scholarly journals Effect of decreasing acidity on the extractability of inorganic soil phosphorus

1981 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helinä Hartikainen
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Soil P

The extractability of P by the water and anion exchange resin methods and reactions of soil inorganic P were investigated with seven acid mineral soil samples incubated with KOH solutions of various concentrations. The results were compared with the analytical data obtained from three soil samples incubated in a prolonged liming experiment. The resin extraction method proved more effective than the water extraction method. The amounts of P desorbed by both methods seemed to increase exponentially as the pH in the soil suspensions rose. The factors involved were discussed. On the basis of fractionation analyses P reacting to changes in the pH and participating in desorption processes was supposed to originate from secondary NH4F and NaOH soluble reserves. In general, as the acidity decreased NH4F-P increased at the expense of NaOH-P. In heavily limed gyttja soil also H2SO4-P increased. This was possibly induced by the precipitation of mobilized P as a Ca compound. The significance of pH in the extractability of soil P seemed somewhat to lessen as the amount of secondary P increased. The results were in accordance with the conception that liming improves the availability of inorganic P to plants and reduces the need for P fertilization. However, increasing of the soil pH involves the risk that P is more easily desorbed to the recipient water by the eroded soil material carried into the watercourse. Therefore, intensive liming is not recommendable close to the shoreline. Further, it should be taken into account that liming of lakes may also result in eutrophication as desorption of sedimentary inorganic P is enhanced.

scholarly journals Spatial variability of soil phosphorus of a low productivity Brachiaria brizantha pasture

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edemar Joaquim Corazza ◽  
Michel Brossard ◽  
Takashi MuraokaI ◽  
Maurício Antonio Coelho Filho
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
P Application

Studies on soil phosphorus (P) of low productivity cultivated pastures in Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) areas and surveys on other possible problems related to P are scarce. The spatial variability of soil phosphorus content of a Rhodic Ferralsol was studied in a low productivity pasture of Brachiaria brizantha (BB) grown for 10 years, without fertilizer application, in an experimental area at Planaltina (GO), Brazil. Soil samplings were performed on a regular grid of 10 by 10 meters, with 98 sampling points before (between tussocks and under tussocks) and after the establishment of the experiment (after fertilizing). On the same grid, forage plants were collected and separated into fractions for N and P content analyses. Soil available phosphate was determined by the resin method (Pr) and complemented by the 32P isotopic exchange kinetics analysis. Descriptive statistical and geostatistical analyses were utilized to describe the spatial variability. The Pr content on soil samples under tussocks presented mean and median values 45% larger than in soil samples taken between tussocks. The higher variation is probably related to the greater concentration of BB roots, soil organic matter content and soil P recycled through the plants tussocks. The spatial variability of Pr in this soil was high especially after fertilizer application. This variable did not present spatial dependence for the regular 10 m sampling. The generated knowledge on P variability of soils under low productivity cultivated pastures revealed problems related to the sampling methodology traditionally utilized and to P application.

FORMS OF PHOSPHORUS IN A SEQUENCE OF SOILS DEVELOPED ON FRASER RIVER ALLUVIUM

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-369
Author(s):  
MATT K. JOHN ◽  
E. H. GARDNER
Keyword(s):  
Soil Samples ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Standard Soil ◽  
Soil Forming Processes

The distribution of different forms of phosphorus was determined for soil samples and particle size fractions from a sequence of soils developed on Fraser River alluvium. The values for inorganic P when apportioned as aluminum-P, iron-P, reductant-P and calcium-P were found to be dependent on soil-forming processes. Calcium-P levels decreased and iron-P and organic-P levels increased with increasing distance from the river, and with more pronounced profile development. Changes in the relative amounts of these various forms of soil P occurred over relatively short distances and affected the amounts of P extracted in standard soil testing methods. P levels depended very little on soil texture for the majority of the soils, although there was some evidence in favor of fine particle sizes over the sand fractions as a source of P in one of the profiles.

scholarly journals Implications of long-term superphosphate applications on the accumulation and plant availability of soil phosphorus under irrigated pastures

1990 ◽  
pp. 191-193
Author(s):  
L.M. Condron ◽  
K.M. Goh
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
P Addition ◽  
Apparent Stability

