Determinants of Under-five Mortality in South Africa: Results from a Cross-Sectional Demographic and Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshaudi Motsima ◽  
K. Zuma ◽  
E. Rapoo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Birth Type

Under-five mortality remains a public health challenge in South Africa and other developing countries where children are likely to die before reaching five years. This paper aimed to identify factors associated with under-five mortality in South Africa taking into account clustering using the 1998 South African Demographic and Health Survey data. Survival analysis techniques were used to understand under-five mortality and its determinants. Frailty models incorporating family and community frailty effects were implemented. The results revealed that preceding birth interval, birth type, breastfeeding and dwelling unit type were significant determinants of under-five mortality. The findings further confirmed that children belonging to the same family and children belonging to the same community shared certain unobserved characteristics that put them at risk of death.

scholarly journals Next wave of interventions to reduce under-five mortality in Rwanda: a cross-sectional analysis of demographic and health survey data

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Amoroso ◽  
Marie Paul Nisingizwe ◽  
Dominique Rouleau ◽  
Dana R. Thomson ◽  
Daniel M. Kagabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals High prevalence of under-five child mortality in the pastoralist communities of Ethiopia: Evidence from the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Wudu Kassaw ◽  
Aele Mamo ◽  
Biruk Abate ◽  
Ayelign Kassie ◽  
Seteamlak Masresha
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
The Government

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and association of child mortality in the pastoralist regions of Ethiopia. The study is a further analysis from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data. Results: The prevalence of under-five child mortality in the pastoralist’s regions was 23.2%, 95%CI (21.4%, 24.6%). The prevalence of mortality among daughters was 15.4%, 95%CI (14.2, 16.6%), and sons 16.8%, 95%CI (15.6, 18.1%).In logistic regression, wealth index, head of household, Khat chewing, type of child birth, husband education, and child age in months were associated with under-five mortality irrespective of the deceased children’s gender. The prevalence of under-five child mortality in the pastoralist regions of Ethiopia was high, which was far highest in relative to the national under-five mortality prevalence. In assessing the effect of variables on under-five child mortality by gender, almost all the variables that have an effect on female or male child are similar. The government should emphasize on the pastoralists’ regions to decrease the high prevalence of under-five child mortality.

scholarly journals Determinants of Under-Five Mortality in High Mortality Regions of Ethiopia: An Analysis of the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Gebretsadik ◽  
Emmanuel Gabreyohannes
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Low Probability

The study was a secondary analysis of existing data from the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey data. Of the 2097 live births recorded in Affar, Somali, Benishangul-Gumuz, and Gambela regions of Ethiopia between 2006 and 2011, 366 deaths before the age of five years were reported. The univariable and multivariable Cox proportional regression models were fitted to select the factors affecting under-five mortality in these regions. The model revealed that under-five mortality significantly associated with preceding birth interval, family size, birth type, breastfeeding status, source of drinking water, and income of mother. Children born after a preceding birth interval of 2-3 years and 3 years and above were significantly less likely to have died before their fifth birthday than those born within two years. Children who were breastfed, for any period, were 25.5% (HR 1.255, 1.005–1.567, p = 0.045) less likely to have died before their fifth birthday than those who were not breastfed. Increased birth interval time corresponds to a low probability of child mortality. Thus, mothers should be encouraged to wait for a sufficient number of months after a birth to conceive another child. Furthermore, breastfeeding was of paramount importance in the fight against child mortality.

scholarly journals Mapping the Burden of Hypertension in South Africa: A Comparative Analysis of the National 2012 SANHANES and the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5445
Author(s):  
Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala ◽  
Chibuzor Christopher Nnanatu ◽  
Natisha Dukhi ◽  
Ronel Sewpaul ◽  
Adlai Davids ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
The South ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence

