scholarly journals Ecological and economic justification of the utilization of associated petroleum gas at oil fields of Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Иванов ◽  
А.В. Стриженок ◽  
И.К. Супрун
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Associated Petroleum Gas ◽  
Economic Justification ◽  
The World

Актуальность работы. Утилизация попутного нефтяного газа методом сжигания его на факельных установках является одной из основных экологических проблем при добыче нефти в мире. При этом данный процесс оказывает колоссальный экономический ущерб, так как попутный нефтяной газ является потенциальным продуктом, который возможно перерабатывать с получением товарной продукции, электроэнергии или тепловой энергии. Только в России на факелах ежегодно сжигается более 30 млрд м3 ПНГ, при этом сжигание 1 млрд куб. м попутного газа эквивалентно потере товарной продукции на сумму более 300 млн долларов. Цель работы. В представленной статье авторами проведен подбор оптимального способа утилизации попутного нефтяного газа на малых месторождениях России и его эколого-экономическое обоснование. Методы исследования. В качестве наиболее рентабельного метода принят способ электрогенерации с использованием газотурбинной электростанции. Реализация такого проекта на месторождении снижает выбросы загрязняющих веществ в сотни раз, а срок его окупаемости не превышает 2,5 лет. Нефтяная и газовая промышленность это динамично развивающаяся отрасль мировой экономики, а добываемые нефть и природный газ один из основных энергоресурсов на нашей планете. В Российской Федерации нефтегазовая промышленность является одной из ключевых отраслей, обеспечивающих формирование бюджета. В 2017 году в России было добыто более 500 млн т нефти и около 600 млрд м3 природного газа, при этом более 50 сырой нефти и около 40 природного газа было отправлено на экспорт. При таких значительных объемах добычи и далеко не самых крупных запасах нефти ресурсообеспеченность России нефтью по различным оценкам составляет от 20 до 25 лет при неизменных объемах добычи. Немного лучше ситуация обстоит с природным газом, ресурсообеспеченность России которым по разным оценкам составляет от 80 до 100 лет. При этом добыча нефти и газа является одним из наиболее опасных производств для окружающей природной среды. Результаты работы. В процессе освоения нефтяных и газовых месторождений можно выделить следующие основные проблемы, освещённые в данной работе: нарушение растительного, почвенного и снежного покровов, поверхностного стока, срезка микрорельефа необратимые деформации земной поверхности в результате извлечения из недр нефти, газа и подземных вод, поддерживающих пластовое давление загрязнение атмосферы, почвы, поверхностных и подземных водных источников. Однако одной из наиболее актуальных экологических проблем нефтегазового промышленного комплекса в России является утилизация попутного нефтяного газа. Попутный нефтяной газ (далее ПНГ) один из сопутствующих продуктов процесса добычи нефти и её предварительной подготовки к транспортировке. Основными компонентами ПНГ являются метан и другие низкомолекулярные (летучие) алканы Relevance. One of the main environmental problems in oil production in the world today is the utilization of associated petroleum gas (APG) by combustion it in flares. At the same time, this process has enormous economic damage, since APG is a potential raw material that can be used to produce marketable products, power or heat energy. More than 30 billion cubic meters of APG are combusted in flares annually only in Russia, which is about 20 of the total amount of combusted APG in the world. It should be noted that combustion of 1 billion cubic meters of APG is equivalent to the loss of marketable products worth more than 300 million dollars. Aim. In the present article, the authors carried out a selection of the optimal method for utilization of APG at small fields in Russia and its environmental and economic justification. Methods. The method of power generation directly at the field using gas turbine power station was adopted as the most cost-effective method. The implementation of such a project at the field reduces emissions of pollutants hundreds of times, and payback period does not exceed 2.5 years. The oil and gas industry is a dynamically developing sector of the world economy, but produced oil and natural gas is one of the main energy resources on our planet. The oil and gas industry is one of the main industries ensuring budget formation in the Russian Federation. More than 500 million tons of oil and about 600 billion cubic meters of natural gas were produced in Russia in 2017, as the same time about 50 of crude oil and about 40 of natural gas were exported. With such significant production volumes and not the largest oil reserves, the resource supply of Russia with oil, according to various estimates, ranges from 20 to 25 years with current production volumes. The situation with natural gas is a little better, as resource supply of Russia with natural gas, according to various estimates, ranges from 80 to 100 years. Results. At the same time, oil and gas production is one of the most hazardous industries for the environment. In the process of developing oil and gas fields, the following main problems can be distinguished: violation of vegetation, soil and snow cover, surface runoff, cut microrelief irreversible deformations of the earths surface as a result of extraction from the bowels of oil, gas and groundwater that support reservoir pressure pollution of the atmosphere, soil, surface and underground water sources. However, one of the most pressing environmental problems of the oil and gas industrial complex in Russia is the utilization of associated petroleum gas (hereinafter referred to as APG). APG is one of the by-products of the process of oil production and its preliminary preparation for transportation. The main components of PNG are methane and other low molecular weight (volatile) alkanes

scholarly journals Shale-Oil Development Prospects: The Role of Shale-Gas in Developing Shale-Oil

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas B. Reynolds ◽  
Maduabuchi Pascal Umekwe
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Shale Oil ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Oil Development ◽  
The World

Currently, most of the world’s shale-oil is coming from the United States, but more may be needed from non-U.S. sources in order to keep the world price of oil from increasing, and yet a number of petroleum producing countries have yet to develop shale-oil resources. This article investigates why that may be. One reason for this may be the role that shale-gas development plays in the search for shale-oil. In the oil and natural gas industry over much of the 20th century, finding oil has usually been more valuable than finding natural gas because the gas has less energy density than oil, making each BTU (or Joule) of oil energy easier to store, transport and use for consumers. However, since shale source-rock often has both natural gas and oil, then it behooves a shale search process to start by looking for natural gas first rather than oil to enhance the profitability of the search process. The problem, then, is that a shale-oil only search strategy has the same problem that first plagued the oil and gas industry: What do you do with the natural gas? In this paper, we will examine how this “chicken and egg” exploration scenario has played out in the U.S. in order to draw lessons on how difficult shale-oil development will be for the rest of the world.