Changes in soil phosphorus (P) associated with the establishment and maintenance of improved ryegrass-clover pasture under different superphosphate fertiliser treatments were examined over a 20-year period (1957-77). Results showed that soil organic P increased with increasing applications of P fertiliser. This represents a dynamic balance between rates of organic P addition and breakdown in the soil. This balance is reached slowly and may be significantly altered only by drastic changes in land use. In annually fertilised soils, amounts of inorganic P increased with time. However, the potential utilisation of this residual inorganic P is limited by its apparent stability in the soil. Keywords grazed pasture, irrigation, fertiliser P, soil inorganic P, soil organic P, soil P fractionation

scholarly journals Determination of available soil phosphorus by chemical methods

1978 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkki Aura
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Ammonium Fluoride ◽  
Acetate Solution ◽  
Phosphorus Status ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Resin Method

Phosphorus uptake by oats in pot experiments was compared with phosphorus test values obtained for experimental soils. Phosphorus was extracted from the soil using acid ammonium acetate solution, Bray 1 solution, Olsen solution, ammonium fluoride, distilled water and anion exchange resin. Intensity values were determined by equilibrating the soils with 0.01 M CaCl2 solution. Soil samples were collected from 30 mineral soils. The best test for phosphorus status proved to be the anion exchange resin method. Good results were also obtained with simple water extraction. An advantage of the water and resin method is that the microstructure of the soil is not substantially changed when using these methods. An intensity measurement was not in itself sufficient for analysis of the phosphorus status, since the intensity drops rapidly when soil releases phosphorus.

scholarly journals Reviews and Syntheses: Ironing Out Wrinkles in the Soil Phosphorus Cycling Paradigm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curt A. McConnell ◽  
Jason P. Kaye ◽  
Armen R. Kemanian
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Cycling ◽  
Organic P ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant System ◽  
P Sorption ◽  
P Cycling ◽  
Critical Challenge

Abstract. Soil phosphorus (P) management remains a critical challenge for agriculture worldwide, and yet we are still unable to predict soil P dynamics as confidently as that of carbon (C) or nitrogen (N). This is due to both the complexity of inorganic P (Pi) and organic P (Po) cycling and the methodological constraints that have limited our ability to trace P dynamics in the soil-plant system. In this review we describe the challenges to building parsimonious, accurate, and useful P models and to explore the potential of some new techniques to advance modeling efforts. To advance our understanding and modeling of P biogeochemistry, research efforts should focus on the following: 1) update the McGill and Cole (1981) model of Po mineralization by clarifying the role and prevalence of “biochemical” and “biological” Po mineralization which we hypothesize are not mutually exclusive and may co-occur along a continuum of Po substrate stoichiometry; 2) further understand the dynamics of phytate, a 6-C compound that can regulate the poorly understood stoichiometry of soil P; 3) explore the effects of C and Po saturation on P sorption and Po mineralization; and 4) resolve discrepancies between hypotheses about P cycling and the methods used to test these hypotheses.

THE INFLUENCE OF TOPOGRAPHY ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SOIL PHOSPHORUS ACROSS A NARROW ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENT

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. ROBERTS ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART ◽  
J. R. BETTANY
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradient ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Lower Slope ◽  
Total P

A sequential extraction procedure was used to determine phosphorus fractions (resin, bicarbonate, hydroxide, sonicated hydroxide, acid and acid-peroxide digest with separate organic and inorganic P determinations) in surface and subsurface horizons taken from the upper, mid- and lower slope positions of four catenas (representing Brown, Dark Brown and Black Chernozemic soils, and a Luvisolic soil) which encompass a narrow environmental gradient of climate (annual precipitation: 300–475 mm) and vegetation. Trends in the local distribution of organic and inorganic soil P between upper and lower slope positions in any one catena were similar to the regional distribution patterns across all soil zones. Concentration of organic P, in both the surface and subsurface horizons, increased from the upper to the lower slope positions and from the Brown to the Black soils, while inorganic P decreased. The largest single organic fraction (hydroxide extractable) accounted for up to 22 and 17% of the total P (surface and subsurface horizons, respectively). Acid extractable P dominated the inorganic fractions, accounting for 40–63% of the total P (surface and subsurface horizons, respectively). The distribution of organic P along the catenas and among the soil zones was related to the transformations of inorganic P caused by differences in weathering intensity between slope positions and across the Province. Key words: Catena, climo-toposequence, sequential P extraction

