Conceptual Design of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Mars Exploration

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Ishan Mishra ◽  
Aayush Kumar ◽  
Vanshaj Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Planetary Science ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Thin Carbon ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Aerial Systems

Significant technology advances have enabled planetary exploration aircraft to be considered as a viable science platform. These systems fill in a unique planetary science measurement gap, that of the regional scale, near-surface observation while providing a new perspective for planetary discovery. Exploration of Mars using UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) has been planned for over 25 years by leading space organizations such as NASA. Recent efforts have been able to produce some mature mission and flight system concepts, ready for flight project implementation. There are however si0gnificant numbers of challenges associated with getting an airplane to fly through the thin, carbon dioxide-rich Martian atmosphere. Traditional aircraft design expertise does not always apply to this sort of vehicle, and geometric, aerodynamic, and mission restrictions result in a restricted viable design space. This paper presents the conceptual approach that was taken to design a UAV capable of performing a VTOL (Vertical Take-Off and Landing) in the atmosphere of Mars. The UAV was designed to participate in the International Planetary Aerial Systems Challenge 2021. The UAV could carry a science payload of up to 5 kg (weight on mars). 

scholarly journals How Accurate Is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data-Based Model Applied on Satellite Imagery for Chlorophyll-a Estimation in Freshwater Bodies?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1134
Author(s):  
Anas El-Alem ◽  
Karem Chokmani ◽  
Aarthi Venkatesan ◽  
Lhissou Rachid ◽  
Hachem Agili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Turbid Waters ◽  
Vehicle Data ◽  
Freshwater Bodies ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Leave One Out ◽  
Semi Empirical

Optical sensors are increasingly sought to estimate the amount of chlorophyll a (chl_a) in freshwater bodies. Most, whether empirical or semi-empirical, are data-oriented. Two main limitations are often encountered in the development of such models. The availability of data needed for model calibration, validation, and testing and the locality of the model developed—the majority need a re-parameterization from lake to lake. An Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data-based model for chl_a estimation is developed in this work and tested on Sentinel-2 imagery without any re-parametrization. The Ensemble-based system (EBS) algorithm was used to train the model. The leave-one-out cross validation technique was applied to evaluate the EBS, at a local scale, where results were satisfactory (R2 = Nash = 0.94 and RMSE = 5.6 µg chl_a L−1). A blind database (collected over 89 lakes) was used to challenge the EBS’ Sentine-2-derived chl_a estimates at a regional scale. Results were relatively less good, yet satisfactory (R2 = 0.85, RMSE= 2.4 µg chl_a L−1, and Nash = 0.79). However, the EBS has shown some failure to correctly retrieve chl_a concentration in highly turbid waterbodies. This particularity nonetheless does not affect EBS performance, since turbid waters can easily be pre-recognized and masked before the chl_a modeling.

Unmanned Aerial Systems Platform Research Prognosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 555-560
Author(s):  
Javaan Chahl
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
The State ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Engineering Approach ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Research Investment ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Aerial Systems

Much of aerospace academia is anticipating a boom in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) funding and research opportunities. The expectation is built on the premise that UAVs will revolutionize aerospace, which is likely based on current trends. There is also an anticipation of an increasing number of new platforms and research investment, which is likely but must be analyzed carefully to determine where the opportunities might lie. This paper draws on the state of industry and a systems engineering approach. We explore what aspects of UAVs really are the results of aerospace science advances and what aspects will be rather more mundane works of engineering.

Multi-Disciplinary Design Optimization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheolwan Kim ◽  
Yung-Gyo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
General Procedure ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Approximation Model ◽  
Diamond Sample ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Euler Solver

A general procedure of preliminary design of aircraft and one-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI) applied to aircraft design is introduced briefly. Then, FSI and optimization technique are implemented to optimize a wing shape of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for minimum cruise drag. FSI analysis and optimization processes for minimizing drag of UAV are explained. Design variables are wing taper ratio and dihedral angle, and objective function is the cruise drag of UAV. Fluid solution is generated with Euler solver and structural analysis is performed with FEM solver, Diamond. Sample points are selected by Design of Experiment (DOE) method and Kriging method is used for generation of an approximation model.