On Building a Model for the Efficient Development of the Oil and Gas Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 971-982
Author(s):  
R. Kh. Azieva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oil And Gas Enterprises

Aim. The presented study aims to build a model for the efficient development of the oil and gas industry in the long term. Tasks. The authors investigate the peculiarities of the development of the oil and gas industry in the Russian Federation at the present stage when the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic has had a significant impact on the reduction of oil production and global demand for oil and petroleum products; identify strategic directions for the development of the oil and gas industry in Russia and substantiate the need for government measures to support the oil and gas industry, including the possibility of forming innovative investment resources and reducing the tax burden in combination with a global shift away from fossil fuels, which will ensure more efficient use of oil and gas reserves. Methods. This study uses the theory and methodology of strategizing developed by academician V.L. Kvint as a basis for determining strategic directions and priorities for the development of the oil and gas industry. An economic and mathematical regression model for predicting the volume of oil production in the Russian Federation over the next five years is developed with allowance for the priorities of the methodology under consideration. Results. Substantiation of the projected values of oil production increases the preparedness of Russian oil companies and the government, allowing them to respond to various scenarios in the future and thus making it possible to develop an efficient strategy based on preventive measures to reduce the impact of oil price volatility on the Russian economy. Calculations show that Russia will most likely not be able to fully realize its production potential. In the long term, oil production will naturally decline due to the depletion of the resource base. One of the prerequisites for the successful operation of oil and gas enterprises is their orientation towards an innovative strategy in the context of sustainable development. Conclusions. The era of cheap oil and unexpected profits from hydrocarbons is gradually coming to an end. Therefore, strategically important directions for the oil and gas industry include the modernization of technologies and equipment by attracting investments in oil and gas enterprises and the development of the industry’s infrastructure, diversification of the refining industry, reduction of crude oil exports, and increased exports of finished petroleum products.

A Comparison of Double Block and Bleed Technologies

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus Bowie
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Maintenance Activities ◽  
True Definition ◽  
Plant Shutdown

Double Block and Bleed is a term often used in the oil and gas industry to define a level of isolation sufficient to perform maintenance activities. The true definition relates to incumbent valves providing two proven levels of isolation against the outboard pressure to permit breaching of containment in the isolated pipe. This paper assesses how temporary isolation devices can provide equivalent isolation where incumbent valves do not exist at appropriate locations in the system. It reviews the different interpretations of Double Block and Bleed used within the industry and compares how different isolation devices are assessed in relation to the level of isolation they provide. It will reference several examples from around the world of where temporary isolation devices have been used to replace valves and perform repairs in trunk pipelines without depressurising the whole pipeline. It will also cover examples of isolating live process pipe to perform maintenance activities outside plant shutdown.

Aboriginal employment—Chevron's journey

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Camis Smith
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Corporate Leadership ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Internal Support ◽  
Employer Of Choice ◽  
Energy Companies

Advancing Aboriginal participation in the workplace comes with its challenges, and those experienced in the oil and gas industry are unique. Barriers to participation need to be regularly evaluated and addressed for success. Although Chevron Australia's focus on Aboriginal employment is fairly recent, it receives strong internal support from senior and corporate leadership. It will be important in the future to further this commitment and build ownership throughout the organisation to achieve long-term results and meet business needs and skills gaps. Camis Smith, Chevron Australia's Aboriginal Employment Strategy Manager, will share Chevron's experiences, lessons and challenges in advancing Aboriginal participation in the workplace, and reinforce its reputation as an employer of choice. Chevron is one of the world's leading integrated energy companies and through its Australian subsidiaries, has been present in Australia for more than 60 years. With the ingenuity and commitment of more than 4,000 people, Chevron Australia leads the development of the Gorgon and Wheatstone natural gas projects, and has been operating Australia's largest onshore oilfield on Barrow Island for more than 45 years.

scholarly journals Calculating the Optimum Angle of Filament-Wound Pipes in Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines Using Approximation Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khoshravan Azar ◽  
Ali Akbar Emami Satellou ◽  
Mohammad Shishesaz ◽  
Bahram Salavati
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Approximation Methods ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Optimal Angle ◽  
Filament Wound ◽  
Composite Pipe ◽  
Natural Gas Transmission

Given the increasing use of composite materials in various industries, oil and gas industry also requires that more attention should be paid to these materials. Furthermore, due to variation in choice of materials, the materials needed for the mechanical strength, resistance in critical situations such as fire, costs and other priorities of the analysis carried out on them and the most optimal for achieving certain goals, are introduced. In this study, we will try to introduce appropriate choice for use in the natural gas transmission composite pipelines. Following a 4-layered filament-wound (FW) composite pipe will consider an offer our analyses under internal pressure. The analyses’ results will be calculated for different combinations of angles 15 deg, 30 deg, 45 deg, 55 deg, 60 deg, 75 deg, and 80 deg. Finally, we will compare the calculated values and the optimal angle will be gained by using the Approximation methods. It is explained that this layering is as the symmetrical.

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