scholarly journals Test of vitality of fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Eggs and larvae of moth Figs Ephestia cautella (Walk.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Maan Abdul-Azeez Al-Salihi
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Ephestia Cautella ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Fourth Larval Instar ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Fungus Beauveria Bassiana

AbstractThe results showed the effect of different concentrations (1x 104, 1x 106, 1x 108) Spore / ml aqueous suspension of commercial isolation of the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. on eggs and second and fourth larval instars of the moth figs Ephestia cautella (Walk.) Under laboratory conditions. The lowest hatching rate at 1 x 108 spore / ml was 15.3% after 5 days of treatment and was 60.7% at a concentration of 1 x 104 spore / ml. The rest of the larvae were followed until they reached the stage of the pupa and the adult. The mortality for the second larval instar were highest at 1 x 108 spore / ml after 7 days of treatment reaching 85.22%, The lowest rate is 5.6% after 2 days of treatment at 1 x 104 spore / ml concentration. The concentration of 1x 108 spore / ml had the highest effect after four days of treatment on the fourth larval instar the mortality was 89.6%. The lowest percentage pupation was 52.7%, and the lowest adults emerging was 50.2%.

scholarly journals The sex ratio of the koinobiont parasitoid Microcharops anticarsiae Gupta remains female-biased on young larvae of velvetbean in the laboratory environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e48187
Author(s):  
Oniel Jeremias Aguirre Gil ◽  
Leandro Aparecido de Souza ◽  
Marina Funichello ◽  
Antonio Carlos Busoli
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Anticarsia Gemmatalis ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Laboratory Environment ◽  
Fourth Larval Instar ◽  
Biased Sex Ratio ◽  
Planning Strategies

 The natural parasitic behavior of parasitoids should be known by those in charge of planning strategies for the biological control of pests; therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the larval instar of Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner parasitized by Microcharops anticarsiae Gupta in the field and the implication of such parasitic behavior in the sex ratio in the laboratory environment. The length of each larval instar of A. gemmatalis parasitized by M. anticarsiae in the field was determined, and the egg-to-pupa period of the parasitoid and its larval instar lengths were plotted in Gantt charts. According to the chart, A. gemmatalis was parasitized at the first (15%) and second (85%) larval instars in the field, but the length of the first, second and third larval instars of this species was not affected by the parasitism by M. anticarsiae in the field; however, its fourth larval instar was extended and the fifth one was shortened in 2015 but not affected in 2016. The sex ratio of A. gemmatalis larvae parasitized by M. anticarsiae in the field was female-biased, and the sex ratio of early parasitized larvae (3-day old) in the laboratory environment was also female-biased for three cultivated generations. The ‘generation’ factor has affected the egg-to-pupa, pupal and egg-to-adult periods of M. anticarsiae, since females pupated earlier than males in the egg-to-pupa period. Based on the results, M. anticarsiae mostly parasitized the second larval instar of A. gemmatalis in the field, and parasitism in 3-day old larvae in the laboratory environment produced female-biased sex ratio in M. anticarsiae, regardless of the generation.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. endophytic and a soil isolate against the squash beetle, Epilachna chrysomelina (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feyroz Ramadan Hassan ◽  
Samir Khalaf Abdullah ◽  
Lazgeen Haji Assaf
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Soil Isolate ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Fungus Beauveria Bassiana

AbstractLaboratory and field bioassays were conducted to evaluate the pathogenicity of an endophytic and a soil isolate of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. against different stages of squash beetle, Epilachna chrysomelina (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Both isolates were identified by ITS rDNA sequence analysis. Both isolates were pathogenic to the squash beetle; however, their potential was different according to the conidia concentration and the exposure period. Three days post treatment, (100%) mortality rate was obtained, when the first and second larval instars were treated by the B. bassiana ES (soil isolate) compared to 83.67 and 72.60%, respectively when treated with the endophytic isolate. A percentage of 17.67% malformation occurred among the adults that emerged from treated pupae. The highest mortality percentage under field conditions were 28.67 and 22.33% for larvae and adults, respectively.

Endophytic relationship between an entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and corn (zea mays)

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 988-989
Author(s):  
Bruce L. Wagner ◽  
Leslie C. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Insect Host ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Fungus Beauveria Bassiana

Fungi are known to colonize plants, usually as phytopathogens or symbionts. This is the first report of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) penetrating and colonizing a plant in a manner similar to when it invades a typical insect host Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Electron microscopy was used to document this fungus penetrating the leaves of corn (Zea mays) and establishing an endophytic relationship within the plant.Several studies have shown B. bassiana to adhere to insect cuticle and penetrate with or without forming appressorial penetration structures. Investigations have concluded that the young, germinating hyphae may produce sequentially a proteinase followed by chitinase to dissolve the cuticular envelope of target insects. Within three days after inoculation, viable B. bassiana conidia germinated and formed vegetative mycelia which grew randomly over the corn leaf surface (Fig. 1). Often a germ tube is formed from a conidium and elongates only a short distance before terminating its growth and penetrating the leaf surface (Figs. 2 and 3).

scholarly journals Response of green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) to various densities of Ephestia cautella (walk)eggs

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1094-1099
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Larval Instar ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Ephestia Cautella ◽  
Chrysoperla Carnea ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Green Lacewing ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
The Third ◽  
Important Predator ◽  
Type Ii Functional Response

Results of exposure larvae of the most important predator in the integrated pest management , the green lacewings, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) to various densities of fig moth Ephestia cautella eggs showed increasing in the number of consumed prey at decreasing rate of increasing prey density where curve slope consumption decreased gradually until leveling off. These specifications concurred with type II functional response that predators appear towards varied densities of its preys ,that was confirm by logistic regression between the proportion of prey eaten in relation to prey offered . Third larval instars of the predator showed attack rate (a) of 4.85. This was greater than the second larval instar (3.58). Handling time (Th) per prey decreased as the predator aged , it was 0.0046 day for the second larval instar and 0.0041 day for the third larval instars. The greatest theoretical maximum number of moth eggs to be consumed was 244 eggs/day for the third larval instar followed by second larval instars as 217 eggs/day, respectively.

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