Evaluation of unmanned aerial vehicle tactics through the metrics of survivability

2021 ◽  
pp. 154851292110316
Author(s):  
Ian Lunsford ◽  
Thomas H Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Air Defense ◽  
Probabilistic Evaluation ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Design Tradeoffs ◽  
Aircraft Survivability

Aircraft survivability is a classical consideration of combat aircraft design and tactical development, but the fundamental model of aircraft survivability must be updated to be able to consider modern tactical scenarios that are applicable to unmanned aircraft. This paper seeks therefore to define the set of design tradeoffs and an evaluation of the tactical effectiveness for unmanned aircraft survivability. Traditional and modern survivability evaluation methods are presented and integrated into a computational simulation to create a probabilistic evaluation of unmanned aircraft survivability. The results demonstrate the development of design tradeoffs for a hypothetical unmanned C-130J Hercules against a single man-portable air defense system. The discussion focuses on the demonstration of the utility of this survivability evaluation framework for consideration of survivability in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) design, the utility of considering survivability in the design of multi-UAV configurations (including the loyal wingman and swarms), and the value of the probabilistic survivability model for multi-aircraft simulations.

scholarly journals The UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) AIRCRAFT DESIGN GALAK-24 WITH AUTONOMOUS METHOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Oktober) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Argo Surono ◽  
Imam Ashar ◽  
Muhamat Maariful Huda
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Flight Test ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Remote Control System ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Unmanned System ◽  
Very High

Abstract: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle is a type of aircraft that is controlled by a remote-control system via radio waves. UAV is an unmanned system (Unmanned System), which is an electro-mechanical-based system that can carry out programmed missions with the characteristics of a UAV that is able to fly without a pilot capable of controlling automatically and can run again by carrying several weapons or other tools. An autopilot is a mechanical, electrical, or hydraulic system that guides a vehicle without human intervention. The application of the Autonomous control system on the UAV is carried out by using Autonomous equipment in the form of components such as Flight Controller, GPS, Mission Planner Software and Telemetry. The number of parameters set by the observations made on the movement of the UAV when in Auto mode. The flight test used a square waypoint with a distance of 500 meters on each side. The UAV is able to fly in an Autonomous manner stably using a predetermined Waypoint. This is a pure experiment by means of tool testing and data collection that requires very high attention from the crew and results in fatigue.

scholarly journals Sizing of a Turboprop Engine Powered High Altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and It`s Propulsion System for an Assumed Mission Profile in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol vm01 (is01) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Ali Dinç
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Target Cost ◽  
Turboprop Engine ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Mission Profile

In this study, preliminary sizing of a turboprop engine powered high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle and it`s propulsion system for an assumed mission profile in Turkey was performed. Aircraft mission profile is one of the most important design inputs in aircraft design. While the aircraft is dimensioned according to the requirements in the specification (useful payload, range, target cost, etc.), parameters such as cruise altitude and speed within the mission profile affect the engine type, power level, fuel quantity, and therefore the overall dimensions and total weight of the aircraft. The unmanned aerial vehicle with turboprop engine investigated in this study, can stay in the air for at least 24 hours at high altitude (40000 ft) and can be used for border surveillance, coast control, forest fires and land exploration.

scholarly journals Automatic Detection of Near-Surface Targets for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Magnetic Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxin Mu ◽  
Xiaojuan Zhang ◽  
Wupeng Xie ◽  
Yaoxin Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Magnetic Measurement ◽  
Sliding Window ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Magnetic Survey ◽  
Interference Field ◽  
Euler Deconvolution ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Great progress has been made in the integration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) magnetic measurement systems, but the interpretation of UAV magnetic data is facing serious challenges. This paper presents a complete workflow for the detection of the subsurface objects, like Unexploded Ordnance (UXO), by the UAV-borne magnetic survey. The elimination of interference field generated by the drone and an improved Euler deconvolution are emphasized. The quality of UAV magnetic data is limited by the UAV interference field. A compensation method based on the signal correlation is proposed to remove the UAV interference field, which lays the foundation for the subsequent interpretation of UAV magnetic data. An improved Euler deconvolution is developed to estimate the location of underground targets automatically, which is the combination of YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once version 3) and Euler deconvolution. YOLOv3 is a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)-based image and video detector and it is applied in the context of magnetic survey for the first time, replacing the traditional sliding window. The improved algorithm is more satisfactory for the large-scale UAV-borne magnetic survey because of the simpler and faster workflow, compared with the traditional sliding window (SW)-based Euler method. The field test is conducted and the experimental results show that all procedures in the designed routine is reasonable and effective. The UAV interference field is suppressed significantly with root mean square error 0.5391 nT and the improved Euler deconvolution outperforms the SW Euler deconvolution in terms of positioning accuracy and reducing false targets.

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