scholarly journals Evaluation of Alterations in Uterine Blood Flow using Doppler Ultrasonography in Pregnant, Genotyped Beef Cows and Heifers Consuming Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Seeds and Supplemented with Rumen-Protected Niacin

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sonia J Moisá
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Arterial Blood

Fescue toxicity is a nutritional-related disease generated in a forage-based beef herd exposed to ergot alkaloids (i.e. ergovaline) present in endophyte-infected tall fescue that produces important economic losses. The combination of a genetic test for susceptibility to fescue toxicity and supplementation with rumen-protected niacin could potentially reduce the toxic effects of ergovaline on beef cow and heifers’ reproductive performance during mid-gestation by improving uterine blood flow. Our main objective was to use color Doppler ultrasonography to evaluate the occurrence of any alteration in uterine arterial blood flow in pregnant, genotyped beef cows and heifers exposed to endophyte-infected tall fescue seeds and supplemented with rumen-protected niacin. We hypothesize that genetically-tested susceptible control beef cows will have narrower uterine arteries and decrease blood flow as compared to tolerant cows that received rumen-protected niacin. Rumen-protected niacin was selected for this study due to its well-known effect as a vasodilator. Therefore, it might help cope with blood vessel constriction generated by ergovaline present in endophyte-infected tall fescue seeds. Results showed the negative effect of exposure to ergovaline in the uterine blood flow of pregnant beef cattle through an increase in the resistivity index. No Doppler parameters detected positive effects of genetic and nutritional treatments.

scholarly journals Type A botulinum toxin (disport) in treatment of chronic forms of primary headache

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (5-1) ◽  
pp. 270-275
Author(s):  
M. V. Napriyenko ◽  
V. Yu. Oknin ◽  
A. G. Sazonova ◽  
L. M. Kudayeva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Venous Outflow ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Daily Headache

The aim of this investigation is to study the effect of BTA on the cerebral blood flow in patients with chronic daily headache. The analysis of Doppler ultrasonography and transcranial Dopplergraphy findings has shown the following: after the treatment 34% of the patients had no extravasal effect and in 66% of the patients it became moderate and after the treatment normal venous outflow was found in 58% of the patients . The results of the pilot study demonstrate the effect of BT-A injection on the cerebral blood flow by means of optimizing both the arterial blood flow and the venous outflow from the cavity of the skull.

Abstract P308: Rgs2 Promotes Uterine Blood Flow During Pregnancy

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer N Koch ◽  
Elizabeth A Owens ◽  
Shelby Dahlen ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Patrick Osei Owusu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
G Protein Signaling ◽  
Protein Signaling ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Arterial Blood

Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are crucial in mediating vascular smooth muscle contraction via the regulation of heterotrimeric G proteins, affecting blood pressure and arterial blood flow. Previous studies by others and us showed that RGS2 deficiency augments vascular tone and impairs uterine blood flow (UBF) in non-pregnant mice, and that an Rgs2 loss-of-function mutation is linked to preeclampsia in humans; however, the mechanisms are unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that increased RGS2 expression and/or function facilitates placental perfusion by promoting vasodilation and UBF. We determined gene expression throughout pregnancy and post-partum period by real-time qPCR, while uterine blood flow and blood pressure were examined by ultrasound and carotid artery catheterization, respectively, under anesthesia. RGS2 expression decreased markedly by pregnancy day 10 (0.049 ± 0.013 vs. 0.023 ± 0.017) but returned to non-pregnancy level by day 15 (0.049 ± 0.013 vs. 0.041 ± 0.008,) in wild type mice. The pattern of changes in impedance to UBF mimicked gene expression profile in WT mice; in contrast, impedance remained elevated in Rgs2-/- mice at pregnancy day 15 (RI; WT: 0.516 ± 0.027, vs. RGS2-/-: 0.714 ± 0.020). Systemic blood pressure was similar between WT and Rgst2-/- mice at all stages of pregnancy. The results together indicate that RGS2 promotes uterine perfusion during pregnancy independently of its blood pressure effects. These findings are clinically relevant as selective targeting of G protein signaling could improve utero-placental hypoperfusion during pregnancy and prevent the development of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Late gestation supplementation of corn dried distiller’s grains plus solubles to beef cows fed a low-quality forage: III. effects on mammary gland blood flow, colostrum and milk production, and calf body weights

