTURE OF THE LARGE CAUCASUS – THE RESULT OF THE GENTLY SLOPING THRUST OF THE SCYTHIAN PLATE EARTH’S CRUST ON THE CONSOLIDATED CRUST OF THE TRANSCAUCASIAN MICROS-PLATES

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Г. Шемпелев ◽  
С.У. Кухмазов ◽  
Х.О. Чотчаев ◽  
Л.Н. Невский
Keyword(s):  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
The North ◽  
Entire Structure ◽  
Consolidated Crust ◽  
Scythian Plate ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
First Time

Приводятся краткие сведения о пересечениях глубинными геофизическими исследованиями структуры Большого Кавказа и результаты работ последних лет вдоль Адыгейского профиля (Дагомыс Абад-зехская Гиагинская), где впервые с равномерным шагом наблюдений получена комплексная геофизическая характеристика разреза земной коры в крест всей структуры орогена. На основании фактических материалов МОВЗ, МТЗ и гравимагнитных съёмок выделяются отдельные элементы структуры Большого Кавказа, как части Альпийского коллизионного пояса, очевидно возникшей при пологом надвиге с севера земной коры Скифской плиты на консолидированную кору закавказских микроплит. Brief information about the intersections with deep geophysical studies of the large Caucasus structure is given and the results of the last years works along the Adygea profile (Dagomys-Abadzekhskaya-Giaginskaya), where for the first time with the even step of observations obtained the complex geophysical characteristic of the earths crust section into the cross of the entire structure of orogen. On the factual materials basis MWEDE, MTS and gravimagnetic surveys the separate elements of the structure of the large Caucasus are separated as the part of the Alpine collision belt, which obviously arose with the gently sloping thrust from the north of the scythian plate earths crust on the consolidated crust of the Transcaucasian micros-plates

SOME RESULTS OF GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING CONDUCTED FOR THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA FROM 1945–1948

Geophysics ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-731
Author(s):  
G. Dessau
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Spontaneous Polarization ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Foundation Engineering ◽  
Geophysical Prospecting ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Geophysical Investigations ◽  
The Many ◽  
Geological Background

The methods used and some results obtained from geophysical investigations conducted by the Geophysical Section of the Geological Survey of India from 1945–1948 are presented. The many difficulties encountered in obtaining the proper instruments necessitated the widespread use of equipment made by the Section. This is one of the reasons why electrical resistivity and spontaneous polarization methods were employed in preference to others. The majority of the geophysical surveys during this three year period were concentrated in the search for minerals, water supplies, and in the solution of foundation engineering problems. The emphasis on these phases of geophysical prospecting rather than on oil surveys was necessary because, of the types of equipment available, as well as the priority assigned to these projects. Two spontaneous polarization, two magnetic, and two resistivity surveys are described, in addition to one carried out jointly by electrical and seismic methods. The geological background of these investigations are also briefly mentioned together with some details of the equipment used.

scholarly journals THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GEODYNAMIC ENVIRONMENT AND ELEMENTS OF STRUCTURAL-MATERIAL COMPLEXES OF THE CENTRAL CAUCASUS AT A DEEP INCISION HEALTHSCOPE PROFILE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.Б. Заалишвили ◽  
Х.О. Чотчаев ◽  
А.Г. Шемпелев
Keyword(s):  
Structural Material ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Ophiolite Complex ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Deep Incision ◽  
Geodynamic Environment ◽  
Consolidated Crust ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Full Vector

В статье рассматривается возможность выделения наследственных признаков геодинамической обстановки и элементов структурно-вещественных комплексов, участвующих в геологическом развитии  Кавказа, на глубинных геоэлектрических и сейсмологических разрезах для создания геолого-геофизической моделей земной коры вдоль региональных профилей. Современные структурно-тектонические и структурно-вещественные комплексы восточной части Центрального Кавказа интерполируются с основными структурами консолидированной коры и низов коры. Обосновывается научный и практический интерес корреляционной увязки глубинных коровых и мантийных структур с месторождениями твердых полезных ископаемых и углеводородов, роль границы Мохоровичича в локализации месторождений. Субширотная структура реликтового рубца (геосутуры), уверенно выделяемая по минимумам напряженности полного вектора магнитного поля по структурно-вещественным элементам (олистостромы, офиолиты, микститы) представляется убедительным наследственным признаком субдукции. Реликтовый рубец представляется выполненным тектонизированным терригенным материалом, содержащим разного размера глыбы и блоки вулканогенно-осадочных пород и ремобилизованные олистостромы пород офиолитового комплекса, что является формационным признаком геодинамической обстановки, фиксируемой в развитии структуры Кавказа. The article deals with the possibility of identifying hereditary features of the geodynamic situation and elements of structural and material complexes involved in the geological development of the Caucasus, in deep geoelectric and seismological sections to create geological and geophysical models of the earth's crust along the regional profiles. Modern structural-tectonic and structural-material complexes of the Eastern part of the Central Caucasus are interpolated with the main structures of the consolidated crust and the lower crust. The scientific and practical interest of correlation linking of deep crustal and mantle structures with deposits of solid minerals and hydrocarbons, the role of the boundary of Mokhorovichych in the localization of deposits is substantiated. Latitudinal structure of the relic scar (geostructure), confidently allocated to the minimum of the tension of magnetic field full vector on structural-material elements (olistostromes, ophiolites, mixtite) persuasive inherited character of subduction. Relict scar is represented by tectonized terrigenous material containing different size blocks and blocks of volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks and remobilized olistostromes of rocks of the ophiolite complex, which is a formative sign of geodynamic situation, recorded in the development of the structure of the Caucasus.