This study investigates the provincial variation in hypertension prevalence in South Africa in 2012 and 2016, adjusting for individual level demographic, behavioural and socio-economic variables, while allowing for spatial autocorrelation and adjusting simultaneously for the hierarchical data structure and risk factors. Data were analysed from participants aged ≥15 years from the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES) 2012 and the South African Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2016. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or self-reported health professional diagnosis or on antihypertensive medication. Bayesian geo-additive regression modelling investigated the association of various socio-economic factors on the prevalence of hypertension across South Africa’s nine provinces while controlling for the latent effects of geographical location. Hypertension prevalence was 38.4% in the SANHANES in 2012 and 48.2% in the DHS in 2016. The risk of hypertension was significantly high in KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga in the 2016 DHS, despite being previously nonsignificant in the SANHANES 2012. In both survey years, hypertension was significantly higher among males, the coloured population group, urban participants and those with self-reported high blood cholesterol. The odds of hypertension increased non-linearly with age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference. The findings can inform decision making regarding the allocation of public resources to the most affected areas of the population.

scholarly journals Trends in the Prevalence and Associated Contributing Factors of Stunting in Children Under Five Years of Age. Secondary Data Analysis of 2005, 2010 and 2014-2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Révérien Rutayisire ◽  
Clémentine Kanazayire ◽  
Germaine Tuyisenge ◽  
Cyprien Munyanshongore
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared

Background Stunting affects more than 161 million children under five years of age worldwide. Rwanda has a high prevalence of stunted children under five years of age (~38%) according to the 2014-2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey. Objectives The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence rates of stunting in Rwanda using the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey data of 2005, 2010 and 2014-2015. Methods The three Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey cross-sectional studies into consideration were conducted in 2005, 2010 and in 2014-2015. Stunting prevalence rates from those surveys were compared using Pearson's chi-squared tests and Marascuilo procedure using STATA (StataCorp. 2013. Stata Statistical Software: Release 13. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP.). Results The Pearson's chi-squared tests and Marascuilo procedure used in this research confirmed a significant difference between the reported three RDHS stunting prevalence rates. The trends in the stunting prevalence rates among children under five years of age showed a decrease of 13% in stunting prevalence rate, falling from 51%in 2005 to 38%in 2014-15. Conclusion A statistical analysis based on2005, 2010 and 2014-15 RDHS surveys datasets confirmed that there is a statistically significant reduction in stunting prevalence rates  over that decade(from 51% in 2005 to 38%in 2014-2015). The main persistent associated factors with stunting were the age, sex, size at birth, residence place of the child, and the mother’s educational level and household wealth index. Keywords: Stunting; children under five years; demographic and health survey; nutrition; Rwanda

scholarly journals Trend and factors associated with under-five mortality in Ethiopia further analysis of 2000-2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey: A Multivariate decomposition analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wullo Sisay ◽  
Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema ◽  
Misganaw Gebrie Worku ◽  
Dessie Abebaw Angaw
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: The under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn will die before reaching the age of five years. It is usually expressed as a rate per 1000 live births. Nearly 7 million children worldwide die before their fifth birthdays, with almost all of such death occurring in developing countries Objective: To assess the trend and factors associated with under-five mortality in Ethiopia further analysis of 2000-2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey: a decomposition analysis Methods: A secondary serial cross-sectional analysis was conducted utilizing data from four rounds of EDHS administered in 2000, 2005, 2011 and 2016. The Ethiopian health and demographic survey in 2000-2016 used a two-stage stratified sampling technique to select a nationally representative sample. In the first stage the total number of enumeration areas was 539 in 2000, 540 in 2005, 624 in 2011 and 645 EAs in 2016 were selected with probability proportional to EA size and with independent selection in each sampling stratum. In the second stage of selection, a fixed number of 28 households per cluster were selected with an equal probability systematic selection from the newly created household listing. Result: Looking at the overall trend, Ethiopia has shown a significant decrease in under-five mortality over the study period from 166 per 1000 births in 2000 to 67 per 1000 birth in 2016 with annual rate of reduction of 3.7%. The trends in under-five mortality showed a variation according to their characteristics. Among home delivery, the largest decrement was observed around 6.5% decrease from 2000 to 2016 and in health facility delivery decreased by 8.3% The decomposition analysis shows that 100.74% of the decrease in under-five mortality was accredited to the difference in the effects of characteristics. Conclusion: Under-five mortality decreased significantly over the last one and a half decades. One of the remarkable findings from the decomposition analysis is the effect of education, place of delivery and maternal age. the government of Ethiopia shall do all daughters will be educated and to build health facilities the whole place of the country Keywords: Under-five mortality decomposition analysis, trend

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