scholarly journals Clinician Attitudes about Health Care Services Addressing Adverse Childhood Experiences

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris C Sexton ◽  
◽  
Briana A Woods-Jaeger ◽  
Bridget Cho ◽  
Kathy Goggin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Clinician Attitudes

scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences and health among indigenous persons experiencing homelessness

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Smith ◽  
Katrina Milaney ◽  
Rita I. Henderson ◽  
Lyndon Crowshoe
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Formal Health Care

Abstract Background Current literature has established that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with the onset of a variety of physical, mental, and behavioural illnesses. However, there are few studies that have thoroughly examined this association in low-income or marginalized groups. Methods To address this knowledge gap, this study used self-reported data on childhood experiences and adult health outcomes in a sample of 91 Indigenous persons experiencing homelessness. While the primary focus of the study was to assess the relationship between ACEs and health status, we also assessed reports on use and perceptions of health care services to test for potential illness-mitigating factors. Results Results indicated that reported number of ACEs was significantly associated with reported levels of mental illness (p < .001, d = 1.12). Significant associations were not observed for physical illness or patterns of substance use. We also found that the number of reported ACEs was significantly correlated with the number of formal health care services that an individual used (r = 0.32). Conclusions Our results reveal that the relationship between ACEs and adult illness is not as deterministic as the current literature suggests. Access to formal health care services may allow individuals to mitigate their adverse health, thereby eliminating some of the effects of ACEs. Conversely, current tools used to measure ACEs may not translate to an Indigenous population, which speaks to a need to revise ACE related surveys to include additional adversity categories.

scholarly journals Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health Care Utilization in a Low-Income Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 749-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret K. Hargreaves ◽  
Charles P. Mouton ◽  
Jianguo Liu ◽  
Yuan E. Zhou ◽  
William J. Blot
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Associations between adverse childhood experiences and need and unmet need for care coordination

2021 ◽  
pp. 205343452110676
Author(s):  
Chidiogo Anyigbo ◽  
Anne E. Fuller ◽  
Yao I Cheng ◽  
Linda Y. Fu ◽  
Harolyn M. Belcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Care Coordination ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Systems Of Care ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Parental Mental Illness ◽  
Material Hardship ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Introduction Children exposed to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may access multiple systems of care to address medical and social complexities. Care coordination (CC) optimizes health outcomes for children with special health care needs who often use multiple systems of care. Little is known about whether ACEs are associated with the need and unmet need for CC. Methods Use of the 2016–2017 National Survey of Children’s Health to identify children who saw ≥1 health care provider in the last 12 months. The study team used weighted logistic regression analyses to examine associations between 9 ACE types, ACE score, and need and unmet need for CC. Results In the sample ( N  = 39,219, representing 38,316,004 US children), material hardship (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29–1.75), parental mental illness (aOR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07–1.60), and neighborhood violence (aOR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.01–1.74) were significantly associated with an increased need for CC. Material hardship was also associated with an unmet need for CC (aOR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.80–3.11). Children with ACE scores of 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 had higher odds of need and unmet need for CC than children with 0 ACEs. Discussion Specific ACE types and higher ACE scores were associated with the need and unmet need for CC. Evaluating the unique needs of children who endured ACEs should be considered in the design and implementation of CC processes in the pediatric health care system.

scholarly journals The impact of adverse childhood experiences on health service use across the life course using a retrospective cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Bellis ◽  
Karen Hughes ◽  
Katie Hardcastle ◽  
Kathryn Ashton ◽  
Kat Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Impact