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 3337-3347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria C Kennedy ◽  
James J Gaspers ◽  
Bethany R Mordhorst ◽  
Gerald L Stokka ◽  
Kendall C Swanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Distiller's Grains ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Term Performance

Abstract Objectives were to investigate the effects of supplementation with corn dried distiller’s grains plus solubles (DDGS) to late gestating beef cows on arterial blood flow to the mammary glands during late gestation and early lactation; colostrum and milk production; dystocia and immunity; and calf BW. Cows were fed a control (CON; n = 15; 5.1% CP; 36.2% ADF) diet consisting of 90% corn stover and 10% corn silage on a dry basis offered ad libitum or CON diet with supplementation of DDGS (0.30% of BW; SUP n = 12). Mammary gland blood flow was assessed on day 245 of gestation. At parturition, maternal and calving parameters were assessed; colostrum and jugular blood was sampled; and dams were weighed. Mammary gland blood flow and milk production was measured on day 44 of lactation. Calves were weighed fortnightly for 8 wk and at weaning. Colostrum production tended to be greater in SUP dams than in CON dams (837 vs. 614 ± 95 g, P = 0.10). Calves of SUP dams were heavier at birth and 24 h (0 h, 43.2 vs. 39.8 ± 1.0 kg, P = 0.02; 24 h, 44.0 vs. 40.4 ± 1.1 kg, P = 0.02). At birth and 24 h, blood pCO2 was greater in calves born to SUP dams (6.82 vs. 6.00 ± 0.41 kPa, P = 0.04). Serum IgG did not differ (P = 0.21) at 24 h. Ipsilateral mammary gland blood flow of SUP cows was greater than CON cows (2.76 vs. 1.76 ± 0.30 L/min; P = 0.03); however, when summed with contralateral, total blood flow was similar (P = 0.33). Hemodynamic measures on day 44 of lactation were similar (P ≥ 0.32). Milk production tended to be increased (13.5 vs. 10.2 ± 1.2 kg/d, P = 0.07) in SUP vs. CON cows. Despite similar BW through 56 d, calves from SUP cows were heavier (P = 0.04) at weaning (309.7 vs. 292.0 ± 6.0 kg). In conclusion, we accept our hypothesis that DDGS supplementation during gestation influenced mammary blood flow, milk production and calf weights. These findings implicate maternal nutrition’s leverage on both nutrient and passive immunity delivery to the calf early in life as well as potential advantages on long-term performance.

scholarly journals Correlation between Testicular Hemodynamic and Semen Quality Indices in Clinical Varicocele Patients in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaleeq Ur Rehman ◽  
Hafsa Zaneb ◽  
Abdul Basit Qureshi ◽  
Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf ◽  
Ahsan Numan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Testicular Blood Flow

Varicocele, a vascular event, is associated with infertility due to testicular damage that causes abnormal spermatogenesis in males. The goal of this study is to ascertain the diagnostic significance of scrotal color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) by measuring peak systolic value (PSV) and resistive index (RI) of the arteries supplying blood to the testis and their association with semen quality attributes. Sixty prospective patients (age: 20-50 years) undergoing microsurgical varicocelectomy at a teaching hospital were included in the study. Semen parameters and CDUS were recorded and testicular blood flow was determined as PSV and RI of subcapsular artery and intraparenchymal artery of the testes. Nonparametric statistics was applied to test the correlation/association of the semen quality with the PSV, RI, and other variables. Results revealed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.28; p < 0.05) between progressive motility of spermatozoa and resistive index of the intraparenchymal arterial blood flow. Furthermore, it was noticed that the progressive motility of spermatozoa was tended to be negatively correlated (r = -0.236) with resistive index of subcapsular arterial blood flow. In conclusion, this study has revealed that progressive motility of sperms has correlation with the intraparenchymal blood flow of testes. The progressive motility of sperms could be correlated with RI of testicular blood flow. The apparent lack of association between diameter of varicocele vein and semen quality signifies the need of investigating some other factors that may be involved in pathogenicity of varicocele. The diagnostic value of CDUS may be carefully interpreted and clinically correlated in assessment of severity of varicocele.

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