Characterization of soil phosphorus by anion exchange resin adsorption and P32-equilibration

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Amer ◽  
D. R. Bouldin ◽  
C. A. Black ◽  
F. R. Duke
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Resin Adsorption

Comparison of bicarbonate-extractable soil phosphorus measured by ICP-AES and colourimetry in soils of south-eastern New South Wales

Soil Research ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 742 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Hart ◽  
P. S. Cornish
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
New South ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Difference

Soil testing for plant-available phosphorus (P) in Australia is most commonly conducted using alkaline sodium bicarbonate extraction (Olsen or Colwell tests), followed by a colourimetric assay to measure the concentration of P in solution. Analysis by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy has become increasingly popular internationally for other soil P tests, especially Mehlich 3, due to its efficiency and ability to measure multiple elements in the one extract. The use of ICP in place of colourimetry has been used in some Australian laboratories for bicarbonate-extractable P. However, the method is known to measure forms of P (organic) that are not measured by the colourimetric assay. This study presents data comparing soil Colwell P measured by the 2 methods for 714 soil samples from pastoral sites in south-east New South Wales. Measurement by ICP consistently yielded significantly higher P concentrations than the colourimetric method (ICP-P = 1.122Col-P + 57.0, r2 = 0.95, P < 0.001). Differences between the 2 techniques were more marked in 0–20 mm than 0–100 mm depth soil samples, and in soils with greater clay contents, suggesting that the difference was related to soil organic matter, and thereby organic P contents. Relative differences were greatest in soils with lower P concentrations, i.e. within the agronomic optimum range of most interest to farmers. ICP analysis cannot be directly correlated with colourimetrically measured P in bicarbonate extracts, and would need to be developed and calibrated as a separate, new soil P test.

A comparison of four resin extractions and 32P isotopic exchange for the assessment of plant-available P

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sen Tran ◽  
R. R. Simard ◽  
J. C. Fardeau
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Isotopic Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Available P ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Fertilizer Response ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant Available P

Resin extraction procedures are widely used to simulate nutrient uptake by plant roots. The objective of this study was to compare an anion exchange resin in three forms: F, Cl and HCO3, and a mixed anionic-cationic exchange resin in H-OH form to a 32P isotopic exchange method in their ability to extract soil P, and to predict plant-available P for oat (Avena sativa L.) grown in the glasshouse. Thirty-four soils varying widely in chemical and physical properties, and in P contents, were extracted for 24 h at a soil-to-solution ratio of 1:80 with 1 g resin. Increasingly higher P quantities were obtained by isotopic exchange after 1 min (E1 7.61 mg kg−1), Cl-resin (27.3 mg kg−1), HCO3-resin (40.5 mg kg−1), F-resin (75.1 mg kg−1) and H-OH resin (130 mg kg−1). The Cl and HCO3 resins extracted a constant ratio of E1-P in strongly acidic and weakly acidic to neutral soils; this was not the case for the other resins. The pH values of the resin-soil-solution system were related to the natural logarithm of the amount of rapidly exchangeable Ca. The Cl and HCO3 resins best predicted P uptake and relative yield of oat growing on 34 soils. These two methods were superior to chemical methods in evaluating soil P status and fertilizer response of oats. The relationships between the amount of soil P desorbed by the HCO3 and F resins and by plant uptake were improved when the P buffering capacity (MBC) was included in the multiple regression equation. The P intensity factor was most important for the H-OH and Cl resins. In general, desorption of soil P with exchange resins improves, compared to chemical extradants, the evaluation of the P-supplying power of soils. Key words: 32P, anion exchange resin, available P, extraction method

Changes occurring during a year in the soluble phosphorus and potassium in soil under crops in rotation experiments at Rothamsted, Woburn and Saxmundham

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. P. Garbouchev
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Soluble Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Exchangeable P

From May 1963 to April 1964 seasonal changes in soluble nutrients were followed in soil samples taken monthly from plots having none, PK, and NPK fertilizers in experiments at Rothamsted and Woburn. Phosphorus, potassium and magnesium concentrations in equilibrium extracts of the soils made with 0.0lM-CaCl2 solution were determined. Exchangeable P was determined with an anion exchange resin. Samples were taken under five arable crops growing in rotation, and under permanent grass on the two soils.

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