Objectives The lifelong health impacts of adverse childhood experiences are increasingly being identified, including earlier and more frequent development of non-communicable disease. Our aim was to examine whether adverse childhood experiences are related to increased use of primary, emergency and in-patient care and at what ages such impact is apparent. Methods Household surveys were undertaken in 2015 with 7414 adults resident in Wales and England using random probability stratified sampling (age range 18–69 years). Nine adverse childhood experiences (covering childhood abuse and household stressors) and three types of health care use in the last 12 months were assessed: number of general practice (GP) visits, emergency department (ED) attendances and nights spent in hospital. Results Levels of use increased with increasing numbers of adverse childhood experiences experienced. Compared to those with no adverse childhood experiences, odds (±95% CIs) of frequent GP use (≥6 visits), any ED attendance or any overnight hospital stay were 2.34 (1.88–2.92), 2.32 (1.90–2.83) and 2.67 (2.06–3.47) in those with ≥ 4 adverse childhood experiences. Differences were independent of socio-economic measures of deprivation and other demographics. Higher health care use in those with ≥ 4 adverse childhood experiences (compared with no adverse childhood experiences) was evident at 18–29 years of age and continued through to 50–59 years. Demographically adjusted means for ED attendance rose from 12.2% of 18-29 year olds with no adverse childhood experiences to 28.8% of those with ≥ 4 adverse childhood experiences. At 60–69 years, only overnight hospital stay was significant (9.8% vs. 25.0%). Conclusions Along with the acute impacts of adverse childhood experiences on child health, a life course perspective provides a compelling case for investing in safe and nurturing childhoods. Disproportionate health expenditure in later life might be reduced through childhood interventions to prevent adverse childhood experiences.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health Care Use in the Manitoba IBD Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1700-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelcie M Witges ◽  
Charles N Bernstein ◽  
Kathryn A Sexton ◽  
Tracie Afifi ◽  
John R Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Abstract Background We aimed to determine the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in persons with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and whether having ACEs was associated with health care utilization post-IBD diagnosis. Method Three hundred forty-five participants from the population-based Manitoba IBD Cohort Study self-reported ACEs (ie, physical abuse, sexual abuse, death of a very close friend or family member, severe illness or injury, upheaval between parents, and any other experience thought to significantly impacts one’s life or personality) at a median of 5.3 years following IBD diagnosis. Cohort study data were linked to administrative health databases that captured use of hospitals, physician visits, and prescription drugs; use was classified as IBD-related and non-IBD-related. Mean annual estimates of health care use were produced for the 60-month period following the ACE report. Generalized linear models (GLMs) with generalized estimating equations (GEEs) with and without covariate adjustment were fit to the data. Results The prevalence of at least 1 ACE was 74.2%. There was no statistically significant association between having experienced an ACE and health care use. However, unadjusted mean annual non-IBD-related general practitioner visits were significantly higher for participants exposed to physical and sexual abuse than those not exposed. Selected adjusted rates of IBD-related health care use were lower for participants who reported exposure to an upheaval between parents and high perceived trauma from ACEs. Conclusion The estimated prevalence of at least 1 self-reported ACE in persons with diagnosed IBD was high. Health care use among those who experienced ACEs may reflect the impacts of ACE on health care anxiety.

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Health Care Access Are Associated with Adverse Childhood Experiences

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1225-1233
Author(s):  
Aditi Srivastav ◽  
Chelsea L. Richard ◽  
Colby Kipp ◽  
Melissa Strompolis ◽  
Kellee White
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Health Care Burden and Expenditure Associated with Adverse Childhood Experiences in Tennessee and Virginia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glory Okwori ◽  
Steven Stewart ◽  
Megan Quinn ◽  
Delaney Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Life Years

AbstractTo estimate attributable burden and costs of conditions associated with exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in Tennessee (TN) and Virginia (VA) during 2017. This is a cross-sectional study of individuals aged 18+ having exposure to ACEs using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Eight chronic diseases (asthma, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, cardiovascular disease, and arthritis) and two risk factors (smoking and drinking) associated with ACEs were analyzed. Pearson's chi-square tests analyzed the association between ACEs, risk factors and chronic diseases. The population attributable risks (PAR) were estimated for the ACEs related diseases and risk factors and combined with health care expenses and Disability Adjusted-Life-Years (DALYs). Among those who experienced at least 1 ACE in TN, 10% had COPD, 17% had diabetes, 36% had obesity, and 30% had depression. Individuals who experienced at least 1 ACE in VA had higher percentages for COPD, obesity and depression diseases compared to those who had no ACE (p< .0001). ACEs’ exposure resulted in a burden of about 115,000 years and 127,000 years in terms of DALYs in TN and VA, respectively. The total health spending associated with ACEs based on PARs was about $647 million ($165 per adult) and $942 million ($292 per adult) in TN and VA respectively. The total costs associated with ACEs was about $15.5 billion ($3948) per person) and $20.2 billion ($6288 per person) in TN and VA, respectively. This study emphasizes the need to reduce ACEs due to high health and financial costs.

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