scholarly journals An integrated geological, hydrogeological and geophysical approach to the characterisation of the aquifer in a contaminated site

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Di Paola ◽  
S. Margiotta ◽  
F. Mazzone ◽  
S. Negri
Keyword(s):  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Continental Deposits ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Lower Permeability ◽  
Geophysical Investigations ◽  
Sandy Sediments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geological Formations

Abstract. This work sets out a physical – stratigraphical reconstruction of the superficial aquifer in the Brindisi area; this site is recognized to be at significant environmental risk (Law no. 426/98) by the Italian government. Geological, hydrogeological and geophysical methodologies were applied. The geological characterisation consisted of surface and subsoil surveys. The existing stratigraphical, geotechnical and hydrogeological data were collected, processed and homogenised, and the information inserted in a database managed with a specific software (arcview). Hydrogeological surveys were conducted in a number of boreholes uniformly distributed over the studied area. Geophysical prospecting was conducted in the most industrialized part of the area, adjacent to a combined industrial road/conveyor belt – the "Asse Attrezzato" – in order to better describe the site and evaluate the impact of this structure on the environment. This research enabled us to characterise the superficial aquifer of the Brindisi area. The groundwater is of the phreatic type. In the upper part of the deposit, the presence of low permeability sediments (recent continental deposits) means that the groundwater is confined. Subapennine Clays (Lower Pleistocene), present across the whole of the area, form the impermeable base of the aquifer. The deposits that make up the superficial aquifer vary greatly in their permeability. The greatest permeability is associated with the calcarenite deposits (Terraced Deposits, Middle-Upper Pleistocene). The higher the proportion of slime in the granulometric assortment, the lower the permeability of the deposit. The lower section of the aquifer, characterized by the presence of slimy-sandy sediments (Brindisi sands, Lower-Middle Pleistocene), has a lower permeability. The results of the geophysical investigations enabled us to reconstruct in detail the lateral and vertical lithological variations of the geological formations. Furthermore, by supplementing the data from boreholes (direct surveys), the geophysical surveys proved to be useful in that they reduce the need for perforations of the ground, which are potential conduits of pollution.

scholarly journals Recent trends of snow avalanche regime in the Central Caucasus (Elbrus region as an example)

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200
Author(s):  
A. D. Oleinikov ◽  
N. A. Volodicheva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Destructive Potential

The climate change during cold seasons of 1995–2017 in the Central Caucasus is estimated, and its influence on the avalanche regime is shown. Data on the avalanche releases in the Central Caucasus for the period 1968– 2017 together with observations of high-altitude meteorological stations were used for the analysis. The paper presents estimates of snowiness of the winters and their frequency of occurrence in the area under investigation. The winter snowiness was noted to decrease since the beginning of the 2000s. The last decade of the period was not snowy, especially its series of six winters having very small amounts of snow. It is shown that in the second half of the XX century the heaviest snowfalls took place mostly in Januaries, and they were followed by releases of avalanches with the volumes exceeding 1 million cubic metres. In the early 2000‑ies, intensive January snowfalls were observed later, i.e. during the winter-spring period. In the warmer months March and April, the destructive potential of avalanches was noticeably smaller. In the present time, the warming and decrease of winter snowiness resulted in significant diminution of the avalanche hazard in the region. At the same time, on the background of general warming the certain increase in inter-seasonal variability of air temperature was noted. These changes may be compared to the warming of 1910–1945 when during its warmest phase the Europe suffered with one of the harshest winters in 1941/42. The swing of the «temperature pendulum» indicates that a harsh winter with heavy snowfalls and avalanches with catastrophic consequences may occur on the background of winters with mild and moderate avalanche danger. This is one of probable scenarios in the development of avalanche activity in the Greater Caucasus in the context of the current climate change.

scholarly journals Integrated geophysical surveys for the knowledge of a monument of Lecce: the sixteenth-century fortifications

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Giovanni Leucci ◽  
Giacomo Di Giacomo ◽  
Lara De Giorgi ◽  
Immacolata Ditaranto ◽  
Ilaria Miccoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
City Wall ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Geophysical Investigations ◽  
The City ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

Within<strong> </strong>the project for the<strong> </strong>restoration of the<strong> </strong>northern section of the sixteenth-century city wall of Lecce, CNR-IBAM carried out geophysical surveys aimed at the study and the reconstruction of the fortifications system. In particular, the investigations focused on a wide band of land outside the two bastions at the northern far end of the fortifications. The integrated use of GPR and ERT systems has allowed to detect anomalies related to the main ditch outside the city wall and to characterize the rocky bench in which it was excavated; at the time of the surveys, this ditch was still buried and the results of the measurements have guided its excavations. Moreover, the investigations have allowed to identify also other possible ditches or quarries and more ancient structures, which subsequent archaeological excavations have dated at the Roman period. Moreover, geophysical surveys highlighted the presence of modern walls, corresponding with the foundations of the stadium constructed in the first half of the 1900s close to the fortifications. So, geophysical investigations were very important since they allowed not only to direct the archaeological excavations, but also because they allowed to formulate some hypotheses on the ancient topography of the not excavated area.

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